The selection of a new type of cotton in a population originated by crossing Gossypium hirsutum L. v. latifoliumHutch, and G. barbadenseL. v. brasiliense Hutch., is reported and the underlying methods and procedures described. One backcross to hirsutumfollowed by one cycle of crossing plants within populations and individual selection, led to the obterition of heptalobatum.Its fully developped leaves normally have seven narrow lobes. It is fully fertile and no sign of degeneration was observed in subsequent generations. The means of several economical and morphological characters are presented and discussed. The new cotton showed to be intermediary between the parental types for various characters, to be like one of the parents or a case of transgression for the others.