The text comprehends one study about the practices of the infancy militarism, that is practices of patriotism nature, civil - military practices that predominate during the primary education, in the beginning of XX century. In this sense, it remarks the introduction of the discipline "military gymnastic and exercises" in the educational curriculum and its implications in the face of the infancy battalion formation. It also analyses the school scouts, the effervescent movement in São Paulo state during the 1910s and 1920s, identified as one expression of militarism and nationalism on the Brazilian education. Manuscript sources were found and used to carry out this investigation in the Estado de S. Paulo newspaper files and educational journals from that time.