Pesticide exposure and risk of Central Nervous System tumors in children: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Mota, Anne Lívia Cavalcante; Barbosa, Isadora Marques; Rodrigues, Andrea Bezerra; Chaves, Edna Maria Camelo; Almeida, Paulo César de

doi:10.1590/1413-81232023289.00262023EN

Anne Lívia Cavalcante Mota

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Programa de Pós- Graduação em Cuidados Clínicos em Enfermagem e Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE). Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, Campus do Itaperi. 60714-903 Fortaleza CE Brasil. aliviacante@gmail.com

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4701-5811

Isadora Marques Barbosa

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Programa de Pós- Graduação em Cuidados Clínicos em Enfermagem e Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE). Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, Campus do Itaperi. 60714-903 Fortaleza CE Brasil. aliviacante@gmail.com

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Andrea Bezerra Rodrigues

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Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza CE Brasil.

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Edna Maria Camelo Chaves

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Programa de Pós- Graduação em Cuidados Clínicos em Enfermagem e Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE). Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, Campus do Itaperi. 60714-903 Fortaleza CE Brasil. aliviacante@gmail.com

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Paulo César de Almeida

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Programa de Pós- Graduação em Cuidados Clínicos em Enfermagem e Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE). Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, Campus do Itaperi. 60714-903 Fortaleza CE Brasil. aliviacante@gmail.com

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Chief editors:

Romeu Gomes, Antônio Augusto Mourada Silva

P (population)	(infant OR baby OR babies OR neonato OR newborn OR “newborn infant” OR child OR children OR childhood OR “preschool child” OR “preschool children” OR “human neonate” OR “newborn baby” OR “newborn child” OR “newborn infant” OR “newly born baby” OR “newly born child” OR “newly born infant”)
E (exposure)	(“environmental exposure” OR “environmental risk factor” OR "environmental risk” AND pesticide OR agrochemical OR agrichemical OR fertilizer OR chemicals OR herbicide OR algicide OR algaecide OR antibacterial OR antibiotic OR insecticide OR acaricide OR bacteriocide OR fungicide OR miticide OR “insecticidal agent” OR “insecticide agent” OR “fungicidal agent” OR “fungicide agent” OR “mite killer” OR “miticide agent” OR “agricultural chemical” OR “herbicidal agent” OR “herbicide agent” OR “phytotoxic agent” OR "anti-bacterial agente” OR “antiinfective agent” OR “antibacterial agent” OR “bacteriocidal agent” OR “anti-mycobacterial agent” OR “anti mycobacterial agent” OR “antimycobacterial agent”) AND (“chemical compound exposure” OR “pesticide exposure” OR “inhalation exposure” OR “occupational exposure” OR “exposure time” OR exposure)
C (comparison)	Identification by reading the abstract
O (Outcome)	(cerebroma OR glioma OR ganglioglioma OR glioblastoma OR glioblastomas OR glyoblastoma OR astrocytoma OR astroglioma OR oligoastrocytoma OR oligodendroglioma OR olegodendrocytoma OR olegodendroglioma OR oligodendrocytoma OR oligodendrocytosis OR oligodendroblastoma OR ependymoma OR medulloblastoma OR "ependymal glioma" OR “ependymal tumor” OR “ependymal tumour” OR "ependymoma myxopapillare" OR "myxopapillary ependymoma" OR “blastoma medullae” OR "medullo blastoma" OR “nervous system tumor” OR “nervous system neoplasms” OR “nervous system tumour” OR "brain neoplasms" OR "brain neoplasm" OR "brain tumor" OR "brain tumour" OR "cerebral tumor" OR "cerebral tumour" OR "cerebrum tumor" OR "cerebrum tumour" OR "intracerebral tumor" OR "intracerebral tumour" OR "intracranial neoplasm" OR "midline tumor" OR "midline tumour" OR "multiple brain tumor" OR "multiple brain tumour" OR "subtentorial tumor" OR "subtentorial tumour" OR "supratentorial brain tumor" OR "supratentorial brain tumour" OR "supratentorial neoplasms" OR "supratentorial tumor" OR "supratentorial tumour" OR "tumor cerebri" OR "tumour cerebri" OR "brain câncer" OR "brain carcinoma" OR "brain malignant tumor" OR "brain malignant tumour" OR "cerebral carcinoma" OR "cerebral neoplasm" OR "brain glioma" OR "cerebral glioma" OR "glia tumor" OR "glia tumour" OR "glial tumor" OR "glial tumour" OR "high grade glioma" OR "low grade glioma" OR "recurrent glioma" OR “glioblastoma multiforme” OR “glioblastoma multiforme” OR “malignant glioma” OR “anaplastic oligodendroglioma”)

Reference/year	Country	N° of cases and controls	Age (years)	Type of tumor
Bagazgoïtia et al., 2018²⁰20 Bagazgoitia NV, Bailey HD, Orsi L, Lacour B, Guerrini-Rousseau L, Bertozzi AI, Leblond P, Faure-Conter C, Pellier I, Freycon C, Doz F, Puget S, Ducassou S, Clavel J. Maternal residential pesticide use during pregnancy and risk of malignant childhood brain tumors: A pooled analysis of the ESCALE and ESTELLE studies (SFCE). Int J Cancer 2018; 142(3):489-497.	France	437 cases/3,102 controls	0-14	Gliomas, astrocytomas, ependymomas and embryonic tumors
Bunin et al., 1994²¹21 Bunin GR, Buckley JD, Boesel CP, Rorke LB, Meadows AT. Risk factors for astrocytic glioma and primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the brain in young children: a report from the children's cancer group. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1994; 3(3):197-204.	United States	321 cases/321 controls	0-6	Astrocytomas and PNET
Davis et al., 1993²²22 Davis JR, Brownson RC, Garcia R, Bentz BJ, Turner A. Family Pesticide Use and Childhood Brain Cancer. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 1993; 24(1):87-92.	United States	45 cases/85 controls	0-10	Astrocytomas, medulloblastoma and embryonal tumors
Febvey et al., 2016²³23 Febvey O, Schüz J, Bailey HD, Clavel J, Lacour B, Orsi L, Lightfoot T, Roman E, Vermeulen R, Kromhout H, Olsson A. Risk of Central Nervous System Tumors in Children Related to Parental Occupational Pesticide Exposures in three European Case-Control Studies. J Occup Environ Med 2016; 58(10):1046-1052.	France, United Kingdom and Germany	1,361 cases/5,498 controls	0-14	Astrocytomas, ependymomas, embryonic tumors and others
Greenop et al., 2013²⁴24 Greenop K, Peters S, Bailey HD, Fritschi L, Attia J, Scott RJ, Glass DC, Klerk NH, Alvaro F, Armstrong BK, Milne E. Exposure to pesticides and the risk of childhood brain tumors. Cancer Causes Control 2013; 24(7):1269-1278.	Australia	303 cases/941 controls	0-14	Gliomas, ependymomas and embryonal tumors
Nielsen et al., 2005²⁵25 Searles Nielsen SS, Mueller BA, De Roos AJ, Viernes HM, Farin FM, Checkoway H. Risk of Brain Tumors in Children and Susceptibility to Organophosphorus Insecticides: The Potential Role of Paraoxonase (PON1). Environ Health Perspect 2005; 113(7):909-913.	United States	65 cases/136 controls	0-10	Astroglias and PNET
Nielsen et al., 2010²⁶26 Searles Nielsen S, McKean-Cowdin R, Farin FM, Holly EA, Preston-Martin S, Mueller BA. Childhood Brain Tumors, Residential Insecticide Exposure, and Pesticide Metabolism Genes. Environ Health Perspect 2010; 118(1):144-149.	United States	201 cases/285 controls	0-10	Astroglia, medulloblastoma, ependymoma and PNET
Reynolds et al., 2005²⁷27 Reynolds P, Von Behren J, Gunier RB, Goldberg DE, Harnly M, Hertz A. Agricultural Pesticide Use and Childhood Cancer in California. Epidemiology 2005; 16(1):93-100.	United States	352 cases/395 controls	0-4	CNS tumors
Rosso et al., 2008²⁸28 Rosso AL, Hovinga ME, Rorke-Adams LB, Spector LG, Bunin GR. A case-control study of childhood brain tumors and fathers' hobbies - a children's oncology group study. Cancer Causes Control 2008; 19(10):1201-1207.	United States	283 cases/262 controls	0-6	Medulloblastoma and PNET
Shim et al., 2009²⁹29 Shim YK, Mlynarek SP, van Wijngaarden E. Parental Exposure to Pesticides and Childhood Brain Cancer: U.S. Atlantic Coast Childhood Brain Cancer Study. Environ Health Perspect 2009; 117(6):1002-1006.	United States	526 cases/526 controls	0-10	Astrocytoma, PNET and other tumors
Shutz et al., 2001³⁰30 Shutz J, Kaletsch U, Kaatsch P, Meinert R, Michaelis J. Risk Factors for Pediatric Tumors of the Central Nervous System: Results from a German Population-Based Case-Control Study. Med Pediatr Oncol 2001; 36(2):274-282.	Germany	466 cases/2,458 controls	0-14	Medulloblastomas, astrocytoma and ependymomas
Spix et al., 2009³¹31 Spix C, Schulze-Rath R, Kaatsch P, Blettner M. Case-Control Study on Risk Factors for Leukaemia and Brain Tumours in Children under 5 Years in Germany. Klin Padiatr 2009; 221(6):362-368.	Germany	88 cases/204 controls	0-5	CNS tumors
Walker et al., 2007³²32 Walker K, Carozza S, Cooper S, Elgethun K. Childhood Cancer in Texas Counties with Moderate to Intense Agricultural Activity. J Agric Saf Health 2007; 13(1):9-24.	United States	766 cases/3,487 controls	0-14	Astrocytomas and PNET
Wijngaarden et al., 2003³³33 Wijingaarden EV, Stewart PA, Olshan AF, Savitz DA, Bunin GR. Parental Occupational Exposure to Pesticides and Childhood Brain Cancer. Am J Epidemiol 2003; 157(11):989-997.	United States	604 cases/604 controls	0-6	Astrocytomas and PNET

Reference/Year	Place and type of exposure	Odds Ratio (95%CI)
Bagazgoïtia et al., 2018²⁰20 Bagazgoitia NV, Bailey HD, Orsi L, Lacour B, Guerrini-Rousseau L, Bertozzi AI, Leblond P, Faure-Conter C, Pellier I, Freycon C, Doz F, Puget S, Ducassou S, Clavel J. Maternal residential pesticide use during pregnancy and risk of malignant childhood brain tumors: A pooled analysis of the ESCALE and ESTELLE studies (SFCE). Int J Cancer 2018; 142(3):489-497.	The home - Pesticides	Pesticidas (inseticidas) durante a gravidez OR 1,4 (1,2-1,8)
Bunin et al., 1994²¹21 Bunin GR, Buckley JD, Boesel CP, Rorke LB, Meadows AT. Risk factors for astrocytic glioma and primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the brain in young children: a report from the children's cancer group. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1994; 3(3):197-204.	The home - Pesticides	Pesticidas e astrocitoma OR 1,5 (0,8-2,7) Pesticidas e PNET OR 0,7 (0,4-1,4)
Davis et al., 1993²²22 Davis JR, Brownson RC, Garcia R, Bentz BJ, Turner A. Family Pesticide Use and Childhood Brain Cancer. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 1993; 24(1):87-92.	The home - Pesticides Herbicides Insecticides	Pesticidas e pragas OR 3,4 (1,1-0,6) Inseticidas no pomar OR 2,6 (1,1-5,9) Herbicidas no quintal OR 3,4 (1,2-9,3)
Febvey et al., 2016²³23 Febvey O, Schüz J, Bailey HD, Clavel J, Lacour B, Orsi L, Lightfoot T, Roman E, Vermeulen R, Kromhout H, Olsson A. Risk of Central Nervous System Tumors in Children Related to Parental Occupational Pesticide Exposures in three European Case-Control Studies. J Occup Environ Med 2016; 58(10):1046-1052.	Work - Pesticides	Exposição materna durante a gravidez OR 0,76 (0,41-1,41) Exposição paterna durante a gravidez OR 0,71 (0,53-0,95)
Greenop et al., 2013²⁴24 Greenop K, Peters S, Bailey HD, Fritschi L, Attia J, Scott RJ, Glass DC, Klerk NH, Alvaro F, Armstrong BK, Milne E. Exposure to pesticides and the risk of childhood brain tumors. Cancer Causes Control 2013; 24(7):1269-1278.	The home - Pesticides	Pesticidas no ano anterior a gravidez OR 1,54 (1,07-2,22) Pesticidas durante a gravidez OR 1,52 (0,99-2,34) Pesticidas após o nascimento OR 1,04 (0,75-1,43)
Nielsen et al., 2005²⁵25 Searles Nielsen SS, Mueller BA, De Roos AJ, Viernes HM, Farin FM, Checkoway H. Risk of Brain Tumors in Children and Susceptibility to Organophosphorus Insecticides: The Potential Role of Paraoxonase (PON1). Environ Health Perspect 2005; 113(7):909-913.	The home - Pesticides	Pesticidas (por alelo PON1-108T) durante a gravidez ou infância OR 2,6 (1,2-5,5)
Nielsen et al., 2010²⁶26 Searles Nielsen S, McKean-Cowdin R, Farin FM, Holly EA, Preston-Martin S, Mueller BA. Childhood Brain Tumors, Residential Insecticide Exposure, and Pesticide Metabolism Genes. Environ Health Perspect 2010; 118(1):144-149.	The home - Pesticides	Exposição a pesticidas por (alelo PON1-108T) OR 1,8 (1,1-3,0) Exposição a pesticidas por (alelo FMO1-9536) OR 2,7 (1,2-5,9)
Reynolds et al., 2005²⁷27 Reynolds P, Von Behren J, Gunier RB, Goldberg DE, Harnly M, Hertz A. Agricultural Pesticide Use and Childhood Cancer in California. Epidemiology 2005; 16(1):93-100.	Agricultural site - Pesticides	Pesticidas (brometo de metila) OR 1,59 (0,87-2,89) Pesticidas (clorotalonil) OR 1,18 (0,58-2,38)
Rosso et al., 2008²⁸28 Rosso AL, Hovinga ME, Rorke-Adams LB, Spector LG, Bunin GR. A case-control study of childhood brain tumors and fathers' hobbies - a children's oncology group study. Cancer Causes Control 2008; 19(10):1201-1207.	The home - Pesticides	Pesticidas durante a gravidez OR 1,6 (1,0-2,4) Pesticidas após o nascimento OR 1,7, (1,1-2,6)
Shim et al., 2009²⁹29 Shim YK, Mlynarek SP, van Wijngaarden E. Parental Exposure to Pesticides and Childhood Brain Cancer: U.S. Atlantic Coast Childhood Brain Cancer Study. Environ Health Perspect 2009; 117(6):1002-1006.	The home - Pesticides (herbicides)	Astrocitoma e exposições a herbicidas de uso residencial OR 1,9 (1,2-3,0)
Shutz et al., 2001³⁰30 Shutz J, Kaletsch U, Kaatsch P, Meinert R, Michaelis J. Risk Factors for Pediatric Tumors of the Central Nervous System: Results from a German Population-Based Case-Control Study. Med Pediatr Oncol 2001; 36(2):274-282.	The home and farm - Pesticides	Pesticidas nos jardins OR 0,94 (0,68-1,29) e nas fazendas OR 0,41 (0,18-0,93)
Spix et al., 2009³¹31 Spix C, Schulze-Rath R, Kaatsch P, Blettner M. Case-Control Study on Risk Factors for Leukaemia and Brain Tumours in Children under 5 Years in Germany. Klin Padiatr 2009; 221(6):362-368.	Agricultural site e the home - Pesticides	Exposição a pesticidas e herbicidas OR 0,39 (0,18 -0,83)
Walker et al., 2007³²32 Walker K, Carozza S, Cooper S, Elgethun K. Childhood Cancer in Texas Counties with Moderate to Intense Agricultural Activity. J Agric Saf Health 2007; 13(1):9-24.	Agricultural site - Pesticides	Pesticidas e tumores do SNC OR 1,3 (0,9-1,8) Pesticidas e astrocitomas OR 1,4 (0,8-2,2) Pesticidas e PNET OR 1,3 (0,7-2,5)
Wijngaarden et al., 2003³³33 Wijingaarden EV, Stewart PA, Olshan AF, Savitz DA, Bunin GR. Parental Occupational Exposure to Pesticides and Childhood Brain Cancer. Am J Epidemiol 2003; 157(11):989-997.	Work - Pesticides	Astrocitoma e exposição paterna a inseticida OR 1,5 (0,9-2,4) Herbicida OR 1,6 (1,0-2,7) e fungicida OR 1,6 (1,0-2,6) PNET e exposição paterna para herbicidas OR 1,5 (0,9-2,6) Astrocitomas e exposição materna a inseticidas OR 1,9 (1,1-3,3) Herbicidas OR 1,3 (0,5-3,7) e fungicidas não agrícolas OR 1,6 (0,9-2,7)

[1] Chief editors:

Romeu Gomes, Antônio Augusto Mourada Silva

Brasil

Brasil

Pesticide exposure and risk of Central Nervous System tumors in children: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Abstract