<i>Trema micrantha</i> (L.) Blume. IN PLANTATIONS FOR ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION: EARLY DEVELOPMENT IN THE BRAZILIAN SUBTROPICAL FOREST

Stolarski, Oiliam Carlos; Gorenstein, Mauricio Romero; Lubke, Marcos; Lubke, Lucas; O’Connor, Paula Helena Pereira; Bechara, Fernando Campanhã

doi:10.5902/1980509833351

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Nota Técnica • Ciênc. Florest. 28 (03) • Jul-Sep 2018 • https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509833351 copy

Trema micrantha (L.) Blume. IN PLANTATIONS FOR ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION: EARLY DEVELOPMENT IN THE BRAZILIAN SUBTROPICAL FOREST

Trema micrantha (L.) Blume. EM PLANTAÇÕES PARA RESTAURAÇÃO ECOLÓGICA: DESENVOLVIMENTO INICIAL NA FLORESTA SUBTROPICAL BRASILEIRA

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The understanding of silviculture of native species in a determined region is fundamental for the selection of more appropriate species for using in ecological restoration. Trema micrantha (Cannabaceae), a pioneer species which is widely distributed, shading and attractive to birds, is intensively planted in restoration projects of the southeastern Brazilian Atlantic Forest. In order to get information regarding to the performance of this species in subtropical forests (subject to the yearly frosts), we analyzed its early growth in a planting carried out with 70 native tree species in 3 x 2 m spacing in four plots of 40 x 54 m. Semiannually, we collected data of 72 individuals of Trema micrantha. These data were statistically analyzed using the Statistical Software Assistat-beta submitted to Tukey test (p<0.05) and graphically described by R. Trema micrantha showed excellent performance at 3.5 years of age in root collar diameter (12.01 ± 5.24 cm), total height (5.95 ± 1.44 m), crown projection area (22.56 ± 11.26 m²) and crown volume (61.34 ± 37.46 m³), enduring severe frosts with a yearly survival rate of 78%. Based on the results obtained, and considering that this species has broad natural distribution, we recommend its extensive use also in forestry restoration projects in the subtropical regions of Brazil.

Keywords:
tropical forestry; early growth; reforestation; pioneer species

Table 1 Mathematical models tested for adjustment of growth data of Trema micrantha, 3.5 years old, Dois Vizinhos - PR state, Brazil

Model	Mathematical function	Growth rate
Chapman-Richards	$W = A (1 - {b e}^{- k t}$	$\partial W / \partial t = k (A - W)$
Logistic	$W = \frac{A}{1 + b e^{- k t}}$	$\partial W / \partial t = \frac{K W (A - W)}{A}$
Gompertz	$W = A e^{- b e^{- k t}}$	$\partial W / \partial t = k W \ln (\frac{A}{W})$

Table 2 Trema micrantha dendrometric data at 3.5 years old in a plantation, Dois Vizinhos - PR state, southern Brazil

Variables	Time (months)
Variables	6		12		18		24		30		36		42
dc (cm)	3.31	e	1.33	f	5.49	d	7.91	c	9.12	bc	10.54	ab	12.01	a
CV(%)	44.11		98.16		32.62		40.19		41.56		48.31		43.60
ht (m)	1.53	e	0.82	f	3.08	d	3.91	c	4.65	b	4.21	bc	5.95	a
CV(%)	39.20		31.12		27.39		36.32		31.90		40.52		24.15
sc (m²)	1.12	e	0.21	e	6.03	d	12.08	c	17.61	b	10.05	c	22.56	a
CV(%)	89.68		82.91		54.98		59.56		60.75		68.16		49.92
vc (m³)	1.08	e	0.11	e	14.96	d	33.53	c	46.67	b	25.41	cb	61.34	a
CV(%)	123.82		111.51		71.17		77.45		68.54		77.45		61.07
N	63		58		61		66		71		71		71

Table 3 Statistical parameters of the model adjusted to estimate the growth in rootcollar diameter (cm) total height (m) and crown area for Trema micrantha, 3.5 years old, Dois Vizinhos - PR state, Brazil

Variables	a	t value	B	t value	k	t value	N	Syx	Syx (%)	rate / month
Root collar diameter	84.22	0,409 ns	0.9979	212,729 ***	0.0035	0,376 ns	454	33.66	48.09	0.25 cm
Height	19.32	1,225 ns	0.994314	88,741 ***	0.008099	1,006 ns	454	1.376	39.48	0.12 m
Crown area	513.6	0,109 ns	1.007	14,601 ***	0.001123	0,107 ns	466	8.059	78.17	0.56 m²

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Av. Roraima, 1.000, 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brasil, Tel. : (55 55)3220-8444 r.37, Fax: (55 55)3220-8444 r.22 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: cienciaflorestal@ufsm.br

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[TFN1] Where in: W = organism size at time t; A = asymptotic value that the organism can achieve; K = relative measure of the growth rate of the organism; B = usually without biological significance, reflecting only the choice of time zero; t = age.