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Physical-hidric quality and soybean (Glycine max L.) and black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) yield of a Rhodic Paleudalf under different tillage systems

The physical-hidric quality has been affected by the compaction process that soils are being undergone in different agricultural systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical-hydric quality of a Rhodic Paleudalf undergone to different tillages. One experiment with soybean and two with black bean were installed using a completely randomized experimental design. Seven compaction levels were tested in the agricultural year of 2004/2005: NT= no tillage since 1989; NT PLOW1 = no tillage that received a chisel plough in december of 2004; NTPLOW2 = no tillage that received a chisel plough in december of 2002 and february of 2004; NT COMP1 = no tillage with four passes of a buck loader of 10Mg in december of the 2001/2002; NT COMP2 = no tillage with four passes of a buck loader of 10Mg in december of 2002/2003; NT COMP3 = no tillage with four passes of a buck loader of 10Mg in december of the agricultural year 2001/2002 and 2002/2003 and CT = conventional tillage. The largest changes in the physical-hidric quality were observed in the conventional and no tillage that received additional compaction in two agricultural years (NT COMP3). No tillage (NT) presented the best physical-hidric conditions of soil and stayed longer within the volumetric moisture range considered ideal for crop development. The hydraulic conductivity of saturated soil did not differ among the treatments. Soybean yield was not affected by the treatments, whereas the chisel plough (NT PLOW1) was favorable to the black bean yield.

soil hydraulic conductivity; bulk density; soil porosity; volumetric moisture; soil compaction


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