Alcohol and tobacco experimentation among adolescents of the Midwest Region/Brazil

Freitas, Elisângela Antônio de Oliveira; Martins, Maria Silvia Amicucci Soares; Espinosa, Mariano Martinez

doi:10.1590/1413-81232018244.15582017

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ARTICLE • Ciênc. saúde colet. 24 (4) • Apr 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018244.15582017 copy

Alcohol and tobacco experimentation among adolescents of the Midwest Region/Brazil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the prevalence of alcohol and tobacco experimentation among adolescents of the Brazilian Midwest its association with sociodemographic factors. This is a cross-sectional study, with data from the National School Health Survey – PeNSE, carried out in 2015. The sample consisted of ninth-graders. The dependent variable was alcohol and tobacco experimentation at some point in life. A Poisson regression model was performed to identify the associated variables. The weighted estimated prevalence of alcohol and tobacco experimentation was 57.17% (95% CI: 56.20-58.14) and 22.38% (95% CI: 21.56-23.20), respectively. The prevalence of alcohol experimentation among females was higher than in males. However, regarding tobacco, males had a higher prevalence than females. Alcohol and tobacco experimentation was statistically significant with age. Public schools’ administrative dependency showed a 23.99% higher prevalence than private schools concerning tobacco experimentation. We concluded that alcohol and tobacco experimentation was high among school adolescents and was shown to be associated with sociodemographic factors .

Alcohol consumption; Tobacco; Adolescent

Independent variables	Alcohol Experimentation	95% CI ^#	Tobacco Experimentation ^#	95% CI ^#
Gender	(n = 14,152)		(n = 14,156)
Female	58.93	57.56 – 60.28	20.11	19.03 – 21.23
Male	55.38	53.99 – 56.76-	24.69	23.50 – 25.92
Ethnicity/skin color	(n = 14,137)		(n = 14,141)
Brown	58.24	56.80 – 59.67	23.11	21.91 – 24.36
White	56.44	54.77 – 58.09	19.87	18.57 – 21.23
Black	56.39	53.44 – 59.29	25.19	22.74 – 27.81
Yellow	58.24	53.77 – 62.58	21.13	17.70 – 25.02
Indigenous	51.03	46.02 – 56.01	29.17	24.83 – 33.92
Age (years)	(n = 14,152)		(n = 14,156)
≤ 13	47.66	45.14 – 50.19	14.63	12.92 – 16.53
14	54.78	53.50 – 56.06	18.95	17.96 – 19.98
≥ 15	67.06	65.25 – 68.83	33.64	31.88 – 35.44
Maternal schooling	(n = 10,839)		(n = 10,843)
Primary school	58.36	56.65 – 60.04	24.20	22.76 – 25.69
Secondary school	58.53	56.55 – 60.48	21.63	20.03 – 23.32
Higher education	55.37	53.19 – 57.54	18.90	17.25 – 20.67
School type	(n = 14,156)		(n = 14,156)
Public	57.69	56.61 – 58.77	23.28	22.37 – 24.22
Private	54.27	52.15 – 56.37	17.35	15.80 – 19.02

Independent variables	PR ^**	95% CI ^**	P-Value
Gender
Female	1.06	1.03 – 1.10	< 0.001*
Male	1.00	-	-
Ethnicity/skin color
Brown	1.14	1.03 – 1.26	0.010*
White	1.11	0.99 – 1.22	0.054
Black	1.10	0.99 – 1.23	0.078
Yellow	1.14	1.01 – 1.29	0.037*
Indigenous	1.00	-	-
Age (years)
≤ 13	1.00	-	-
14	1.15	1.09 – 1.22	< 0.001*
≥ 15	1.41	1.33 – 1.49	< 0.001*
Maternal schooling
Primary school	1.05	1.01 – 1.11	0.035*
Secondary school	1.06	1.01 – 1.11	0.036*
Higher education	1.00	-	-
School type
Public	1.06	1.02 - 1.11	0.006*
Private	1.00	-	-

Variable	Category	PRa ^***	95% CI ^***	P-Value
Gender	Female	1.09	1.05 - 1.13	< 0.001*
	Male	1.00	-	-
Ethnicity/skin color	Brown	1.17	1.05 – 1.29	0.003
	White	1.41	1.03 – 1.27	0.012
	Black	1.12	0.99 – 1.25	0.054
	Yellow	1.15	1.02 – 1.30	0.028
	Indigenous	1.00	-	-
Age (years)	≤ 13	1.00	-	-
	14	1.15	1.09 - 1.22	< 0.001*
	≥ 15	1.42	1.34 - 1.51	< 0.001*

Independent variables	PR**	95% CI**	P-Value
Gender
Male	1.23	1.14 – 1.32	< 0.001*
Female	1.00	-	-
Ethnicity/skin color
Indigenous	1.47	1.24 – 1.74	< 0.001*
Black	1.27	1.12 – 1.43	< 0.001*
Brown	1.16	1.07 – 1.27	0.001
Yellow	1.06	0.88 – 1.28	0.517
White	1.00	-	-
Age (years)
≤ 13	1.00	-	-
14	1.29	1.13 – 1.48	< 0.001*
≥ 15	2.30	2.01 – 2.63	< 0.001*
Maternal schooling
Primary school	1.28	1.15 – 1.43	< 0.001*
Secondary school	1.14	1.02 – 1.29	0.025*
Higher education	1.00	-	-
School type
Public	1.34	1.21 – 1.48	< 0.001*
Private	1.00	-	-

Variable	Category	PRa ^***	95% CI ^***	P-Value
Gender	Male	1.15	(1.07; 1.24)	< 0.001*
	Female	1.00	-	-
Age (years)	≤ 13	1.00	-	-
	14	1.26	1.10 - 1.44	0.001*
	≥ 15	2.16	1.90 - 2.50	< 0.001*
Ethnicity/skin color	Indigenous	1.30	1.10 – 1.54	0.003*
	Black	1.17	1.03 – 1.31	0.012*
	Brown	1.15	1.05 – 1.25	0.002*
	Yellow	1.04	0.87 – 1.26	0.646
	White	1.00	-	-
School type	Public	1.14	1.03; 1.27	0.0011*
	Private	1.00	-	-

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[1] Collaborations

EAO Freitas participated in the design of the study, data analysis and paper drafting. MSAS Martins supervised the study and participated in the paper’s review. MM Espinosa participated in the statistical analysis of the data and paper’s review.