Abstract
This article discusses from the historic environment transformation of a rural self-styled population of people from Joselândia, in the Pantanal, located in the vicinity of a protected area; the actions of public policies on human and environment health held in the area between 2003 and 2013. Considering the territorialization and deterritorialization of the Brazilian peasant population, we compare the discussion on strategic action of the institutions involved in the community since the installation of the Private Natural Heritage Reserve (PRNP) in 1997 and of federal and local public policies; and the scientific influence in the area. The locals were priced out of the use and land management process. It was classified as traditional and guaranteed by law to their cultural community in 2007. In the daily routine of human health assistance, the dispute between the state and local level resulted in a lack of regular medical care for long periods being restricted to folk medicine. The role of scientific research resumes arbitrating what and who can manage natural resources in the area, preventing the peasant life style.
environmental protection; rural population; health services; science