Contribuição do nitrogênio derivado da suplementação mineral em sementes para plântulas de soja

Sementes podem absorver N de suplementos minerais, estimulando o desenvolvimento de plântulas. O estudo objetivou avaliar a contribuição de N derivado da suplementação mineral em sementes com diferentes teores nutricionais, para plântulas de soja. Sementes de dois lotes da cultivar BMX Potência RR, contrastantes quanto ao teor nutricional, foram submetidas a aplicação de suplemento mineral enriquecido com 2,5% átomos de ¹⁵N em excesso. Aos 2, 6 e 10 dias após a semeadura em papel toalha, plântulas foram coletadas, separadas em cotilédones, sistema radicular e parte aérea. A produção de matéria seca, o comprimento e volume do sistema radicular foram avaliados. No tecido dos órgãos das plântulas foram analisados os totais de N e ¹⁵N. As sementes derivadas do lote com menor teor nutricional absorveram mais N do suplemento mineral, que foi acumulado nos cotilédones e redistribuído para o sistema radicular e parte aérea. A maior parte do N na soja ao longo de 10 dias após a semeadura é derivada das reservas da semente independentemente do teor nutricional inicial. A aplicação de N via suplementação mineral é de pouca importância para o crescimento e desenvolvimento de plântulas.

Termos para indexação:
Glycine max (L.) Merrill; absorção; distribuição; ¹⁵N.

Autoria

Gerusa Massuquini Conceição

Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul/UNIJUÍ, Departamento de Agronomia, Ijuí, RS, BrasilUniversidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul/UNIJUÍBrazilIjuí, RS, BrazilUniversidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul/UNIJUÍ, Departamento de Agronomia, Ijuí, RS, Brasil

Thomas Newton Martin ^**Corresponding author: martin.ufsm@gmail.com

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria/UFSM, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Santa Maria, RS, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria/UFSMBrazilSanta Maria, RS, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria/UFSM, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil

Gustavo Brunetto

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria/UFSM, Departamento de Solos, Santa Maria, RS, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria/UFSMBrazilSanta Maria, RS, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria/UFSM, Departamento de Solos, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil

Rogério Luiz Backes

Fabrício Fuzzer de Andrade

Manoela Beche

^*Corresponding author: martin.ufsm@gmail.com

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Tabelas | Fórmulas

Tabelas (6)
Fórmulas (5)

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Table 1:
Characterization of lots of soybean seeds with high and low nutritional contents.

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Table 2:
Summary of analysis of variance (Pr>Fc), mean square and level of significance for dry matter (DM), atom% ¹⁵N excess, total nitrogen (N %, mg), N derived from fertilizer (Ndff, %, mg) and N derived from seed reserves (Ndsr, %, mg), in the organs of the seedlings (cotyledon, root and shoot) and entire seedling (total) of soybean from seeds with low and high nutritional content, assessed at 2, 6 and 10 days after sowing.

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Table 3:
Dry matter (DM), atom% ¹⁵N excess, total N, N derived from fertilizer (Ndff) and N derived from seed reserves (Ndsr) in the cotyledon (Cot), root (Rs), shoot (S) and entire seedling of soybeans derived from seeds with low and high nutritional content, assessed at 2, 6 and 10 days after sowing.

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Table 4:
Comparison of means of main effects A, D and C for dry matter (DM), atom% 15N excess, N derived from fertilizer (Ndff) and N derived from seed reserves (Ndsr) in the cotyledon (TOC), root (Rs), shoot (S) and entire seedling of soybeans derived from seeds with low and high nutritional content, assessed at 2, 6 and 10 days after sowing.

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Table 5:
Summary of analysis of variance (Pr>Fc), mean square and level of significance for root length (RL), root volume (RV) and shoot length (SL) of soybean seedlings derived from seeds with low and high nutritional content, assessed at 2, 6 and 10 days after sowing.

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Table 6:
Root length (RL), root volume (RV) and shoot length (SL) of soybean seedlings derived from seeds with low and high nutritional content, assessed at two, six and 10 days after sowing.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

Table 1: Characterization of lots of soybean seeds with high and low nutritional contents.

Lot	First Count	Germination	N	P	K	Ca
	(%)		(g kg^-1)			(g mg^-1)
Low	80	89	70.30	3.87	11.75	2.00
High	86	92	81.70	4.07	17.25	2.25

Table 2: Summary of analysis of variance (Pr>Fc), mean square and level of significance for dry matter (DM), atom% ¹⁵N excess, total nitrogen (N %, mg), N derived from fertilizer (Ndff, %, mg) and N derived from seed reserves (Ndsr, %, mg), in the organs of the seedlings (cotyledon, root and shoot) and entire seedling (total) of soybean from seeds with low and high nutritional content, assessed at 2, 6 and 10 days after sowing.

SV	DF	DM (mg)		atom% ¹⁵N excess		Total N (%)		Total N (mg)
		QM	Pr>Fc	QM	Pr>Fc	QM	Pr>Fc	QM	Pr>Fc
Lot (A)	1	1091.14	0.003	0.000	0.016	29.05	0.000	212.43	0.000
Component (D)	2	1220074.41	0.000	0.000	0.000	5.19	0.000	5141.07	0.000
Assessment (C)	2	50800.32	0.000	0.000	0.000	3.61	0.000	88.88	0.000
A × D	2	207.16	0.162	0.000	0.080	0.68	0.028	46.29	0.000
A × C	2	88.55	0.451	0.000	0.088	0.26	0.037	0.121	0.930
D × C	3	75651.43	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.29	0.183	241.03	0.000
A × D × C	3	58.13	0.663	0.000	0.402	0.07	0.741	1.988	0.324
CV(%)		4.73		17.68		6.32		8.83
Mean		220.68		0.0049		6.64		14.64
		Ndff (%)		Ndff (mg)		Ndrs (%)		Ndrs (mg)
		QM	Pr>Fc	QM	Pr>Fc	QM	Pr>Fc	QM	Pr>Fc
Lot (A)	1	0.003	0.015	0.000	0.000	0.003	0.015	211.99	0.000
Component (D)	2	0.126	0.000	0.001	0.000	0.126	0.000	5135.83	0.000
Assessment (C)	2	0.041	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.041	0.000	88.68	0.000
A × D	2	0.001	0.057	0.000	0.081	0.001	0.057	46.30	0.000
A × C	2	0.001	0.099	0.000	0.162	0.001	0.099	0.120	0.928
D × C	3	0.014	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.014	0.000	240.61	0.000
A × D × C	3	0.000	0.419	0.000	0.707	0.000	0.419	1.98	0.325
CV(%)		17.98		18.35		0.023		8.82
Mean		0.129		0.012		99.87		14.63
Entire seedling
FV	DF	DM (mg)		Total N (mg)		Ndff (mg)		Ndrs (mg)
		QM	Pr>Fc	QM	Pr>Fc	QM	Pr>Fc	QM	Pr>Fc
Lot (A)	1	2909.94	0.005	566.47	0.000	0.000	0.000	565.41	0.000
Assessment (D)	2	24678.52	0.000	6.61	0.211	0.000	0.010	6.60	0.210
A × D	2	362.54	0.302	2.62	0.522	0.000	0.034	2.61	0.522
CV(%)		2.85		5.05		12.10		39.01
Mean		588.49		39.04		0.032		5.05

CV= Coefficient of variation; SV= Source of variation; DF= degrees of freedom.

Table 3: Dry matter (DM), atom% ¹⁵N excess, total N, N derived from fertilizer (Ndff) and N derived from seed reserves (Ndsr) in the cotyledon (Cot), root (Rs), shoot (S) and entire seedling of soybeans derived from seeds with low and high nutritional content, assessed at 2, 6 and 10 days after sowing.

Days after sowing	Seedling Component	DM (mg)	atom% ¹⁵N excess	Total N (mg)	Ndff		Ndsr
Days after sowing	Seedling Component	DM (mg)	atom% ¹⁵N excess	Total N (mg)	(%)	(mg)	(%)	(mg)
2	Cot	616.87a¹A²	0.0028bA	37.49aA	0.07bA	0.029aA	99.92aA	37.46aA
	Rs	30.21bC	0.0108aA	1.77bB	0.29aA	0.005bA	99.71bC	1.77bB
	S	#	#	#	#	#	#	#
	Total	647.09A	-	39.27A	-	0.035a	-	39.23A
6	Cot	457.53aB	0.0022cA	31.46aB	0.05cA	0.018aB	99.94aA	31.44aB
	Rs	47.86cB	0.0074aB	3.02cB	0.19aB	0.006cA	99.80cB	3.02cB
	S	76.37bB	0.0059bB	5.33bB	0.15bB	0.008bA	99.84bB	5.32bB
	Total	581.77B	-	39.82A	-	0.034a	-	39.79A
10	Cot	339.03aC	0.0020cA	23.55aC	0.05cA	0.013aC	99.94aA	23.54aC
	Rs	64.62cA	0.0051aC	4.36cA	0.13aC	0.006cA	99.86cA	4.35cA
	S	132.96bA	0.0030bB	10.13bA	0.07bC	0.008bA	99.92bA	10.12bA
	Total	536.62C	-	38.04A	-	0.028B	-	38.01A
Lot	Seedling Component	Total N		Ndrs (mg) Days after sowing	Entire seedling
Lot	Seedling Component	(%)	(mg)		Lot	Ndff (mg)		-
	Cot	5.91bB	27.48aB	27.46aB	2	Low	0.036aA	-
Low	Rs	5.73bB	2.33cB	2.33cB		high	0.034aA	-
	S	6.40aB	6.55bB	6.54bB				-
	Total	-	34.19B	34.16B	6	Low	0.037aA	-
						high	0.030bA
High	Cot	7.34bA	34.19aA	34.17aA				-
	Rs	6.73cA	3.76cA	3.76cA	10	Low	0.035aA	-
	S	8.14aA	8.91bA	8.90bA		high	0.022bB	-
	Total	-	43.90A	43.87A				-

(1, 2) Means followed by the same letter, lowercase letters in the column within the same period of collection and capital letters in the column between collection periods within the same lot, do not differ. # Structure absent at the time of evaluation.

Table 4: Comparison of means of main effects A, D and C for dry matter (DM), atom% 15N excess, N derived from fertilizer (Ndff) and N derived from seed reserves (Ndsr) in the cotyledon (TOC), root (Rs), shoot (S) and entire seedling of soybeans derived from seeds with low and high nutritional content, assessed at 2, 6 and 10 days after sowing.

Lot	DM (mg)	atom% 15N excess	Ndff		%Ndsr
			(%)	(mg)
Low	216.55b2	0.0052a	0.14a	0.02a	99.87a
high	224.81a	0.0043b	0.11b	0.01b	99.86b
Assessment	Total N (%)	-	-	-	-
2	5.95c1	-	-	-	-
6	6.68b	-	-	-	-
10	7.06a	-	-	-	-
Entire seedling
Lot	DM (mg)	Total N (mg)	Ndrs (mg)	-	-	-	-
Low	577.48b	34.19b	34.16b	-	-
high	599.50a	43.90a	43.87a	-	-
	DM (mg)	-	-	-	-
2	647.09a	-	-	-	-
6	581.77b	-	-	-	-
10	536.62c	-	-	-	-

(1, 2) Means followed by the same letter in the column within the same period of collection and lot, do not differ.

Table 5: Summary of analysis of variance (Pr>Fc), mean square and level of significance for root length (RL), root volume (RV) and shoot length (SL) of soybean seedlings derived from seeds with low and high nutritional content, assessed at 2, 6 and 10 days after sowing.

SV	DF	RL (cm)		RV (cm³)		SL (cm)
		Q	Pr>Fc	QM	Pr>Fc	Q	Pr>Fc
Lot (A)	1	49.50	0.012	0.001	0.016	0.238	0.289
Assessment (B)	2	11039.32	0.000	0.590	0.000	7779.00	0.000
A × B	2	12.27	0.545	0.000	0.55	0.401	0.16
CV(%)		10.09			11.46		4.37
Mean		43.88			0.142		10.22

CV= Coefficient of variation; SV= Source of variation; DF= degrees of freedom.

Table 6: Root length (RL), root volume (RV) and shoot length (SL) of soybean seedlings derived from seeds with low and high nutritional content, assessed at two, six and 10 days after sowing.

Days after sowing	Lot		Mean
Days after sowing	Low	High	Mean
--------------------------------RL (cm)--------------------------------
2	2.31	2.33	2.33c¹
6	53.44	57.55	55.50b
10	71.59	76.08	73.84a
Mean	42.45b²	45.35a
--------------------------------RV (cm³)--------------------------------
2	0.040	0.047	0.043c
6	0.170	0.190	0.180a
10	0.190	0.215	0.202a
Mean	0.133b	0.151a
--------------------------------SL (cm)--------------------------------
2	#	#	#
6	11.33	10.62	10.97b
10	19.63	19.75	19.69a
Mean	10.32	10.12

(1, 2) Means followed by the same letter, lowercase letters in the column within the same lot at different assessment times and on the line between the lots, do not differ from each other. # Structure absent at the time of collection.

(1)

{}^{15}N e x c e s s a t o m s (%) = % {}^{15}N a t o m s i n t h e s a m p l e - 0,3663 %

(2)

N d f f (%) = \frac{% {}^{15}N a t o m s e x c e s s i n t h e s a m p l e}{% a t o m {}^{15}N i n f e r t i l i z e r} \times 100

(3)

N d f f (m g) = t o t a l N i n t h e s a m p l e (m g) \times \frac{% {}^{15}N a t o m s e x c e s s i n t h e s a m p l e}{% á t o m {}^{15}N i n f e r t i l i z e r}

(4)

N d r s (%) = 100 - % N d f f

(5)

N d r s (m g) = t o t a l N i n t h e s a m p l e (m g) - N d f f (m g)

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Contribuição do nitrogênio derivado da suplementação mineral em sementes para plântulas de soja

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[1] ^*Corresponding author: martin.ufsm@gmail.com