Effect of selection response for yield related traits in early and later generations of groundnut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.)

Kamdar, Jignesh H.; Jasani, Mital D.; C, Ajay B.; Bera, Sandip Kumar; Georrge, John J.

doi:10.1590/1984-70332020v20n2a31

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ARTICLE • Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 20 (2) • Apr-Jun 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332020v20n2a31 copy

Effect of selection response for yield related traits in early and later generations of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

In the present study, the correlation and presence of genetic interactions were studied in the F₃ and F₅ generations of two groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) crosses. Most of the characters studied were positively skewed and were governed by multiple genes, indicating quantitative inheritance. Variance, skewness, and kurtosis indicate that homozygosity has increased over the generations in both crosses. Cross-B was found to be better than cross-A in providing high-yielding segregants displaying parental diversity. Pod yield per plant and other associated characters, such as plant height, are controlled by complementary action of multiple genes. A shift in correlation coefficients was recorded between the generations, which can be attributed to the difference in gene complementation of linkage blocks and is an indication of the unstable nature of the breeding population. Overall, five lines with superior pod yield were identified, which could be used for varietal development.

Keywords:
Groundnut; Arachis hypogaea L.; skewness; kurtosis; correlation.

		df		Plant Height (cm)		No. of Branches		Plant dry weight (g)		Pod yield per plant (g)		Number of pods per plant
Sources of variance	Crosses	F₃	F₅	F₃	F₅	F₃	F₅	F₃	F₅	F₃	F₅	F₃	F₅
Replication	Cross-A	2	2	15.67	25.87	0.17	14.82	4.26	59.96	0.15	11.57	0.71	8.71
	Cross-B	2	2	13.59	9.37	0.55	2.16	71.53	13.63	1.72	1.79	6.71*	2.90
Genotypes	Cross-A	20	134	42.77*	99.84*	1.46*	9.78*	194.80*	142.05*	18.39*	24.14*	28.13*	48.97*
	Cross-B	3	28	16.98*	167.76*	2.60*	5.67*	394.55	171.43*	19.76*	33.55*	29.58*	33.23*
Error	Cross-A	40	268	8.32	11.41	0.69	1.60	39.73	33.64	2.69	6.87	4.71	14.53
	Cross-B	6	56	3.41	10.07	0.50	0.96	166.07	30.50	1.26	4.56	1.27	8.16

		Skewness		Kurtosis		Variance
Traits	Generations	Cross-A	Cross-B	Cross-A	Cross-B	Cross-A	Cross-B
Plant height (cm)	F₃	0.45	1.61	0.43	2.41	14.21	5.70
Plant height (cm)	F₅	0.19	-0.32	-0.03	-0.72	34.83	60.13
No. of branches	F₃	-0.68	-0.43	0.72	0.25	0.49	0.86
No. of branches	F₅	0.54	0.16	0.45	-0.42	3.24	2.14
Plant dry weight (g)	F₃	0.42	1.71	1.16	2.86	64.93	131.90
Plant dry weight (g)	F₅	0.70	0.31	1.04	-0.25	46.76	66.64
Pod yield per plant (g)	F₃	0.82	0.00	0.85	-5.99	6.16	6.75
Pod yield per plant (g)	F₅	1.13	0.08	2.41	-0.51	8.52	10.97
No. of pods per plant	F₃	0.49	-0.12	-0.27	-5.24	9.35	9.80
F₅	1.44	0.10	4.41	-0.36	16.56	11.74

		Plant Height (cm)		No. of Branches		Plant dry weight (g)		Pod yield per plant (g)		No. of Pods per plant
Traits	Crosses	F₃	F₅	F₃	F₅	F₃	F₅	F₃	F₅	F₃	F₅
Plant Height	Cross-A	1	1
	Cross-B	1	1
No. of Branches	Cross-A	0.45*	-0.10	1	1
	Cross-B	0.54	-0.01	1	1
Plant dry weight (g)	Cross-A	0.72*	0.13	0.15	0.72*	1	1
	Cross-B	0.90	0.09	0.77	0.72*	1	1
Pod yield per plant (g)	Cross-A	0.53*	0.10	0.14	0.43*	0.27	0.66*	1	1
	Cross-B	-0.42	-0.14	-0.84	0.11	-0.48	-0.24	1	1
No. of Pods per plant	Cross-A	0.59*	-0.04	0.29	0.35*	0.27	0.51*	0.95*	0.87*	1	1
	Cross-B	-0.30	-0.10	-0.77	0.22	-0.34	-0.08	0.98*	0.94*	1	1

	Pod yield per plant (g)
Genotypes	Spanish bunch	Virginia bunch
1	14.44	-
2	14.22	-
3	14.11	-
4	-	17.50
5	-	17.00
TG37A (SB check)	8.6	-
JL501 (SB check)	7.0	-
GJG32 (VB check)	-	12.0
SE	1.34	1.67
CD (@5%)	3.74	4.66
CV (%)	31.17	33.35

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