Analysis of the coverage of supply and of the water quality distributed in different regions of Brazil in 2019Abstract
Bearing in mind that universal access to sanitation services is one of the objectives of the Brazilian Plan for Basic Sanitation and one of the sustainable development goals (SDG), this research sought to evaluate the coverage of supply and of the quality of water distributed in Brazil in 2019. Data from the National Sanitation Information System (SNIS) and Water Quality for Human Consumption Surveillance Information System (Sisagua) databases were evaluated. It was found that 82% of the population has access to Water Supply Systems (WSS), this percentage only being lower in the North (58%) and Northeast (74%) regions. Most of the population is served by WSS; however, in the North region, 6.6% of the population is served by WSS and 7.2% by Collective Alternative Solution (CAS) without treatment. For the Total Coliforms parameter, 21.9% of CAS samples from the North region were outside the potability standard, while for the residual disinfectant agent, 40.6% of WSS from the Northeast region was outside this standard (with 19% of the samples having a concentration of the disinfectant agent above 5.0 mg/L, and 81% of the samples presenting concentration lower than 0.2 mg/L. The conclusion drawn is that part of the population may be vulnerable to water quality-related risks.
Key words:
Potable water; Water supply; Water quality
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Nota: Os dados referentes à densidade populacional foram obtidos a partir do IBGE
Nota: A escala de cores representa a região geográfica dos diferentes estados. O primeiro e o segundo eixo totalizam 61,96% da variância total. Os dados foram agrupados com base na distância Euclidiana. Os vetores dos estados foram utilizados para fins ilustrativos e encontram-se fora de escala e proporção reais.Fonte: Autoras.
Nota: De cada região do país, saem quatro curvas distintas, uma de cada cor representando cada parâmetro avaliado. Por exemplo, para a região Sul, a cor cinza cruza o espaço do parâmetro turbidez e equivale a 0,04% de amostras fora do padrão; já a cor verde, cruza o espaço de residual de desinfetante e representa 0,97% das amostras em não conformidade, e assim por diante. Fonte: Autoras.
Nota: O eixo a esquerda representa o % de amostras fora do padrão por tipo de abastecimento (SAC ou SAA), referindo-se às barras empilhadas; já o eixo à direita apresenta o % de amostras fora do padrão considerando todos os sistemas de abastecimento de água cadastrados no Sisagua, em 2019 e refere-se aos círculos pretos. Fonte: Autoras.