Heritability of morpho-agronomic traits in ornamental pepper

Nascimento, Mayana Ferreira; Rêgo, Elizanilda Ramalho do; Nascimento, Naysa Flávia Ferreira do; Leite, Pakizza Sherma da Silva; Finger, Fernando Luiz; Bruckner, Claudio Horst; Rêgo, Mailson Monteiro do

doi:10.1590/1984-70332019v19n3a36

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Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology

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ARTICLE • Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 19 (03) • Jul-Sep 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332019v19n3a36 copy

Heritability of morpho-agronomic traits in ornamental pepper

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This study was conducted to identify the allelic interactions and genetic effects involved in genetic control of quantitative traits in Capsicum annuum. Six generations (P₁, P₂, F₁, F₂, BC₁ and BC₂) were used to study the variances, means and allelic interactions of 16 quantitative traits evaluated. The additive part of the phenotypic variance found for plant height, number of peppers per plant, days to flowering and days to fruiting lead to the conclusion that phenotypic selection in the F₂ generation are likely effective in obtaining genetic gains. According to the reduced model, the traits of canopy width, fruit width and number of seeds per fruit were not influenced by epistatic effects, but only by additive and dominant effects, which allows selection of superior individuals in segregating generations or improvement of these traits by means of hybridization.

Keywords:
Chilli; full model; additive-dominant model; breeding

G	P1		P2		F1		F2		BC1		BC2
	M	SE	M	SE	M	SE	M	SE	M	SE	M	SE
PH	28.0	0.03	26.3	0.66	29.0	1.41	23.93	0.41	17.66	0.48	17.88	0.44
CW	30.2	0.2	12.6	1.20	27.8	2.8	28.09	0.47	25.07	0.57	23.77	0.66
FBH	14.3	0.18	12.66	0.33	12.1	1.70	10.29	0.30	8.50	0.39	8.4	0.37
SW	0.52	0.01	0.62	0.04	0.58	0.01	0.46	0.01	0.63	0.01	0.56	0.01
LL	6.61	0.06	7.33	0.16	5.66	0.37	6.04	0.11	7.68	0.17	6.41	0.09
LW	3.12	0.02	3.66	0.16	2.56	0.06	1.92	0.02	2.16	0.03	2.02	0.03
CL	1.53	0.01	1.9	0.05	1.53	0.11	1.74	0.01	1.58	0.02	1.58	0.02
F_RW	0.22	0.04	1.37	0.40	1.55	0.15	1.16	0.03	0.81	0.06	0.69	0.04
F_RL	0.87	0.05	3.84	0.53	3.56	0.12	2.99	0.06	1.97	0.09	2.27	0.08
F_RD	0.66	0.04	0.66	0.15	0.92	0.02	0.90	0.01	0.84	0.01	0.72	0.02
PT	0.11	0.01	0.15	0.01	0.12	0.01	0.12	0.01	0.09	0.01	0.07	0.01
DMC	19.7	0.63	22.84	3.32	15.83	0.28	17.35	0.36	19.89	0.35	15.67	0.62
SYF	17.6	4.66	16.33	6.11	54.0	5.59	29.40	1.41	23.65	1.78	30.80	1.61
FYP	20.0	0.57	15.0	0.57	28.2	2.0	69.91	2.0	36.84	2.19	49.04	1.91
DF_L	89.0	0.57	95.0	0.57	91.0	0.70	50.91	0.64	38.65	0.72	39.79	0.72
DF_R	135	0.57	132.0	0.57	124.4	0.67	97.02	0.85	73.38	1.07	79.44	0.61

	TRAIT	$σ_{f}^{2}$	$σ_{m}^{2}$	$σ_{g}^{2}$	$σ_{a}^{2}$	$σ_{d}^{2}$	$h_{b}^{2}$	$h_{n}^{2}$ (%) %
P L A N T	Plant height	25.427	5.334	20.092	18.548	1.544	79.02	72.94
	Canopy width	33.043	21.213	11.830	9.371	2.458	35.80	28.36
	First bifurcation height	13.512	7.384	6.128	5.499	0.629	45.35	40.69
	Stem width	0.009	0.002	0.007	0.0006	0.006	75.37	6.97
	Leaf length	1.736	0.375	1.361	0.582	0.779	78.40	33.53
	Leaf width	0.100	0.030	0.069	0.014	0.055	69.7	14.10
	Corolla length	0.041	0.032	0.008	0.006	0.001	20.93	16.82
	Days to flowering	0.215	0.184	0.030	0.006	0.024	97.12	73.65
F R U I T	Fruit weight	0.642	0.251	0.390	0.091	0.299	14.31	2.82
	Fruit length	0.035	0.020	0.015	0.008	0.006	60.83	14.25
	Fruit width	0.058	0.047	0.010	0.007	0.003	42.76	23.31
	Pericarp thickness	0.194	0.181	0.012	0.006	0.005	33.31	1.59
	Fruit dry matter content	0.006	0.004	0.002	0.0007	0.001	55.89	4.47
	Seed yield per fruit	593.376	10.6	582.776	564.412	18.364	58.09	55.01
	Fruit yield per plant	60.911	1.75	59.161	44.865	14.296	98.21	95.11
	Days to fruiting	107.129	1.65	105.479	103.346	2.133	98.45	96.46

	ADDITIVE-DOMINANT MODEL
Effect	PH (R²)	CW (R²)	FBH (R²)	SW (R²)	LL (R²)	LW (R²)
m	26.73**(97.06)	23.95**(93.21)	13.47**(95.49)	0.49**(98.98)	6.82**(99.72)	2.56**(94.47)
d	1.29**(0.22)	6.10**(6.32)	0.80**(0.37)	0.02**(0.36)	-0.16*(0.05)	0.43**(3.0)
h	-11.29**(2.70)	3.75**(0.45)	-8.03**(4.12)	0.07**(0.65)	-0.82**(0.21)	-0.80**(2.51)
Total (%)	1.01	81.7	21.1	2.31	30.43	9.5
Effect	CL (R²)	F_RW (R²)	F_RL (R²)	F_RD (R²)	PT (R²)	DMC (R²)
m	1.65**(99.47)	0.12(2.67)	1.38**(52.57)	0.70**(95.07)	0.10**(73.38)	18.72**(97.10)
d	-0.11**(0.52)	0.12(2.97)	-0.48**(6.63)	0.06*(0.93)	0.03**(26.43)	2.72**(1.78)
h	-.007 (0.0003)	1.61**(94.35)	2.25**(40.79)	0.24**(3.99)	-0.01 (0.18)	-2.59**(1.11)
Total (%)	53.8	16.7	38.3	71.1	4.4	6.8
Effect		SYF (R²)	FYP (R²)	DF_L (R²)	DF_R (R²)
m		13.81**(40.94)	18.52**(81.53)	79.83**(97.40)	123.19**(98.61)
d		-4.48*(10.45)	2.18**(1.13)	-3.06**(0.14)	4.56**(0.13)
h		29.84**(48.59)	34.41**(17.32)	-25.32**(2.45)	-27.23**(1.25)
Total (%)		84.1	14.6	6.8	11.0

FULL MODEL
	T/E	m (R²)	d (R²)	h (R²)	i (R²)	j (R²)	l (R²)
P L A N T	PH	51.82**(47)	0.85 (0.52)	-88.74**(21.53)	-24.64**(10.96)	-2.14 (0.17)	65.92**(19.46)
	CW	36.13**(37.84)	8.76**(42.41)	-23.81*(2.16)	-14.70**(6.61)	-14.93**(9.96)	15.47 (0.98)
	FBH	20.89**(54.91)	0.85*(6.68)	-33.59**(19.33)	-7.37**(6.93)	-1.49 (0.56)	24.80**(11.55)
	SW	0.04 (0.29)	-0.04 (1.58)	1.14**(26.07)	0.52**(49.73)	0.23*(6.36)	-0.60**(15.94)
	LL	2.97**(11.48)	-0.36*(7.62)	9.60**(17.87)	3.99**(21.28)	3.26**(26.10)	-6.92**(15.62)
	LW	2.72**(59.21)	-0.27*(2.36	-3.01**(10.12)	0.67**(4.81)	0.83*(4.02)	2.85**(19.45)
	CL	2.34**(79.17)	-0.18**(6.54)	-1.60**(4.68)	-0.62**(6.05)	0.34*(2.36)	0.79*(1.16)
	DF_L	138.78**(29.62)	-3.0**(0.91)	-303.67**(23.52)	-46.78**(3.41)	3.72 (0.04)	255.89**(42.46)
F R U I T	F_RW	2.43**(34.12)	-0.57*(4.08)	-4.20**(12.80)	-1.63**(29.14)	1.38*(5.12)	3.32**(14.71)
	F_RL	5.81**(38.84)	-1.48**(7.23)	-9.05**(12.74)	-3.46**(21.11)	2.37*(3.79)	6.79**(16.26)
	F_RD	1.14**(68.21)	0.003 (0.001)	-0.74 (3.80)	-0.47**(22.28)	0.23 (1.35)	0.52 (4.33)
	PT	0.29**(47.37)	-0.01 (0.68)	-0.50**(17.88)	-0.16**(19.98)	0.08**(2.87)	0.33**(11.19)
	DMC content	19.56**(81.73)	-1.55 (1.29)	-5.12 (0.74)	1.72 (1.05)	11.54*(15.03)	1.39 (0.13)
	SYF	25.68*(47.65)	0.66 (0.15)	-13.45 (1.82)	-8.68 (6.92)	-15.63^ns(14.96)	41.76 (28.47)
	FYP	125.41**(42.96)	2.5**(42.96)	-124.75**(7.37)	-107.91**(31.86)	-29.40**(6.75)	27.54 (0.94)
	DF_R	215.91**(38.85)	1.5*(0.20)	-384.07**(21.37)	-82.41**(5.71)	-15.11**(0.51)	292.55**(33.35)

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[1] *E-mail: mayana.f.nascimento@gmail.com