Aflatoxins and fumonisins in feed from a broiler operation system from São Paulo state, Brazil

Kobashigawa, Estela; Corassin, Carlos Humberto; Franco, Larissa Tuanny; Uliana, Rômulo Dutra; Oliveira, Carlos Augusto Fernandes de

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20180888

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ANIMAL PRODUCTION • Cienc. Rural 49 (2) • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20180888 copy

Aflatoxins and fumonisins in feed from a broiler operation system from São Paulo state, Brazil

Aflatoxinas e fumonisinas em rações de um sistema de produção de frangos de corte no estado de São Paulo, Brasil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

The aim of the present study was to assess the occurrence of aflatoxins (AFs) and fumonisins (FBs) in feed ingredients (corn and soybean meal) and finishing feed in a broiler operation system, as well was to evaluate their effect on the productivity of 20 batches of broilers produced and the histology status of broilers’ liver after slaughter. Corn samples presented the highest frequencies of AFs and FBs, at mean levels of 29.1 and 2,100µg/kg, respectively. Soybean samples presented mean levels of 1.5 and 70µg/kg for AFs and FBs, respectively. Batches of broilers receiving feed containing FB levels higher than 1,000µg/kg had lower weight gain and higher mortality rates, while those fed rations with AFs equal or above the limit of quantification (LOQ) of the analytical method presented higher scores of histological changes in the liver. A dilution effect was observed for AFs and FBs from ingredients, especially corn, to feed during manufacture, whilst not enough to prevent losses in productivity. Results of this trial highlighted the need for strict control of mycotoxins in corn intended for broilers.

Key words:
mycotoxins; AFB₁; FB₁; broiler chickens; productivity

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais , 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil , Tel.: +55 55 3220-8698 , Fax: +55 55 3220-8695 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: cienciarural@mail.ufsm.br

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[1] E-mail: carlosf@usp.br. ^*Corresponding author.

Type of sample	N	------------------Total AFs¹----------------		-----------------Total FBs²----------------
		N (%)	Mean (µg/kg)	n (%)	Mean (µg/kg)
Corn	17	11 (65)	29.1±24.4	17 (100)	2,070±1,550
Soybean meal	17	1 (6)	1.5	10 (59)	70±30
Finishing feed (freshly prepared)	47	10 (21)	2.9±3.1	41 (87)	1,260±890
Finishing feed (stored in farm)	47	8 (17)	3.8±4.8	42 (89)	1,310±1,050

Broiler batch category	Weight gain (g/day)	Feed conversion (g/g)	Production factor¹	Mortality (%)
AFs<LOQ² (N=12)	58.3±2.4^a	1.8±0.1^a	305.7±22.5^a	5.1±1.7^ab
AFs≥LOQ (N=8)	57.7±3.0^ab	1.9±0.1^a	296.7±31.8^a	5.6±2.5^a
FBs<1,000µg/kg (N=10)	59.1±2.4^a	1.8±0.1^a	309.6±17.8^a	4.7±2.0^b
FBs≥1,000µg/kg (N=10)	56.8±2.6^b	1.9±0.1^a	291.1±34.1^a	6.1±2.3^a

Lot category	------------------------------------------------Scores¹--------------------------------------------------
	Liver	Kidney	Heart	Bursa
AFs<LQ²(N=12)	0.3±0.1^b	0.1±0.1^a	0.2±0.1^a	0.3±0.1^a
AFs≥LQ (N=8)	1.2±0.2^a	0.3±0.1^a	0.3±0.1^a	0.2±0.1^a
FBs<1,000µg/kg (N=10)	0.3±0.1^b	0.2±0.1^a	0.2±0.1^a	0.3±0.2^a
FBs≥1,000µg/kg (N=10)	0.4±0.2^b	0.2±0.1^a	0.4±0.1^a	0.3±0.1^a