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Path analysis on maize spikes characteristics related of the hybrid type

The weight of grains is one of the decisive components of the income of corn yield, and presents complex relationships with several morphologic characteristics of the maize spikes. The objective of this research was to verify if the grain weight of the maize spikes is related directly or indirectly with the morphologic characteristics of the spikes and if this relationship depends on the type of hybrid: single, triple or double. The maize experiment was accomplished in the year 2004/2005, in Santa Maria’s Federal University, with six treatments, that were composed of two single hybrids, two triple hybrids and two double hybrids. The experiment design was a randomized complete block with three replications. The plot was of two lines with five meters length with 0.8m between lines and density of 55,000 plants ha-1. The correlations between the morphologic characteristics of the maize spikes and the weight of grains were outspread in direct and indirect effects. The number of grains lines by spike is correlated with grains weight just in the double hybrid (0.5298) and this correlation is due to the positive indirect effect of the number of grains by spike (0.8875) and negative for weight of 100 grains (-0.3795). The selection of spikes with larger weight of 100 grains and larger number of grains by spike has direct effect on the increase of the grain weight by spike for single and triple hybrid, but in the double hybrid, the number of grains by spike just has direct effect on grains weight. The relationships among the maize spikes characteristics are dependent of the genotypes, what should complicate a little more the job of the crop breeding when selecting genotypes for larger grain weight by spike.

path analysis; genotypes; correlation


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