The selectivity of Brazilian penitentiary system and the profile of the incarcerated population: An opportune debate

Monteiro, Felipe Mattos; Cardoso, Gabriela Ribeiro

doi:10.15448/1984-7289.2013.1.12592

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Dossiê: Violência e Sociedade • Civitas, Rev. Ciênc. Soc. 13 (1) • Jan-Apr 2013 • https://doi.org/10.15448/1984-7289.2013.1.12592 copy

The selectivity of Brazilian penitentiary system and the profile of the incarcerated population: An opportune debate

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract:

The debate on crime and public security in Brazil is very wide and surrounded by controversies in public discussions. Regarding the penitentiary system, the studies highlight its fragility and selectivity. Therefore, this paper aims to draw a profile of the incarcerated in the Brazilian states during the period 2005 to 2010, taking into consideration several issues broadly discussed in the literature such as age, educational level of the prisoner, the color, the total fulfillment of the sentence, the level of recidivism, the age group and committed crime. Thereafter, we developed the analysis of correlation and regression between the rate of the prison population and the types of crimes to approach the relationship between the two factors. We conclude that what has occurred in Brazil is the privilege of a “repressive” action rather than a “preventive”, which contributes to the increase in prison population without an impact on crime rates.

Keywords:
Penitentiary system; Selectivity; Public safety

Model		Unstandardized coefficients		Standardized coeffcients	t	Sig.
Model		B	Std. Error	Beta	t	Sig.
1	(Constant)	82,797	25,591	0,706	3,235	0,004
1	Tentativa de homicídios	4,568	1,001	0,706	4,564	0,000

Model		Beta	t	Sig.	Partial Correlation	Collinearity Statistcs
Model		Beta	t	Sig.	Partial Correlation	Tolerance
1	Crimes violentos não letais	0,333^a a Predictores in the model: (Constant), tentativa de homicídios.	0,868	0,395	0,191	0,164
	Delitos de trânsito	0,194^b b Dependent variable: Taxa de encarceramento 2006.	1,064	0,300	0,231	0,714
	Delitos envolvendo drogas	0,277^a a Predictores in the model: (Constant), tentativa de homicídios.	1,509	0,147	0,320	0,669
	Lesões corporais	0,154^a a Predictores in the model: (Constant), tentativa de homicídios.	0,751	0,461	0,166	0,584
	Estupro	0,157^a a Predictores in the model: (Constant), tentativa de homicídios.	0,830	0,416	0,182	0,680
	Atentado violento ao pudor	0,133^b b Dependent variable: Taxa de encarceramento 2006.	0,754	0,460	0,166	0,780
	Furto	0,282^a a Predictores in the model: (Constant), tentativa de homicídios.	1,493	0,151	0,317	0,634

		Taxa de encarceramento 2006	Crimes violentos letais	Crimes violentos não letais	Delitos de Trânsito	Delitos envolvendo drogas	Homicídios dolosos	Tentativa de homicídios	Lesões corporais	Estupro	Atentado violento ao pudor	Extorsão mediante sequestro	Furto
Taxa de encarceramento 2006	Pearson Correlation	1	,129	,700^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,516^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed);	,591^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,129	,706^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,545^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,506^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed);	,435^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed);	,123	,605^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
	Sig. (2-tailed)		,558	,000	,012	,003	,556	,000	,007	,014	,038	,576	,002
Crimes violentos letais	Pearson correlation	,129	1	-,119	-,168	-,032	,995^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,047	-,243	-,337	-,245	-,268	-,290
	Sig. (2-tailed)	,558		,588	,443	,884	,000	,831	,264	,116	,259	,216	,180
Crimes violentos não letais	Pearson correlation	,700^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	-,119	1	,710^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,656^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	-,106	,914^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,799^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,829^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,760^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,394	,773^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
	Sig. (2-tailed)	,000	,588		,000	,001	,630	,000	,000	,000	,000	,063	,000
Delitos de trânsito	Pearson correlation	,516^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed);	-,168	,710^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	1	,707^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	-,185	,534^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,610^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,678^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,742^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,320	,802^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
	Sig. (2-tailed)	,012	,443	,000		,000	,398	,009	,002	,000	,000	,136	,000
Delitos envolvendo drogas	Pearson correlation	,591^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	-,032	,656^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,707^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	1	-,034	,576^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,745^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,516^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed);	,602^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,009	,832^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
	Sig. (2-tailed)	,003	,884	,001	,000		,877	,004	,000	,012	,002	,966	,000
Homicídios dolosos	Pearson correlation	,129	,995^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	-,106	-,185	-,034	1	,066	-,241	-,340	-,238	-,240	-,309
	Sig. (2-tailed)	,556	,000	,630	,398	,877		,766	,267	,113	,275	,270	,152
Tentativa de homicídios	Pearson correlation	,706^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,047	,914^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,534^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,576^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,066	1	,645^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,566^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,469^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed);	,337	,605^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
	Sig. (2-tailed)	,000	,831	,000	,009	,004	,766		,001	,005	,024	,116	,002
Lesões corporais	Pearson correlation	,545^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	-,243	,799^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,610^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,745^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	-,241	,645^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	1	,777^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,717^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,078	,786^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
	Sig. (2-tailed)	,007	,264	,000	,002	,000	,267	,001		,000	,000	,723	,000
Estupro	Pearson correlation	,506^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed);	-,337	,829^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,678^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,516^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed);	-,340	,566^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,777^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	1	,796^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,252	,755^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
	Sig. (2-tailed)	,014	,116	,000	,000	,012	,113	,005	,000		,000	,246	,000
Atentado violento ao pudor	Pearson correlation	,435^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed);	-,245	,760^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,742^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,602^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	-,238	,469^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed);	,717^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,796^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	1	,438^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed);	,734^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
	Sig. (2-tailed)	,038	,259	,000	,000	,002	,275	,024	,000	,000		,037	,000
Extorsão mediante sequestro	Pearson correlation	,123	-,268	,394	,320	,009	-,240	,337	,078	,252	,438^* * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed);	1	,213
	Sig. (2-tailed)	,576	,216	,063	,136	,966	,270	,116	,723	,246	,037		,329
Furto	Pearson correlation	,605^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	-,290	,773^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,802^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,832^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	-,309	,605^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,786^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,755^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,734^ Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).	,213	1
	Sig. (2-tailed)	,002	,180	,000	,000	,000	,152	,002	,000	,000	,000	,329

Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul Av. Ipiranga, 6681 - Partenon, Cep: 90619-900, Tel: +55 51 3320 3681 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
E-mail: civitas@pucrs.br

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[1] Autor correspondente: Felipe Mattos Monteiro, Rua Santana, 1690 - Centro 85301-200 Laranjeiras do Sul, PR