Maus-tratos infantis e comportamentos sexuais de risco na idade adulta: uma revisão sistemática

Hirschmann, Roberta; Martins, Rafaela Costa; Gonçalves, Helen

doi:10.1590/1413-812320212611.3.31562019

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Sumário

VIOLÊNCIA E PREVENÇÃO • Ciênc. saúde coletiva 26 (suppl 3) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320212611.3.31562019 copiar

Maus-tratos infantis e comportamentos sexuais de risco na idade adulta: uma revisão sistemática

Child abuse and sexual risk behavior in adulthood: a systematic review

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

Os maus-tratos infantis são um problema de saúde pública e podem gerar graves consequências, como envolvimento em comportamentos sexuais de risco (CSR). O objetivo deste artigo é identificar os estudos que avaliaram a associação entre diferentes tipos de maus-tratos infantis e CSR na idade adulta, por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, Web of Science, PsycNET e Lilacs. Os critérios de inclusão foram: delineamento transversal, coorte ou caso-controle; avaliação de indivíduos que foram expostos a maus-tratos até os 18 anos e avaliação de CSR na idade adulta. A busca identificou 18.951 artigos, sendo 34 incluídos neste estudo. O processo de seleção foi realizado por duas pesquisadoras de maneira independente. Em geral os estudos mostraram que o abuso sexual é um fator de risco para a adoção de CSR na vida adulta, no entanto há menos evidências dessa associação para as outras formas de maus-tratos, como violência doméstica, abuso emocional e negligência. Os maus-tratos infantis influenciam de maneira negativa os CSR da vida adulta. São necessários novos estudos que avaliem essa relação de maneira longitudinal, incluindo os diferentes tipos de maus-tratos e os possíveis mecanismos dessa relação.

Palavras-chave:
Comportamento sexual; Maus-tratos infantis; Revisão sistemática

Estudo	Seleção				Comparabilidade	Desfecho
Estudo	Representatividade	Seleção de não expostos	Exposição	Desfecho		Avaliação	Acompanhamento	Adequação
Fergusson⁴¹41 Fergusson DM, Horwood J, Lynskey MT. Childhood sexual abuse, adolescent sexual behaviors and sexual revictimization. Child Abuse Negl 1997; 21(8):789-803. 1997	A*	A*	B*	A*	A* B*	C	A*	D
Hillis¹⁷17 Hillis SD, Anda RF, Felitti VJ, Marchbanks PA. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Sexual Risk Behaviors in Women: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Fam Plann Perspect 2001; 33(5):206-211. 2001	C	A*	B	B	B*	B	A*	C
Brown²⁶26 Brown J, Cohen P, Chen H, Smailes E, Johnson JG. Sexual trajectories of abused and neglected youths. Dev Behav Pediatrics 2004; 25(2):77-82. 2004	A*	A*	A*	A*	A* B*	C	A*	B*
Testa²⁷27 Testa M. Childhood sexual abuse, relationship satisfaction, and sexual risk taking in a community sample of women. J Consult Clin Psychol 2005; 73(6):1116-1124. 2005	B*	A*	B*	B	-	C	B	B*
Wilson¹⁵15 Wilson HW, Widom CS. An examination of risky sexual behavior and HIV in victims of child abuse and neglect: a 30-year follow-up. Health Psychol 2008; 27(2):149-158. 2008	A*	A*	A*	B	B*	C	B	B*
Van Roode⁷7 van Roode T, Dickson N, Herbison P, Paul C. Child sexual abuse and persistence of risky sexual behaviors and negative sexual outcomes over adulthood: findings from a birth cohort. Child Abuse Negl 2009; 33(3):161-72. 2009	A*	A*	B*	A*	AB	C	A*	B*
Hahm²⁸28 Hahm HC, Lee Y, Ozpnoff A, Van Wert M.J. The impact of multiple types of child maltreatment on subsequent risk behaviors among women during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood. J Youth Adolescence 2010; 39;528-540. 2010	B*	A*	B*	B	B*	C	A*	D
Wilson²⁴24 Wilson HW, Widom CS. Pathways from childhood abuse and neglect to HIV-risk sexual behavior in middle adulthood. J Consult Clin Psychol 2011; 79(2):236-246. 2011	A*	A*	A*	A*	B*	C	A*	B*
Fergusson¹⁹19 Fergusson DM, Mcleod GFH, Horwood LJ. Childhood sexual abuse and adult developmental outcomes: Findings from a 30-year longitudinal study in New Zealand. Child Abuse Negl 2013; 37(9):664-674. 2013	B*	A*	B*	A*	AB	C	A*	C
Ryan⁸8 Ryan RM, Mendle J, Markowitz AJ. Early childhood maltreatment and girls' sexual behavior: The mediating role of pubertal timing. J Adoles Health 2015; 57(3):342-347. 2015	A*	A*	B*	A*	AB	C	A*	D
Thompson²⁵25 Thompson R, Lewis T, Neilson EC, English DJ, Litrownik AJ, Margolis B, Proctor L, Dubowitz H. Child maltreatment and risky sexual behavior: Indirect effects through trauma symptoms and substance use. Child Maltreatment 2016; 22. 2016	A*	A*	A*	A*	B*	C	A*	D
Abajobir⁹9 Abajobir AA, Kisely S, Williams G, Stratherarn L, Najman JM. Risky sexual behaviors and pregnancy outcomes in young adulthood following substantiated childhood maltreatment: findings from aprospective birth cohort study. J Sex Res 2016; 55(1):106-119. 2017	A*	A*	A*	A*	AB	C	A*	D
London²⁹29 London S, Quinn K, Scheidell JD, Frueh C, Khan MR. Adverse experiences in childhood and sexually transmitted infection risk from adolescence into adulthood. Sex Transm Dis 2017; 44(9):524-532. 2017	A*	A*	B*	B	AB	C	A*	C
Scheidell¹⁴14 Scheidell JD. Child sexual abuse and HIV-related substance use and sexual risk across the life course among males and females. J Child Sex Abus 2017; 26(5):519-534. 2017	A*	A*	B*	A*	AB	C	A*	D

Estudo	Seleção				Comparabilidade	Desfecho
Estudo	Representatividade	Tamanho da amostra	Não respondentes	Exposição		Avaliação	Teste estatístico
Zieler³⁰30 Zierler S, Feingold L, Laufer D, Velentgas P, Kantrowitz-Gordon I, Mayer K. Adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse and subsequent risk of HIV infection. Am J Public Health 1991; 81(5):572-575. 1991	A*	B	B	C	B	C*	A*
Batten³¹31 Batten SV, Follete VM, Aban IB. Experiential avoidance and high-risk sexual behavior in survivors of child sexual abuse. J Child Sex Abus 2001; 10(2):101-120. 2001	D	B	C	C	B	B**	B
Holmes³²32 Holmes WC. Men's pathways to risky sexual behavior: role of co-occurring childhood sexual abuse, posttraumatic stress disorder, and depression histories. J Urban Health 2005; 82(suppl. 1):89-99. 2005	A*	B	B	C	A*	C*	A*
Holmes³³33 Holmes WC. Sammel MD. Brief communication: physical abuse of boys and possible associations with poor adult outcomes. Ann Intern Med 2005; 143(8):581-586. 2005	A*	B	C	C	B	C*	A*
Steel⁴²42 Steel JL, Herlitz CA. The association between childhood and adolescent sexual abuse and proxies for sexual risk behavior: a random sample of the general population of Sweden. Child Abuse Negl 2005; 29(10):1141-1153. 2005	A*	A*	A*	C	B	C*	A*
Randolph³⁴34 Randolph ME, Mosack KE. Factors mediating the effects of childhood sexual abuse on risky sexual behavior among college women. J Psychology & Human Sexuality 2006;18(1): 23-41. 2006	C	B	C	C	B	C*	B
Ramiro⁴³43 Ramiro LS. Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and health-risk behaviors among adults in a developing country setting. Child Abuse Negl 2010; 34(11):842-855. 2010	A*	A*	A*	C	A*	B**	A*
Roemmele³⁵35 Roemmele M, Messman-Moore TL. Child abuse, early maladaptive schemas, and risky sexual behavior in college women. J Child Sex Abus 2011; 20(3):264-283. 2011	D	C	C	C	B	C*	A*
Hahm¹⁸18 Hahm HC. Do Asian-American women who were maltreated as children have a higher likelihood for HIV risk behaviors and adverse mental health outcomes? Womens Health Issues 2012; 22(1):35-43. 2012	A*	B	A*	C	A*	C*	A*
Lacelle⁴⁴44 Lacelle C. Child sexual abuse and women's sexual health: the contribution of CSA severity and exposure to multiple forms of childhood victimization. J Child Sex Abus 2012; 21(5):571-592. 2012	A*	C	C	C	B	C*	A*
Peltzer⁴⁷47 Peltzer K, Mental health, childhood abuse and HIV sexual risk behaviour among university students in Ivory Coast. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2012; 12(1):18. 2012	A*	C	C	C	A*	C*	B
Watson³⁶36 Watson LB. A model linking diverse women's child sexual abuse history with sexual risk taking. Psychol Women Q 2013;37(1):22-37. 2013	C	C	C	C	B	C*	B
Richter⁴⁸48 Richter L, Komárek A, Desmond C, Celentano D, Morin S, Sweat M, Chariyalertsak S, Chingono A, Gray G, Mbwambo J, Coates T. Reported physical and sexual abuse in childhood and adult HIV risk behaviour in three African countries: findings from Project Accept (HPTN-043). AIDS Behav 2014; 18(2):381-389. 2014	A*	B	C	C	A*	C*	A*
Walsh³⁷37 Walsh K. Pathway from child sexual and physical abuse to risky sex among emerging adults: the role of trauma-related intrusions and alcohol problems. J Adolesc Health 2014; 54(4): 442-448. 2014	A*	B	C	C	B	C*	A*
Oshri³⁸38 Oshri, A. Child maltreatment types and risk behaviors: associations with attachment style and emotion regulation dimensions. Personality and Individual Differences 2015;73: 127-133. 2014	C	C	C	C	B	C*	B
Bogolyubova⁴⁵45 Bogolyubova O, Skochilov R, Smykalo L. Childhood victimization and HIV risk behaviors among university students in Saint-Petersburg, Russia. AIDS Care 2016; 28(12):1590-1594. 2016	A*	B	C	C	A*	C*	A*
Kogan ³⁹39 Kogan SM. The influence of childhood adversity on rural black men's sexual risk behavior. Ann Behav Med 2016; 50(6):813-822. 2016	B	B	C	C	B	C*	B
Hahm⁴⁰40 Hahm HC. The associations between forced sex and severe mental health, substance use, and HIV risk behaviors among Asian American women. Violence Against Women 2017; 23(6):671-691. 2017	A*	B	C	C	A*	C*	A*
Tang⁴⁶46 Tang K. Childhood sexual abuse, risky sexual behaviors and adverse reproductive health outcomes among Chinese college students. Child Abuse Negl 2018; 84:123-130. 2018	A*	B	B	C	A*	C*	A*

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[1] Colaboradores

As três autoras participaram da concepção, do planejamento, da interpretação e redação do trabalho e/ou revisão crítica do manuscrito, que foi lido e aprovado por todas as autoras.