Food consumption of users of the Brazilian Unified Health System by type of assistance and participation in the “Bolsa Família”

Silvani, Juliana; Buss, Caroline; Pena, Geórgia das Graças; Recchi, Andrea Fontoura; Wendland, Eliana Márcia

doi:10.1590/1413-81232018238.06472016

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

FREE THEMES • Ciênc. saúde colet. 23 (8) • Aug 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018238.06472016 copy

Food consumption of users of the Brazilian Unified Health System by type of assistance and participation in the “Bolsa Família”

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate and compare dietary intake, type of assistance (Basic Health Units – UBS and Family Health Strategies – ESF) and participation in the “Bolsa Família” Program (PBF) among users of the Brazilian Unified Health System, (SUS). The sample was composed of individuals of both sexes between 18 and 78 years of age in Porto Alegre, state of Rio Grande do Sul. Socioeconomic, clinical and food consumption data were collected via a questionnaire adapted from the SISVAN and VIGITEL national surveys. The analyses were conducted using R3.1 software. Of the 187 patients, 91 were affiliated to the ESF, 96 to UBS and 40 were registered with the PBF. A healthy eating pattern was identified in only 41% of SUS users. It was observed that 55% did not consume raw salad (37% p = 0.04) and vegetable consumption was lower among the PBF users (67.5% versus 75.9%; p = 0.02). There was no significant difference in food consumption considering the kind of assistance (ESF or UBS). A healthy consumption pattern was not associated with demographic and socioeconomic variables. The majority of beneficiaries of the PBF did not admit to healthy eating patterns. Therefore, effective health promotion and prevention is needed for this population, mainly among the beneficiaries of the PBF.

Food consumption; Unified health system; Primary health care

	Total (n = 187)		FHS (n = 91)		BHU (n = 96)		p value	BFP (n = 40)		NO BFP (n = 145)		p value

	n	%	n	%	n	%		n	%	n	%
Age (years)
18 to 24	19	10.2	9	9.9	10	10.4		5	12.5	13	9
25 to 34	36	19.2	17	18.7	19	19.8		11	27.5	25	17.2
35 to 44	45	24.1	18	19.8	27	28.3		9	22.5	35	24.1
45 to 54	32	17.1	16	17.6	16	16.7		8	20	24	16.6
55 to 64	37	19.8	22	24.2	15	15.6		7	17.5	30	20.7
over 65	18	9.6	9	9.9	9	9.4	0.67	0	0	18	12.4	0.11
Sex
Female	127	67.9	57	62.6	70	72.9		32	80	95	65.5
Male	60	32.1	34	37.4	26	27.1	0.18	8	20	50	34.5	0.2
Race/Ethnicity
Black	45	24.1	24	26.4	21	21.9		15	37.5	29	20
Brown	30	16	20	22	10	10.4		9	22.5	21	14.5
White	91	48.7	38	41.8	53	55.2		11	27.5	79	54.5
Indigenous	5	2.7	3	3,3	2	2.1		1	2.5	4	2.8
Not informed	16	8.6	6	6.6	10	10.4	0.13	4	10	12	8.3	0.04*
Schooling (years)
Did not study	11	5.9	7	7.7	4	4.2		4	10	7	4.8
under 8	88	47.1	50	55	38	39.6		22	55	64	44.1
9 to 12	79	42.3	33	36.3	46	47.9		14	35	65	44.8
over 12	9	4.8	1	1.1	8	8.3	0,02*	0	0	9	6.2	0.07
Income ( in Brazilian minimum wage salaries)
under 1	16	8.6	9	9.9	7	7.3		6	15	10	6.9
1 to 5	134	71.7	63	69.2	71	74		27	67.5	106	73.1
over 5	8	4.3	3	3.3	5	5.2	0.78	0	0	7	4.8	0.31
Bolsa Família Program
Yes	40	21.4	26	28.6	14	14.6		14
No	145	77.5	63	69.2	82	85.4	0.02*	12	-	-	-
Civil Status								14	-	-	-
Single	47	25.1	21	23.1	26	27.1			35	32	22.1
Married	76	40.6	33	36.3	43	44.8		16	30	63	43.5
Other	64	34.2	37	40.7	27	28.1	0.18	24	35	50	34.5	0.18
Employment
Yes	84	44.9	38	41.8	46	47.9		16	40.0	66	45.5
No	103	55.1	53	58.2	50	52.1	0.4	24	60.0	79	54.5	0.66
Diabetes
Yes	27	14.4	14	15.4	13	13.5		7	17.5	20	13.8
No	159	85.0	76	83.5	83	86.5	0.55	33	82.5	124	85.5	0.67
Hypertension
Yes	58	31.0	32	35.2	26	27.1		11	27.5	47	32.4
No	128	68.5	59	64.8	69	71.9	0.32	29	72.5	97	66.9	0.64

	Total (n = 187)		FHS (n = 91)		BHU (n = 9)		p value	BFP (n = 40)		NO BFP (n = 145)		p value

	n	%	n	%	n	%		n	%	N	%
Healthy eating pattern
No	110	58.8	49	53.9	61	63.5		22	55.0	87	60.0
Yes	77	41.2	42	46.2	35	36.5	0.19	18	45.0	58	40.0	0.39
Salad
Not healthy: 0 to 4 times per week	76	40.6	40	44.0	36	37.5		22	55.0	53	36.6
Healthy: 5 or more times per week	111	59.4	51	56.0	60	62.5	0.29	18	45.0	92	63.5	0.04*
Cooked Vegetables
Not healthy: 0 to 4 times per week	117	62.6	58	63.7	59	61.5		28	70.0	88	60.7
Healthy: 5 or more times per week	70	37.4	33	36.3	37	38.5	0.75	12	30.0	57	39.3	0.28
Vegetables
Not healthy: 0 to 4 times per week	48	25.7	27	29.7	21	21.9		13	32.5	35	24.1
Healthy: 5 or more times per week	139	74.3	64	70.3	75	78.1	0.22	27	67.5	110	75.9	0.02*
Fresh fruits or fruit salad
Not healthy: 0 to 4 times per week	79	42.3	40	44.0	39	40.6		20	50.0	57	39.3
Healthy: 5 or more times per week	108	57.8	51	56.0	57	59,4	0.76	20	50.0	88	60.7	0.20
Natural squeezed fruit juice
Not healthy: 0 to 4 times per week	136	72.7	63	69.2	73	76.0		28	70.0	107	73.8
Healthy: 5 or more times per week	51	27.3	28	30.8	23	24.0	0.38	12	30.0	38	26.2	0.57
Fruits and natural squeezed fruit juice
Not healthy: 0 to 4 times per week	59	31.6	29	31.9	30	31.3		13	32.5	45	31.0
Healthy: 5 or more times per week	128	68.4	62	68.1	66	68.8	0.52	27	67.5	100	69.0	0.34
Fruits and Vegetables
Not healthy: 0 to 4 times per week	86	46.0	43	47.3	43	44.8		22	55.0	64	43.5
Healthy: 5 or more times per week	101	54,0	48	52.7	53	55.2	0.26	18	45.0	83	56.5	0.53
Beans
Not healthy: 0 to 4 times per week	52	27.8	25	27.5	27	28.1		11	27.5	41	28.3
Healthy: 5 or more times per week	135	72.2	66	72.5	69	71.9	0.92	29	72.5	104	71.7	0.92
Skimmed or low fat milk or yogurt
Not healthy: 0 to 4 times per week	175	93.6	86	94.5	89	92.7		38	95.0	135	93.1
Healthy: 5 or more times per week	12	6.4	5	5.5	7	7.3	0.17	2	5.0	10	6.9	0.06
Lean red meat
Not healthy: 0 to 4 times per week	137	73.3	64	70.3	73	76.0		31	77.5	105	72.4
Healthy: 5 or more times per week	50	26.7	27	29.7	23	24.0	0.38	9	22.5	40	27.6	0.52
Chicken without skin
Not healthy: 0 to 4 times per week	153	81.8	75	82.4	78	81.3		33	82.5	118	81.4
Healthy: 5 or more times per week	34	18.2	16	17.6	18	18.8	0.84	7	17.5	27	18.6	0.82
Fish
Not healthy: 0 times per week	102	54.5	50	54.9	52	54.2		22	55.0	78	53.8
Healthy: 1 or more times per week	85	45.5	41	45,1	44	45.8	0.91	18	45.0	67	46.2	0.29
Whole milk or yogurt
Not healthy: 1 or more times per week	101	54.0	52	57.1	49	51.0		26	65.0	73	50.3
Healthy: no time in the week	86	46.0	39	42.9	47	49.0	0.33	14	35.0	72	49.7	0.07
Fried food
Not healthy: 1 or more times per week	81	43.3	37	40.7	44	45.8		18	45.0	62	42.8
Healthy: no time in the week	106	56.7	54	59.3	52	54.2	0.81	22	55.0	83	57.2	0.31
Biscuits or salty snacks
Not healthy: 5 or more times per week	32	17.1	13	14.3	19	19.8		7	17.5	25	17.2
Healthy: 0 to 4 times per week	155	82.9	78	85.7	77	80.2	0.32	33	82.5	120	82.8	0.97
Cookies, sweets biscuits, candies and chocolates (bar or sugar plum)
Not healthy: 5 or more times per week	25	13.4	13	14.3	12	12.5		7	17.5	17	11.7
Healthy: 0 to 4 times per week	162	86.6	78	85.7	84	87.5	0.72	33	82.5	128	88.3	0.34
Soft drinks or artificial juices
Not healthy: 5 or more times per week	54	28.9	29	31.9	25	26.0		15	37.5	38	26.2
Healthy: 0 to 4 times per week	133	71.1	62	68.1	71	74.0	0.38	25	62.5	107	73.8	0.17
Hamburger and Sausages
Not healthy: 5 or more times per week	48	25.7	25	27.5	23	24.0		11	27.5	35	24.1
Healthy: 0 to 4 times per week	139	74.3	66	72.5	73	76.0	0.58	29	72.5	110	75.9	0.66
Red meat with visible fat
Not healthy: 1 or more times per week	54	28.9	27	29.7	27	28.1		12	30.0	41	28.3
Healthy: no time in the week	133	71.1	64	70.3	69	71.9	0.94	28	70.0	104	71.7	0.42
Chicken with skin
Not healthy: 1 or more times per week	44	23.5	26	28.6	18	18.8		10	25.0	33	22.8
Healthy: no time in the week	143	76.5	65	71.4	78	81.3	0.29	30	75.0	112	77.2	0.50
Meat with fat (meat or chicken)
Not healthy: 1 or more times per week	72	38.5	38	41.8	34	35.4		16	40.0	56	38.1
Healthy: no time in the week	115	61.5	53	58.2	62	64.6	0.23	24	60.0	91	61.9	0.96

	N	Healthy Eating Pattern				p value^*

		Yes		No

		n	%	n	%
Age (years)
18 to 24	19	11	10.0	8	10.0	0.69
25 to 34	36	24	21.8	12	21.8
35 to 44	45	27	24.5	18	24.5
45 to 54	32	20	18.2	12	18.2
55 to 64	37	20	18.2	17	18.2
over 65	18	8	7.3	10	7.3
Sex
Female	127	72	65,5	55	71.4	0.38
Male	60	38	34,5	22	28.6	0.38
Race/Ethnicity
Black	45	25	22.7	20	26.0	0.40
Brown	30	17	15.5	13	16.9
White	91	57	51.8	34	44.2
Indigenous	21	11	10.0	10	13.0
Schooling (years)
Did not study	1	1.1	0	0.0	1	0.64
under 8	47	49.5	28	45.2	47
9 to 12	33	34.7	20	32.3	33
over 12	14	14.7	14	22.6	14
Income (Brazilian minimum wage salaries)
under 1	1	1	1.0	0	0,0	0.71
1 to 5	149	90	93.8	59	95.2
over 5	8	5	5.2	3	4.8
Bolsa Família Program
Yes	40	24	22.0	16	21.1	0.87
No	145	85	78.0	60	78.9	0.87
Civil Status
Single		31	28.2	16	20.8	0.39
Married		45	40.9	31	40.3
Other		34	30.9	30	39.0
Employment
Yes		55	50.0	29	37.7	0.09
No		55	50.0	48	62.3	0.09

ABRASCO - Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva Av. Brasil, 4036 - sala 700 Manguinhos, 21040-361 Rio de Janeiro RJ - Brazil, Tel.: +55 21 3882-9153 / 3882-9151 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: cienciasaudecoletiva@fiocruz.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Collaborations

J Silvani has worked in the research and development of all the work from research to writing; AF Recchi worked on the design and supervision of data collection, GG Pena worked on the critical analysis, formatting and writing of the final version, C Buss worked on data analyses, guidance, drafting the article and final review and EM Wendland worked on the design, statistical analysis, guidance and final review.