Soil enzymatic activity under coffee cultivation with different water regimes associated to liming and intercropped brachiaria

Rodrigues, Raquel Nogueira; Reis Junior, Fábio Bueno dos; Lopes, André Alves de Castro; Rocha, Omar Cruz; Guerra, Antônio Fernando; Veiga, Adriano Delly; Mendes, Ieda de Carvalho

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20200532

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SOIL SCIENCE • Cienc. Rural 52 (3) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20200532 copy

Soil enzymatic activity under coffee cultivation with different water regimes associated to liming and intercropped brachiaria

Atividade enzimática de solo sob cultivo de café com diferentes regimes hídricos associados a calagem e braquiária nas entrelinhas

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

This research evaluated the effects of coffee cultivation with two different water regimes associated or not with liming and the presence/absence of brachiaria as intercrop on the activities of the soil enzymes β-glucosidase, arylsulfatase and acid phosphatase. The study was carried out at the experimental farm of Embrapa Cerrados, using the cultivar IAC 144 (Coffea arabica L.), under a clayey dystrophic Cerrado Oxisol. Two water regimes (WR) were considered, WR1 with irrigation shifts throughout the year and WR3 with controlled water stress, for about 70 days, in the dry season. In each water regime, effects of lime application (with/without) and the presence/absence of brachiaria cultivated between the lines of coffee plants were evaluated. The activities of the enzymes β-glucosidase, arylsulfatase and acid phosphatase were evaluated during the rainy and dry seasons. Liming and intercropped brachiaria positively affected the activities of the three enzymes assessed in this study at varying degrees, depending on season and/or the WR. Our findings evidenced that intercropped brachiaria in coffee rows was the factor that most positively impacted soil enzymes activities.

Key words:
Coffea arabica; Urochloa decumbens; β-glucosidase; arylsulfatase; acid phosphatase

--------------------------------------------------------------------------Arylsulfatase---------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------µgp- nitrophenol g^-1 soil h^-1-----------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------WR----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Management system	WR1	WR3
With brachiaria	175 aA	114 bA
Without brachiaria	106 aB	79 bB
------------------------------------------------------------------------Acid phosphatase------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------µgp- nitrophenol g^-1 soil h^-1--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------WR---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Management system	WR1	WR3
With brachiaria	923 aA	990 aA
Without brachiaria	922 aA	787 bB

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais , 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil , Tel.: +55 55 3220-8698 , Fax: +55 55 3220-8695 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: cienciarural@mail.ufsm.br

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[1] E-mail: fabio.reis@embrapa.br. ^*Corresponding author

------------------Treatments-----------------			Al	H+Al	Ca	Mg	pH	SOM	P	K
WR	Lime	Brachiaria	------------------(cmol_c kg^-1)-----------------					g kg^-1	------------mg kg^-1----------
WR1	+	+	0.05	7.28	4.48	1.70	6.01	4.68	155.36	293.33
WR1	+	-	0.05	6.71	4.73	1.77	6.00	4.34	151.49	226.67
WR1	-	+	0.17	9.06	3.48	0.72	5.36	4.62	172.33	231.67
WR1	-	-	0.26	9.99	3.47	0.72	5.19	4.54	142.38	158.33
WR3	+	+	0.04	6.44	4.33	1.93	5.94	4.30	195.03	256.67
WR3	+	-	0.03	6.26	4.33	1.80	5.99	3.78	111.93	215.33
WR3	-	+	0.12	8.38	3.28	0.85	5.43	3.94	195.53	206.67
WR3	-	-	0.15	8.27	2.91	0.68	5.38	3.82	155.38	230.67

Sources of variation	-------β-glucosidase--------		--------Acid phosphatase--------			--------Arylsulfatase--------
Principal Effects	F	p	F	p	F	p
WR	2.91	0.0982	0.33	0.5706	2.68	0.1117
Lime	21.30	0.0001	5.98	0.0206	20.63	0.0001
Management system	62.91	0.0001	0.53	0.4821	37.23	0.0017
------------------------------------------------------------------------Interactions--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A - WR x Lime	0.78	0.3836	0.00	0.9989	1.78	0.1925
B - WR x System	0.95	0.3363	13.34	0.0010	0.99	0.3284
C - Lime x System	8.01	0.0082	0.17	0.6816	4.91	0.0345
D - WR x Lime x System	6.13	0.0192	2.91	0.0984	0.86	0.3610

Sources of variation	(-glucosidase	Acid phosphatase	Arylsulfatase
-------------------------------------------------------------µgp- nitrophenol g^-1 soil h^-1-----------------------------------------------------------------------
WR1	146^ns	618^ns	113^ns
WR3	140^ns	628^ns	106^ns
With lime	151 a	646 a	119 a
Without lime	135 b	600 b	100 b
With brachiaria	163 a	630^ns	130 a
Without brachiaria	123 b	616^ns	89 b

---------------------------------------------------------------------------β-glucosidase-------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------µgp- nitrophenol g^-1 soil h^-1---------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Lime--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Management system	With	Without
With brachiaria	176 aA	151 bA
Without brachiaria	127 aB	120 aB
--------------------------------------------------------------------------Arylsulfatase---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------µgp- nitrophenol g^-1 soil h^-1--------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Lime---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Management system	With	Without
With brachiaria	145 aA	115 bA
Without brachiaria	94 aB	84 aB
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Acid phosphatase------------------------------------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------------------------µgp- nitrophenol g^-1 soil h^-1-----------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------WR----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Management system	WR1	WR3
With brachiaria	590 bA	671 aA
Without brachiaria	645 aA	586 bB

Sources of variation	--------β-glucosidase-------		--------Acid phophatase------		----------Arylsulfatase--------
Principal Effects	F	p	F	p	F	p
WR	0.86	0.3589	0.78	0.3845	52.51	0.0001
Lime	3.94	0.0550	1.39	0.2478	16.47	0.0003
Management system	70.89	0.0001	2.79	0.1559	50.26	0.0001
---------------------------------------------------------------------------Interactions----------------------------------------------------------------------------
A - WR x Lime	2.65	0.1125	1.13	0.2954	1.65	0.2092
B - WR x System	1.98	0.1686	6.68	0.0148	7.60	0.0098
C - Lime x System	0.02	0.8754	0.59	0.4470	0.00	0.9488
D - WR x Lime x System	0.23	0.6320	3.89	0.0577	0.03	0.8691

Fontes de Variação	β-glucosidase	Acid phosphatase	Arylsulfatase
------------------------------------------------------------------µgp- nitrophenol g^-1 soil h^-1------------------------------------------------------------------
WR1	123^ns	923^ns	141 a
WR3	118^ns	888^ns	96 b
With lime	127^ns	882^ns	131 a
Without lime	114^ns	929^ns	106 b
With brachiaria	147 a	957^ns	145 a
Without brachiaria	94 b	855^ns	92 b