Validation of the indicator of alcohol per capita (APC) consumption in Brazil

Alcohol consumption is an important health-related risk factor. A 10% reduction in pure alcohol consumption in liters per capita (APC) is one of the targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This indicator was developed using national data and published in a governmental panel (APC-Brazil). The aim of the present study was to validate the calculation method of the APC indicator using national data for monitoring SDGs. Face validation of the indicator was performed using a metadata form created through a consensus of experts. External validation was ensured by comparing the indicator to national alcohol consumption indicators and the APC used by the World Health Organization (WHO), employing time series analysis, linear correlation, and difference of means. The metadata form was validated by the experts. The analysis of indicators for external validation demonstrated a stable trend in the APC-Brazil in contrast to the downward trend in the APC-WHO; an annual upward trend of 1.4% in regular consumption and 1.2% in binge drinking and intake frequency between three to four times a week; a 4.7% reduction in the frequency of daily intake; an increase in beer (2.3%) and wine (3.5%) sales; and a positive correlation between the APC-Brazil and the mortality rate for individuals 15 years of age or older due to causes fully attributable to alcohol consumption. The APC-Brazil was validated. The comparisons of the indicators demonstrate the suitability of the APC-Brazil in reflecting national alcohol consumption patterns in the population, enabling the implementation of strategies aimed at reducing the burden of this consumption in Brazil.

Keywords:
Alcohol Drinking; Sustainable Development; Health Status; Validation Studies