Insatisfação e atitudes relativas ao peso corporal associada à percepção de saúde e ao sono em adolescentes (PeNSE 2015)

Matias, Thiago de Sousa; Silva, Kelly Samara da; Duca, Giovani Firpo Del; Bertuol, Cecília; Lopes, Marcus Vinicius Veber; Nahas, Markus Vinícius

doi:10.1590/1413-81232020254.19222018

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Sumário

TEMAS LIVRES • Ciênc. saúde coletiva 25 (4) • Mar 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020254.19222018 copiar

Insatisfação e atitudes relativas ao peso corporal associada à percepção de saúde e ao sono em adolescentes (PeNSE 2015)

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar se as atitudes em relação à insatisfação com o peso corporal (PC) estão associadas à saúde percebida e ao comprometimento do sono em uma amostra de base populacional de estudantes brasileiros. A Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar possui delineamento transversal e foram elegíveis para as análises 100.182 estudantes do nono ano. Foi utilizado regressão logística binária para analisar a associação entre as variáveis investigadas, obtidas por meio de questionário. Houve associação entre as atitudes em relação à insatisfação com o PC e a saúde percebida, indicando que aqueles insatisfeitos com o PC apresentaram maior OR para a percepção negativa de saúde (não controlando o peso = OR: 2,19, IC95%: 2,00-2,40, tentando perder = OR: 1,90, IC95%: 1,75-2,05; ganhar = OR: 2,22, IC95%: 2,01-2,46; manter = OR: 1,81, IC95%: 1,54-2,14) e para o comprometimento do sono (não controlando o peso = OR: 1,21, IC95%: 1,11-1,32; tentando perder = OR: 1,16, IC95%: 1,08-1,25; ganhar = OR: 1,43,95 % CI: 1,28-1,61; manter = OR: 1,43, IC95%: 1,22-1,68) em relação àqueles satisfeitos com o PC. A insatisfação é uma preocupação adicional na vida diária dos adolescentes, que está associada à depreciação da qualidade do sono e à diminuição do bem-estar psicológico.

Palavras-chave
Imagem Corporal; Adolescente; Saúde Mental; Sono; Estudos Transversais

Variables		%^* * Weighted proportions.	CI95%
Perceived health
	Positive	73.03	(72.48; 73.57)
	Negative	26.97	(26.43; 27.52)
Impaired sleep
	No	63.82	(63.19; 64.44)
	Yes	36.18	(35.56; 36.81)
Body satisfaction
	Satisfied	72.05	(71.44; 72.65)
	Dissatisfied	27.95	(27.35; 28.56)
Attitude towards body weight
	Not controlling	39.31	(38.71; 39.92)
	Trying to lose	25.64	(25.07; 26.21)
	Trying to gain	16.26	(15.82; 16.70)
	Trying to maintain	18.79	(18.34; 19.25)
Body satisfaction and attitude combined
	Satisfied	72.05	(71.44; 72.65)
	Dissatisfied and not controlling weight	7.84	(7.52; 8.18)
	Dissatisfied and trying to lose weight	12.56	(12.12; 13.01)
	Dissatisfied and trying to gain weight	5.11	(4.85; 5.39)
	Dissatisfied and trying to maintain weight	2.43	(2.26; 2.62)

Variables		Crude		Model 1^a a Adjusted for gender, age, mother's schooling, ethnicity and occupational status;		Model 2^b b Adjusted for loneliness;		Model 3^c c Adjusted for gender, age, mother's schooling, ethnicity, occupational status and loneliness.
Variables		OR^* * All associations were significant at p-value < 0.001.	IC95%	OR^* * All associations were significant at p-value < 0.001.	IC95%	OR^* * All associations were significant at p-value < 0.001.	IC95%	OR^* * All associations were significant at p-value < 0.001.	IC95%
Body satisfaction and attitude combined
	Body satisfaction	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
	Body dissatisfaction (not controlling)	2.64	(2.42; 2.88)	2.63	(2.41; 2.87)	2.13	(1.95; 2.33)	2.19	(2.00; 2.40)
	Body dissatisfaction (lose)	2.27	(2.11; 2.45)	2.26	(2.09; 2.44)	1.83	(1.69; 1.98)	1.90	(1.75; 2.05)
	Body dissatisfaction (gain)	2.74	(2.49; 3.01)	2.68	(2.44; 2.95)	2.2	(1.99; 2.43)	2.22	(2.01; 2.46)
	Body dissatisfaction (maintain)	2.07	(1.77; 2.43)	2.11	(1.80; 2.48)	1.75	(1.49; 2.06)	1.81	(1.54; 2.14)

Variables		Crude		Model 1^a a Adjusted for gender, age, mother's schooling, ethnicity and occupational status;		Model 2^b b Adjusted for loneliness;		Model 3^c c Adjusted for gender, age, mother's schooling, ethnicity, occupational status and loneliness.
Variables		OR^* * All associations were significant at p-value < 0.001.	IC95%	OR^* * All associations were significant at p-value < 0.001.	IC95%	OR^* * All associations were significant at p-value < 0.001.	IC95%	OR^* * All associations were significant at p-value < 0.001.	IC95%
Body satisfaction and attitude combined
	Body satisfaction	1.00		1.00		1.00		1.00
	Body dissatisfaction (not controlling)	1.89	(1.73; 2.07)	1.8	(1.64; 1.97)	1.21	(1.11; 1.32)	1.21	(1.11; 1.32)
	Body dissatisfaction (lose)	1.84	(1.73; 1.97)	1.7	(1.59; 1.82)	1.18	(1.09; 1.27)	1.16	(1.08; 1.25)
	Body dissatisfaction (gain)	2.24	(2.00; 2.50)	2.15	(1.92; 2.40)	1.42	(1.27; 1.60)	1.43	(1.28; 1.61)
	Body dissatisfaction (maintain)	1.93	(1.66; 2.24)	1.95	(1.68; 2.27)	1.39	(1.18; 1.62)	1.43	(1.22; 1.68)

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[1] Collaborations

TS Matias conceived and were responsible for the design and overall direction of this study; drafted the manuscript; critically revised the manuscript. C Bertuol conceived and were responsible for the design and overall direction of this study; performed statistical analyses and contributed to the interpretation of the results; drafted the manuscript. MVV Lopes conceived and were responsible for the design and overall direction of this study; performed statistical analyses and contributed to the interpretation of the results; drafted the manuscript. KS Silva were involved in interpretation of the results; critically revised the manuscript. GF Del Duca were involved in interpretation of the results; critically revised the manuscript. MV Nahas critically revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.