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Toulmin's argumentative model and science education: an argued review

This paper critically reviews the research that has used Toulmin’s model as a theoretical framework to study reasoning in science classes. Special emphasis is placed on reviewing the indexed literature, presenting the main findings of the studies, their scope and limitations. Some trends are identified, and the educational significance of the research on the subject is discussed. Various issues that emerge in this field are also analyzed. Finally, the literature as a whole is reviewed, identifying unsolved matters that offer opportunities for future research.

Toulmin Model; Argument; Science education; Research; Science teaching


Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação para a Ciência, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências, campus de Bauru. Av. Engenheiro Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14-01, Campus Universitário - Vargem Limpa CEP 17033-360 Bauru - SP/ Brasil , Tel./Fax: (55 14) 3103 6177 - Bauru - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revista@fc.unesp.br