Comportamento de pintainhas de postura leve alimentadas com dietas contendo fontes e níveis de fibra dietética na fase de cria

Gomides, Larissa Paula da Silva; Royer, Ana Flávia Basso; Martins, Poliana Carneiro; Carvalho, Genilson Bezerra de; Rezende, Pedro Moraes; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Stringhini, José Henrique

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Animal Production • Cienc. Rural 52 (1) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20200408 copiar

Comportamento de pintainhas de postura leve alimentadas com dietas contendo fontes e níveis de fibra dietética na fase de cria

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO:

Objetivou-se avaliar o comportamento de pintainhas de postura na fase de cria, alimentadas com dietas formuladas com aumento de fibra bruta e dois alimentos com composições de fibra diferentes. O trabalho foi realizado na Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, utilizando-se 300 pintainhas Bovans White, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado e arranjo fatorial 2x2+1, com dois níveis de fibra bruta na dieta (3,0% e 3,5 % de FB), duas fontes de fibra (farelo de trigo e bagaço de cana) e o tratamento testemunha (ração a base de milho e farelo de soja), totalizando cinco tratamentos e seis repetições de 10 aves cada. Foram avaliados padrões de comportamento de manutenção e bem-estar aos 21 e 42 dias de idade. Não houve diferença no comportamento e na classificação por ordem de importância das atividades realizadas pelas aves alimentadas com fibra e observadas aos 21 e 42 dias pelo teste de Kruskal Wallis (P>0,05). Obteve-se condições média e boa com farelo de trigo e 3,5 e 3,0% de fibra bruta, respectivamente, com 21 dias de idade. Aos 42 dias, o uso de bagaço de cana ao nível de 3,5% de fibra bruta e o farelo de trigo ao nível de 3,0%, mostraram boas condições de comportamento. A utilização de fibra bruta na alimentação de frangas não alterou o comportamento das aves.

Palavras-chave:
bagaço de cana; comportamento; farelo de trigo

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais , 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil , Tel.: +55 55 3220-8698 , Fax: +55 55 3220-8695 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: cienciarural@mail.ufsm.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] E-mail: ana.royer@ifs.edu.br. ^*Corresponding author

Ingredient	Control	---------Sugarcane bagasse--------			------------Wheat bran-----------
		3.0%	3.5%	3.0%	3.5%
Maize	65.30	65.78	60.00	63.63	51.20
Soybean meal 45%	24.00	28.01	27.30	28.91	28.50
Limestone	1.50	1.10	1.05	1.20	1.20
Dicalcium phosphate	2.00	1.82	1.90	1.77	1.70
Starch	2.50	1.00	1.10	0.00	1.40
Common salt	0.80	0.41	0.45	0.41	0.45
DL-methionine	0.50	0.14	0.30	0.12	0.20
Threonine	1.30	0.00	0.40	0.00	0.00
Lysine	0.60	0.04	0.50	0.00	0.05
Vitamin premix¹	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50
Mineral premix²	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
Oil	0.00	0.00	2.00	1.04	4.80
Sugarcane bagasse	0.00	1.23	4.50	0.00	0.00
Wheat bran	1.00	0.00	0.00	2.53	10.00
Total	100	100	100	100	100
--------------------------------------------------------------Calculated nutritional composition(%)--------------------------------------------------------
Protein	18.0	18.0	18.00	18.00	18.00
ME (kcal/kg)	2.900	2.900	2.900	2.900	2.900
Crude fiber	2.5	3.0	3.5	3.0	3.5
NDF (%)^**	14.8	17.7	16.7	19.1	25.3
ADF (%)^**	11.6	12.1	13.1	12.0	11.6
Calcium	1.34	0.95	0.94	0.94	0.95
Available P	0.46	0.44	0.45	0.44	0.44
Sodium	0.34	0.18	0.19	0.18	0.20
Digestible lysine	1.22	0.87	1.21	0.88	0.92
Digestible methionine	0.73	0.39	0.54	0.38	0.45
Digestible met + cys.	0.95	0.64	0.78	0.64	0.71
Digestible threonine	1.83	0.62	0.99	0.64	0.62

Feedstuff	--------Fraction-------		---------------------------------Sugars of constituents^*---------------------------------								Total
	NDF	ADF²	Rha	Fuc	Ara	Xyl	Man	Gal	Glu	GalA	g/100g
SB	59.5	56.0	0.1	0.1	2.1	2.4	0.3	1.4	3.5	0.8	10.7
WB	44.6	16.6	0.1	0.1	2.1	2.8	0.3	1.2	4.1	0.6	11.3

Activity	Description
Eating	Bird has its head in the feeder for feeding
Drinking	Bird has its head in the trough-type drinker for drinking
Frequency at drinker	Bird located next to the drinker without drinking water
Frequency at feeder	Bird located next to the feeder without eating
Preening	Bird examines its own feathers with its beak
Stretching wings	Bird stretches a wing and a leg in the same body hemisphere
Collecting feet	Movement characterized by the bird retracting one of the two legs towards the body while standing
Head scratching	Bird scratches its head with one of its feet
Scratching cage floor	Another behavior considered typical of birds, characterized as bird exploring its territory with its feet and beak (in the absence of bedding material, the bird explores the cage grid floor)
Biting litter (cage floor)	Bird bites cage floor (in the absence of bedding material in the cage, the bird uses the cage grid)
Biting another bird	Bird bites any part of another bird’s body
Biting cage	Bird bites the sides of the cage
Sleeping	Bird in a resting state, with its chest and head resting on the bed;
Watching while lying	Bird lies with the chest resting on the bed and the head raised, watching
Walking from side to side	Bird walks from side to side
Tonic immobility	Behavior characterized as bird not displaying any movement, or seemingly not fitting into any of the previous behaviors

Essential to life	----------------------------------------------------Essential to comfort-------------------------------------------------------
	<30%	30-50%	50-65%	>65%
>32%	Poor	Medium	Good	Poor
26-32%	Medium	Good	Good	Good
23-26%	Medium	Medium	Good	Medium
20-23%	Poor	Medium	Medium	Poor
< 20%	Very Poor	Poor	Poor	Very Poor

% of time	--------------------------------------------------------------Categorization-----------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------Fulfillment of essential needs for life--------------------------------------------------------------
>32	Very poor (excess) - time spent on these activities exceeds the necessary, which may compromise free time for other needs.
26-32	Poor - indicates that the bird spends too much time eating or drinking, which may be the result of frustration, difficulty finding food or dissatisfaction.
23-26	Good - indicates the expected values for this behavior, considering variations in the conditions of the rearing environment.
20-23	Medium - range containing the minimum time limit required for the activities.
<20	Poor - time considered too little for meeting essential life needs, which may compromise the animal's productivity.
-----------------------------------------------------Fulfillment of essential needs for health and comfort--------------------------------------------------
>65	Good - threshold of percentage of time considered good, allowing leftover time for behaviors essential to life;
50-65	Medium - range containing the minimum time limit required for the activities.
30-50	Poor - time too limited to meet the needs of movement and execution of activities considered important or essential to health and comfort.
^*<30	Very poor - time not sufficient to perform more than one activity, which is a reflection of poor welfare conditions.

		----------SB^*---------		--------WB^*-------			--------SB^*-------		--------WB^*------
Activity	C^*	3.0%	3.5%	3.0%	3.5%	C^*	3.0%	3.5%	3.0%	3.5%
		-------------------------21 days-----------------					--------------------42 days-----------------
Eating	22.1	14.0	13.2	21.7	14.5	20.7	30.8	22.8	24.3	21.0
Drinking	2.4	2.8	1.1	2.3	4.5	3.9	1.4	0.3	2.1	1.1
Frequency at feeder	2.7	3.7	3.8	2.3	1.4	0.4	0.4	1.3	0.2	0.8
Frequency at drinker	4.4	2.7	1.5	2.3	3.3	1.5	0.3	1.7	1.9	1.6
Preening	14.9	12.8	11.7	10.8	13.1	12.0	5.3	15.3	7.7	8.8
Stretching wings	1.4	0.3	1.4	0.71	1.3	0.7	1.5	1.1	0.7	0.6
Collecting feet	3.9	1.0	2.8	1.1	3.7	1.1	2.8	2.1	2.2	2.1
Head scratching	0.8	1.1	1.6	1.2	0.9	1.7	1.0	1.5	1.4	1.4
Ground scratching	1.6	0.5	1.2	1.2	1.6	0.7	0.8	1.1	0.5	0.7
Biting others birds	1.3	0.7	1.2	0.8	0.3	5.4	4.8	4.6	2.4	6.4
Biting bed	2.9	2.1	4.1	2.4	3.5	0.6	0.6	1.3	1.6	1.8
Biting cage grid	3.6	1.7	2.0	1.1	1.6	2.9	5.6	2.2	0.4	0.9
Sleeping	6.0	6.8	6.8	8.7	6.3	6.4	7.5	4.2	8.1	5.7
Watching while lying	4.1	10.7	8.9	12.7	7.9	17.0	8.1	19.8	16.4	14.7
Tonic immobility	10.4	20.8	12.7	9.5	12.7	12.3	19.2	10.7	10.7	14.1
Walking from side to side	17.3	19.3	25.4	20.7	22.8	18.7	18.3	13.1	19.2	18.7

	Essential to life^*	Comfort and health^**	Condition	Essential to life^*	Comfort and health^**	Condition
---------------------------------------------21 days---------------------------------------			------------------------------42 days-----------------------------
3.0 SB	22.0	78.0	Poor	32.8	75.6	Poor
3.5 SB	19.7	80.3	Very poor	26.1	76.9	Good
3.0 WB	28.8	71.3	Good	28.5	68.3	Good
3.5 WB	23.8	76.2	Medium	24.6	76.3	Poor
Control	31.4	68.6	Good	26.4	79.4	Good