Egg quality, fatty acids profile, and hatchability of broiler breeders fed diets supplemented with Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA)

Martins, Poliana Carneiro; Araújo, Itallo Conrado Sousa de; Santos, Januária Silva; Carvalho, Fabyola Barros de; Andrade, Maria Auxiliadora; Stringhini, José Henrique

doi:10.1590/1413-7054202448009724

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Animal Science and Veterinary • Ciênc. agrotec. 48 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-7054202448009724 linkcopy

Egg quality, fatty acids profile, and hatchability of broiler breeders fed diets supplemented with Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA)

Qualidade dos ovos, perfil de ácidos graxos da gema e eclodibilidade de matrizes suplementadas com Ácido Linoleico Conjugado (CLA)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) refers to a group of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid. Hens fed a diet supplemented with CLA exhibit increased levels of saturated fatty acids, which may influence the quality characteristics of eggs and the offspring lipid metabolism. The present study, aimed to evaluate the effect of the dietary inclusion of CLA for broiler breeders on the residual yolk sac fatty acid profile, egg quality, and hatchability. Two 58-week-old Cobb500^® broiler breeder commercial flocks were fed diets supplemented with 0% or 0.025% CLA (trans-10, cis-12). After 26 days, 300 eggs from each treatment group were collected, and among these eggs, 30 were subjected to egg quality assessment and egg yolk fatty acid profile analysis. The remaining 270 eggs were subjected to incubation analysis. The quality of the chicks was evaluated at hatch. The residual yolk sac content and weight at hatch were also evaluated. Unhatched eggs were subjected to residual analysis. The supplementation of the breeders’ diet with 0.025% CLA did not influence the incubation parameters and the weight of the chicks at hatch. However, the egg yolk and residual yolk sac fatty acid profile were altered and CLA accumulation was increased in the residual yolk sac at hatch in this treatment group. In conclusion, CLA supplementation in the diet of breeders did not influence the incubation parameters and the weight of the chicks, although it did alter the profiles of omega-6, palmitoleic, linoleic, and arachidonic acids in both egg yolk and residual yolk sac.

Index terms:
Embryonic development; lipid metabolism; breeder nutrition.

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Editora da Universidade Federal de Lavras Editora da UFLA, Caixa Postal 3037 - 37200-900 - Lavras - MG - Brasil, Telefone: 35 3829-1115 - Lavras - MG - Brazil
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[TFN1] ^AMineral supplement - guaranteed levels per kilogram of the product: Manganese 80,000 mg, Zinc 70,000 mg, Iron 40,000 mg, Copper 8,000 mg, and Iodine 1,000 mg. ^BVitamin supplement - guaranteed levels per kilogram of product: Vitamin E 110,000 mg, Vitamin A 14,000 IU, Vitamin D3 3,000 IU, Vitamin K3 6,000 mg, Vitamin B1 3,000 mg, Vitamin B2 12,000 mg, Vitamin B6 6,000 mg, Vitamin B12 30 mg, Niacin 60,000 mg, Pantothenic acid 20,000 mg, Folic acid 4,000 mg, and Biotin 300 mg. ^CEthoxiquim 66.6%, BHA 99%, and citric acid 99.5%. ^DCLA (Lutalin®). ^EPytase enzyme (Natuphos® 10,000).

Ingredient	Control	CLA
Corn	68.17	68.12
Soybean meal 460 g/kg	17.41	17.42
Limestone	7.87	7.87
Caulim	4.00	4.00
Meat and bone meal 410g/kg	1.50	1.50
NaCl	0.22	0.22
Dicalcim phosphate	0.20	0.20
Sodium bicarbonate	0.15	0.15
Mineral supplement^A	0.15	0.15
Vitamin supplement^B	0.10	0.10
Coline	0.08	0.08
DL-methionine	0.08	0.08
L-threonine	0.03	0.03
Anthioxidant^C	0.01	0.01
CLA^D	-	0.04
Enzime^E	0.003	0.003
Calculated analysis (digestible)
Metabolizable Energy (Kcal/kg)	2.736	2.734
Crude protein (%)	13.90	13.90
Linoleic acid (%)	2.50	2.57
dig Lysine (%)	0.60	0.60
dig Methionine and cystine (%)	0.47	0.46
dig Threonine (%)	0.50	0.50
Calcium - Ca (%)	3.29	3.29
Available phosphorum (%)	0.20	0.20
Sodium - Na (%)	0.34	0.34

Composition (%)	Treatments		P-value	SEM
Composition (%)	Control	CLA	P-value	SEM
Monounsaturated fatty acids	1.90 ^b	2.12 ^a	0.040	0.40
Polyunsaturated fatty acids	2.83	2.91	0.366	0.19
Unsaturated fatty acids	4.73	5.03	0.111	1.02
Saturated fatty acids	1.23	1.35	0.077	0.60
Saturated: Unsaturated fatty acids	0.28	0.28	0.373	0.10
Omega-3	0.10	0.09	0.116	0.02
Omega-6	2.72	2.81	0.331	0.34
Omega-9	1.88 ^b	2.10 ^a	0.039	0.07
Fat total	5.96	6.40	0.089	1.04
Fatty acid (%)	Control	CLA	P-value	SEM
Mirystic (C14:0)	0.02	0.02	0.373	0.04
Mirystoleic (C14:1)	0.003	0.003	1.000	0.001
Pentadecanoic (C15:0)	0.006	0.003	0.518	0.007
Palmitic (C16:0)	0.83 ^b	0.93 ^a	0.034	0.27
Palmitoleic (C16:1)	0.02	0.02	1.000	0.004
Margaric (C17:0)	0.01	0.01	0.373	0.009
Steaic (C18:0)	0.28	0.30	0.260	0.03
Oleic (C18:1n9c)	1.86 ^b	2.08 ^a	0.033	0.04
Linoleic (C18:2n6c)	2.72	2.80	0.348	0.04
Alpha-Linolenic (C18:3n3)	0.10	0.09	0.116	0.02
Arachid (C20:0)	0.02	0.03	0.373	0.01
Cis-11-Eicosenoic (C20:1n9)	0.01	0.01	1.000	0.002

Items	Treatments		P-value	SEM
Items	Control	CLA	P-value	SEM
Egg weight (g)	70.68	72.93	0.082	0.87
Eggshell thickness (mm)	0.382	0.373	0.081	0.01
Yolk weight (%)	30.24	31.00	0.151	0.18
Albumen weight (%)	61.27	60.64	0.265	0.27
Eggshell weight (%)	8.46	8.37	0.649	0.15
Haugh unit	78.57	79.78	0.071	2.09

¹Composition (%)	Treatments		P-value	SEM
¹Composition (%)	Control	CLA	P-value	SEM
Monounsaturated fatty acids	27.53 ^a	26.72 ^b	0.002	0.52
Polyunsaturated fatty acids	10.35	10.42	0.605	1.47
Unsaturated fatty acids	37.87 ^a	37.14 ^b	0.001	0.29
Saturated fatty acids	21.73	21.81	0.511	0.68
Saturated: Unsaturated fatty acids	0.57	0.58	0.101	1.00
Omega-3	0.59	0.47	0.480	36.78
Omega-6	9.67 ^b	9.86 ^a	0.005	0.45
Omega-9	25.53	25.27	0.509	1.74
Fat total	59.60 ^a	58.95 ^b	0.011	0.30
¹Fatty acid (%)	Control	CLA	P-value	SEM
Lauric (C12:0)	0.006	0.01	0.373	0.002
Myristic (C14:0)	0.26	0.27	0.373	0.02
Myristoleic (C14:1)	0.06	0.05	0.116	0.01
Pentadecanoic (C15:0)	0.04	0.04	1.000	0.003
Palmitic (C16:0)	16.02	15.94	0.414	0.82
Palmitoleic (C16:1)	1.94 ^a	1.72 ^b	<0.001	0.01
Margaric (C17:0)	0.13 ^b	0.15 ^a	0.007	0.01
Stearic (C18:0)	5.24	5.39	0.021	0.02
Elaidic (C18:1n9t)	0.06	0.06	0.373	0.00
Oleic (C18:1n9c)	25.32 ^a	24.74 ^b	0.005	0.01
Linoleic (C18:2n6c)	7.92 ^b	8.07 ^a	0.009	0.002
Gamma-Linolenic (C18:3n6)	0.10 ^b	0.11 ^a	0.007	0.003
Alpha-Linolenic (C18:3n3)	0.16	0.16	1.000	0.00
Arachid (C20:0)	0.02	0.02	1.000	0.01
Cis-11-Eicosenoic (C20:1n9)	0.14	0.14	0.116	0.001
Cis-11,14 -Eicosenoic (C20:2)	0.09	0.08	0.116	0.006
Cis-8,11,14 - Eicosenoic (C20:3n6)	0.16	0.15	0.116	0.002
Arachidonic (C20:4n6)	1.48 ^b	1.52 ^a	0.001	0.03
Cis-11,14,17-Eicosatrienoic	0.00	0.003	0.373	0.001

Items	Treatments		P-Value	SEM
Items	Control	CLA	P-Value	SEM
¹Fertility (%)	85.0	85.7	0.857	0.43
²Hatchability (%)	72.50	72.08	0.932	0.61
Chick body weight (g)	51.28	51.22	0.825	0.67

Items (%)	Treatments		P-value
Items (%)	Control	CLA	P-value
Infertile	17.39	16.95	1.000
¹Phase I (0-4 d)	10.04	9.00	0.868
¹Phase II (5-17 d)	11.65	11.65	1.000
¹Phase III (18-21 d)	0.43	0.87	1.000
Pipped alive	2.67	3.13	1.000
Contaminated	0.00	0.87	0.498
Abnormality	0.00	0.00	1.000
Cracked eggs	1.32	1.32	1.000
Incorrect position	0.00	0.00	1.000
Total mortality	26.11	26.84	0.930