A half century of a bean breeding program in the South and Alto Paranaíba regions of Minas Gerais

Lemos, Roxane do Carmo; Abreu, Ângela de Fátima Barbosa; Souza, Elaine Aparecida de; Santos, João Bosco dos; Ramalho, Magno Antonio Patto

doi:10.1590/1984-70332020v20n2c27

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Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology

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ARTICLE • Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 20 (2) • Apr-Jun 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332020v20n2c27 copy

A half century of a bean breeding program in the South and Alto Paranaíba regions of Minas Gerais

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The success of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) crops in Brazil is due to the development of new cultivars. The aim of the present study was to critically analyze the fifty years of a bean breeding program at the Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) and estimate the genetic progress (GP) achieved for grain yield. The estimated genetic progress for grain yield was 0.35% per year, which is associated with visible improvement in plant architecture, resistance to some pathogens, and better carioca bean grain quality. The program was found to be efficient, generating 119 theses and 43 dissertations during the period under study. In addition, hundreds of articles have been published, especially studies aimed at improving the efficiency of genetic breeding programs. Over the past few years, partnerships with other public institutions in performing Value for Cultivation and Use tests have resulted in 12 recommended cultivars.

Keywords:
Phaseolus vulgaris; genetic progress; elite lines.

RS program	No. of cycles	GP estimation method	Genetic progress per cycle (%)	References
Grain yield and type	4	Evaluation of lines obtained at the end of each cycle	5.7¹	Ramalho et al. (2005Ramalho MAP, Abreu AFB and Santos JB (2005) Genetic progress after four cycles of recurrent selection for yield and grain traits in common bean. Euphytica 144: 23-29.)
	4	Evaluation of lines obtained at the end of each cycle	10.5²
	8	Evaluation of progenies obtained at the end of each cycle	3.3¹	Silva et al. (2010Silva GS, Ramalho MAP, Abreu AFB and Nunes JAR (2010) Estimation of genetic progress after eight cycles of recurrent selection for common bean grain yield. Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 10: 351-356.)
Grain size and yield	2	Evaluation of S_0:2 progenies of C-V and C-VIII	6.81¹	Pires et al. (2014Pires LPM, Ramalho MAP, Abreu AFB and Ferreira MC (2014) Recurrent mass selection for upright plant architecture in common bean. Scientia Agricola 71: 240-243.)
	2	Evaluation of S_0:2 progenies of C-V and C-VIII	1.62³
	3	Evaluation of S_0:3 and S_0:4 progenies of C-V, C-VIII and C-XII	4.5³	Pereira et al. (2017Pereira LA, Abreu AFB, Vieira Júnior IC, Pires LPM and Ramalho MAP (2017) Genetic progress estimation strategy for upright common bean plants using recurrent selection. Genetics and Molecular Research 16: 1-9.)
Resistance to angular leaf spot	5	Evaluation of S_0:1 progenies of C-I to C-V	6.4¹	Amaro et al. (2007Amaro GB, Abreu AFB, Ramalho MAP and Silva FB (2007) Phenotypic recurrent selection in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with carioca-type grains for resistance to the fungi Phaeoisariopsis griseola. Genetics and Molecular Biology 30: 584-588. )
	5	Evaluation of S_0:1 progenies of C-I to C-V	8.9⁴
	8	Evaluation of S_0:1 and S_3:4 progenies of C-I to C-VIII	2.3¹	Arantes et al. (2010Arantes LO, Abreu AFB and Ramalho MAP (2010) Eight cycles of recurrent selection for resistance to angular leaf spot in common bean. Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 10: 232-237. )
	8	Evaluation of S_0:1 and S_3:4 progenies of C-I to C-VIII	2.5²
	7	Evaluation of the five best lines obtained at the end of each cycle, C-I to C-VII	2.0 to 4.0⁴	Rezende et al. (2014)
Resistance to white mold	7	Evaluation of the best S_0:3 progenies obtained at the end of each cycle, from C-0 to C-VI	11.0⁵	Leite et al. (2016Leite ME, Dias JA, Souza DA, Alves FC, Pinheiro LR and Santos JB (2016) Increasing the resistance of common bean to white mold through recurrent selection. Scientia Agricola 73: 71-78.)

Estimates
b (kg ha^-1 biennium)	16.99
Probability H_o: β = 0	<0.001
R² (%)	17.4
Annual GP (kg ha^-1)	8.5
Mean (kg ha^-1)	2450.17
Annual GP (%)	0.35

Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Fitotecnia, 36570-000 Viçosa - Minas Gerais/Brasil, Tel.: (55 31)3899-2611, Fax: (55 31)3899-2611 - Viçosa - MG - Brazil
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