The effect of rotation of velvet bean (Stizolobium atterrimum Piper & Tracy), and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) with two comercial varieties of cotton IAC RM3 and IAC 12-2 (Gossypium hirsutum L.) was studied during 1967/68 to 1972/73. One experiment was conducted in a soil naturally infected by Fusarium oxysporum f. vasinfectum (Atk.) Snyder & Hansen and by Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood, (President Bernardes, State of São Paulo, in podzolized soils on calcareous sandstone Lins variation) and an other in a soil without Fusarium (Presidente Venceslau, State of São Paulo in dark red latosol sandy phase). IAC RM3 is Fusarium wilt resistant and IAC 12-2 is wilt susceptible. A split-plot design with six replications was used. The small plots were the rotation combinations with velvet bean, peanut, IAC RM3, and IAC 12-2. These crops were planted during 1967/68 and 1969/70. The large plots were made up by wilt resistant cotton and wilt susceptible cotton, planted during 1968/69, 1970/71, 1971/72 and 1972/73. Data of 1968/69 showed that velvet bean and peanut were the best rotations at the two localities. There was no significant residual effect of rotation observed between 1971 and 1973. Rotation increased potassium level in the soil especially in the case of velvet bean.