Food and Nutrition Surveillance System/SISVAN: getting to know the feeding habits of infants under 24 months of age

Coelho, Luciola de Castro; Asakura, Leiko; Sachs, Anita; Erbert, Ingrid; Novaes, Claudia dos Reis Lisboa; Gimeno, Suely Godoy Agostinho

doi:10.1590/1413-81232015203.15952014

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Article • Ciênc. saúde coletiva 20 (3) • Mar 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232015203.15952014 copy

Food and Nutrition Surveillance System/SISVAN: getting to know the feeding habits of infants under 24 months of age

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

The objective of the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN) is to monitor the food intake of individuals attended by the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). The objective of this research was to identify the feeding practices of children under 24 months of age who were attended at Primary Healthcare Units (UBS), using SISVAN, and to assess the relationship with maternal sociodemographic profiles. A cross-sectional study was conducted in order to evaluate 350 children using the Food Consumption Marker Form of SISVAN, and maternal demographic data to identify sociodemographic profiles by exploratory factor analysis. Of the children assessed, 41.1% were under 6 months of age and 98.7% of those between 6 and 23 months had an inadequate intake. Two sociodemographic profiles were found: Profile 1 (mothers with lower income, less education, and recipients of the 'Bolsa Família' conditional family grant program) associated with the consumption of water/tea, cow's milk and salty baby food; and Profile 2 (older mothers with many children and with a larger number of residents in the household) associated with breast milk consumption (p = 0.048). The use of SISVAN made it possible to identify that children had inadequate feeding practices, and Profile 1 appears to be a risk profile for weaning.

Nutritional surveillance; Breast-fed infant; Food consumption

				Gender

Variable			Female			Male			Total		p
Variable											p
		n	%		n	%		n		%

Breastfeeding										0.525
Yes	45		83.3	44		78.6	88			80.9
No	9		16.7	12		21.4	21			19.1
Total	54		100	56		100	110			100
Water/tea										0.484
Yes	19		35.9	15		29.4	34			32.7
No	34		64.1	36		70.6	70			67.3
Total	53		100	51		100	104			100
Cow’s milk										0.842
Yes	8		14.8	7		13.5	15			14.2
No	46		85.2	45		86.5	91			85.8
Total	54		100	52		100	106			100
Infant formula										0.552
Yes	16		30.2	13		25.0	29			27.6
No	37		69.8	39		75.0	76			72.4
Total	53		100	52		100	105			100
Fruit juice										0.801
Yes	6		11.3	5		9.8	11			10.6
No	47		88.7	46		90.2	93			89.4
Total	53		100	51		100	104			100
Fruit										0.119
Yes	3		5.6	8		14.6	11			10.1
No	51		94.4	47		85.4	98			89.9
Total	54		100	55		100	109			100
Salty porridge										0.357
Yes	4		7.4	7		12.7	11			10.1
No	50		92.6	48		87.3	98			89.9
Total	54		100	55		100	109			100
Other foods										0.073
Yes	-		-	3		5.9	3			2.9
No	53		100	48		94.1	101			97.1
Total	53		100	51		100	104			100

			Age

Variable	6 to 11 months			12 to 23 months				Total		p
Variable										p
	n	%		n	%		n		%

Breastfeeding									0.000
Yes	53	63.1	49		33.6	102			44.4
No	31	36.9	97		66.4	128			55.6
Total	84	100	146		100	230			100
Non-human dry milk formula									0.038
More than two glasses	44	53.7	91		59.1	135			57.2
Up to two glasses	13	15.8	37		24.0	50			21.2
No intake	25	30.5	26		16.9	51			21.6
Total	82	100	154		100	236			100
Vegetables/legumes									0.956
Yes	58	74.4	114		74.0	172			74.1
No	20	25.6	40		26.0	60			25.9
Total	78	100	154		100	232			100
Fruit									0.215
Yes	63	77.8	129		84.3	192			82.1
No	18	22.2	24		15.7	42			17.9
Total	81	100	153		100	234			100
Meat									0.122
Yes	59	72.8	124		81.6	183			78.5
No	22	27.2	28		18.4	50			21.5
Total	81	100	152		100	233			100
Beans									0.000
Yes	49	60.5	129		84.3	178			76.1
No	32	39.5	24		15.7	56			23.9
Total	81	100	153		100	234			100
Family meal at dinner									0.000
Yes	47	58.0	128		83.1	175			74.5
No	34	42.0	26		16.9	60			25.5
Total	81	100	154		100	235			100

			Age

Variable		6 to 11 months			12 to 23 months			Total		p
Variable										p
		n	%		n	%		n	%

Intake of honey, sugar, molasses before six										0.257
months
No	59		72.8	95		65.5	154		68.1
Yes	22		27.2	50		34.5	72		31.9
Total	81		100	145		100	226		100
Intake of salty porridge/family meal before six										0.162
months
No	50		61.7	75		52.1	125		55.6
Yes	31		38.3	69		47.9	100		44.4
Total	81		100	144		100	225		100
Intake of processed juice/powdered drinks										0.007
in the last month
No	43		51.8	48		33.6	91		40.3
Yes	40		48.2	95		66.4	135		59.7
Total	83		100	143		100	226		100
Intake of soft drinks in the last month										0.000
No	63		75.9	44		30.1	107		46.7
Yes	20		24.1	102		69.9	122		53.3
Total	83		100	146		100	229		100
Intake of porridge with milk or milk thickened										0.636
with flour on the previous day
No	40		48.8	66		45.5	106		46.7
Yes	42		51.2	79		54.5	121		53.3
Total	82		100	145		100	227		100
Ate while watching TV on the previous day										0.040
No	63		75.9	96		62.8	159		67.4
Yes	20		24.1	57		37.2	77		32.6
Total	83		100	153		100	236		100

	Profile 1			Profile 2

	Mean	sd	p	Mean	sd	p

Children< 6 months
Breastmilk			0.129			0.048
Yes	-0.37	0.12		-0.08	0.10
No	-0.07	0.19		-0.48	0.22
Water/tea			0.047			0.184
Yes	-0.07	0.15		-0.33	0.16
No	-0.45	0.14		-0.15	0.11
Cow’s milk			0.030			0.283
Yes	0.16	0.22		-0.31	0.24
No	-0.40	0.11		-0.16	0.10
Infant formula			0.104			0.316
Yes	-0.54	0.18		-0.27	0.19
No	-0.25	0.13		-0.17	0.10
Fruit juice			0.489			0.161
Yes	-0.32	0.27		-0.49	0.22
No	-0.33	0.11		-0.18	0.10
Fruit			0.212			0.284
Yes	-0.07	0.29		-0.01	0.33
No	-0.34	0.11		-0.19	0.10
Salty porridge			0.019			0.238
Yes	0.31	0.31		0.03	0.35
No	-0.39	0.11		-0.20	0.09
Other foods			0.139			0.041
Yes	0.34	0.27		-1.12	0.21
No	-0.35	0.11		-0.18	0.09
Children between 6 and 23 months old
Breastmilk			0.353			0.086
Yes	0.18	0.09		0.16	0.09
No	0.13	0.09		-0.03	0.10
Non-human dry milk formulas			0.440			0.262
Adequate	0.15	0.07		0.02	0.07
Inadequate	0.12	0.17		0.18	0.27
Vegetables/legumes			0.337			0.230
Yes	0.13	0.08		0.01	0.10
No	0.19	0.10		0.13	0.12
Fruit			0.234			0.474
Yes	0.13	0.07		0.06	0.08
No	0.25	0.17		0.07	0.20
Meat			0.347			0.384
Yes	0.17	0.10		0.07	0.08
No	0.11	0.14		0.02	0.15
Beans			0.040			0.219
Yes	0.24	0.07		0.04	0.10
No	-0.03	0.14		0.16	0.14
Family meal at dinner			0.008			0.242
Yes	0.26	0.07		0.07	0.08
No	-0.09	0.15		-0.03	0.13

ABRASCO - Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva Av. Brasil, 4036 - sala 700 Manguinhos, 21040-361 Rio de Janeiro RJ - Brazil, Tel.: +55 21 3882-9153 / 3882-9151 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: cienciasaudecoletiva@fiocruz.br

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[1] Collaborations LC Coelho, L Asakura, A Sachs, I Erbert, CRL Novaes and SGA Gimeno equally contributed to all stages of the preparation of the manuscript.