Blueberry (Vaccinium Ashei, Vaccinium corymbosum)
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Cyanidin-3-galactoside, Cyanidin-3-arabinoside, Delphinidin-3-arabinoside, Delphinidin-3-galactoside, Petunidin-3-glucoside, Petunidin-3-arabinoside, Malvidin-3-galactoside, Malvidin-3-glucoside |
Regulate lipid metabolism, Resolve inflammation |
Glucose ↑, Triglyceride (TG) Accumulation↓, Cholesterol ↓, Insulin secretion ↓, Leptin secretion ↓ |
Stull (2016)Stull, A. J. (2016). Blueberries’ impact on insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. Antioxidants, 5(4), 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox5040044. PMid:27916833. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox5040044...
, Wu et al. (2016b)Wu, T., Yin, J., Zhang, G., Long, H., & Zheng, X. (2016b). Mulberry and cherry anthocyanin consumption prevents oxidative stress and inflammation in diet‐induced obese mice. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 60(3), 687-694. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201500734. PMid:26627062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201500734...
Xie et al. (2016)Xie, L., Lee, S. G., Vance, T. M., Wang, Y., Kim, B., Lee, J.-Y., Chun, O. K., & Bolling, B. W. (2016). Bioavailability of anthocyanins and colonic polyphenol metabolites following consumption of aronia berry extract. Food Chemistry, 211, 860-868. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.05.122. PMid:27283706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.201...
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Blackcurrant
(Ribes nigrum)
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Delphinidin-3-glucoside, Delphinidin-3-orutinoside, Cyanidin-3-glucoside, Cyanidin-3-rutinoside |
Controlling weigh gain |
Adipogenic genes ↓ |
Benn et al. (2014)Benn, T., Kim, B., Park, Y.-K., Wegner, C. J., Harness, E., Nam, T.-G., Kim, D.-O., Lee, J. S., & Lee, J.-Y. (2014). Polyphenol-rich blackcurrant extract prevents inflammation in diet-induced obese mice. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 25(10), 1019-1025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.05.008. PMid:25034502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014...
Esposito et al. (2015)Esposito, D., Damsud, T., Wilson, M., Grace, M. H., Strauch, R., Li, X., Lila, M. A., & Komarnytsky, S. (2015). Black currant anthocyanins attenuate weight gain and improve glucose metabolism in diet-induced obese mice with intact, but not disrupted, gut microbiome. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 63(27), 6172-6180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00963. PMid:26066489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5b009...
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Cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos) |
Cyanidin-3-galactoside, Cyanidin-3-arabinoside, Peonidin-3-galactoside, Peonidin-3-arabinoside |
Controlling weigh gain Insulin resistance ↓ |
Glucose ↓ |
Wilson et al. (2010)Wilson, T., Luebke, J. L., Morcomb, E. F., Carrell, E. J., Leveranz, M. C., Kobs, L., Schmidt, T. P., Limburg, P. J., Vorsa, N., & Singh, A. P. (2010). Glycemic responses to sweetened dried and raw cranberries in humans with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Food Science, 75(8), H218-H223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01800.x. PMid:21535498. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.20...
, Wang et al. (2015)Wang, L., Li, Y. M., Lei, L., Liu, Y., Wang, X., Ma, K. Y., & Chen, Z. Y. (2015). Cranberry anthocyanin extract prolongs lifespan of fruit flies. Experimental Gerontology, 69, 189-195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2015.06.021. PMid:26159161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2015.0...
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Raspberry (Rubus idaeus) |
Cyanidin-3-glucoside, Cyanidin-3-sophorosides, Pelargonidin-3-glucosides, Pelargonidin-3-diglucoside, Pelargonidin-3-rutinocides, Pelargonidin-3-sambubiosides |
Energy expenditure ↑, Lipid accumulation ↓, Inflammatory response ↓ |
Cholesterol ↓, Adinopectin ↑, Insulin sentivity ↑, IL-6 ↓ |
Bonetta (2018)Bonetta, R. (2018). Potential Therapeutic Applications of MnSODs and SOD‐Mimetics. Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 24(20), 5032-5041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201704561. PMid:29131419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201704561...
, Jeong et al. (2014)Jeong, H. S., Hong, S. J., Lee, T.-B., Kwon, J.-W., Jeong, J. T., Joo, H. J., Park, J. H., Ahn, C.-M., Yu, C. W., & Lim, D.-S. (2014). Effects of black raspberry on lipid profiles and vascular endothelial function in patients with metabolic syndrome. Phytotherapy Research, 28(10), 1492-1498. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5154. PMid:24706588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5154...
, Sardo et al. (2016)Sardo, C. L., Kitzmiller, J. P., Apseloff, G., Harris, R. B., Roe, D. J., Stoner, G. D., & Jacobs, E. T. (2016). An open-label randomized crossover trial of lyophilized black raspberries on postprandial inflammation in older overweight males: a pilot study. American Journal of Therapeutics, 23(1), e86-e91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MJT.0b013e3182a40bf8. PMid:23982695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MJT.0b013e3182...
, Overall et al. (2017)Overall, J., Bonney, S. A., Wilson, M., Beermann, A., Grace, M. H., Esposito, D., Lila, M. A., & Komarnytsky, S. (2017). Metabolic effects of berries with structurally diverse anthocyanins. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(2), 422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18020422. PMid:28212306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18020422...
, Zhao et al. (2018)Zhao, L., Zou, T., Gomez, N. A., Wang, B., Zhu, M. J., & Du, M. (2018). Raspberry alleviates obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle through activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) α1. Nutrition & Diabetes, 8(1), 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41387-018-0049-6. PMid:29961765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41387-018-004...
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Mulberry (Morus australis P.) |
Cyanidin-3-glucoside, Cyanidin-3-rutinoside, Pelarginidin-3-glucose |
Ameliorate lipid metabolism, Inhibition of food intake |
Glucose ↓, Leptin secretion ↓ |
Wu et al. (2016b)Wu, T., Yin, J., Zhang, G., Long, H., & Zheng, X. (2016b). Mulberry and cherry anthocyanin consumption prevents oxidative stress and inflammation in diet‐induced obese mice. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 60(3), 687-694. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201500734. PMid:26627062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201500734...
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Siberian Ginseng
(Eleutherococcus senticosus)
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Cyanidin-3-glucoside |
Regulate lipid metabolism, Energy expenditure ↑ |
AMPK (Activated protein kinase enzyme) regulation |
Lee et al. (2013)Lee, J. H., Lim, J. D., & Choung, M. G. (2013). Studies on the anthocyanin profile and biological properties from the fruits of Acanthopanax senticosus (Siberian Ginseng). Journal of Functional Foods, 5(1), 380-388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2012.11.010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2012.11....
, Overall et al. (2017)Overall, J., Bonney, S. A., Wilson, M., Beermann, A., Grace, M. H., Esposito, D., Lila, M. A., & Komarnytsky, S. (2017). Metabolic effects of berries with structurally diverse anthocyanins. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(2), 422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18020422. PMid:28212306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18020422...
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Aronia (Aronia melanocarpa) |
Cyanidin-3-galactoside, Cyanidin-3-glucoside, Cyanidin-3-arabinoside, Cyanidin-3-xyloside |
Modulate adipogenesis related functions, Lipid metabolism regulation |
Energy expenditure ↑, Suppress food intake |
Xie et al. (2016)Xie, L., Lee, S. G., Vance, T. M., Wang, Y., Kim, B., Lee, J.-Y., Chun, O. K., & Bolling, B. W. (2016). Bioavailability of anthocyanins and colonic polyphenol metabolites following consumption of aronia berry extract. Food Chemistry, 211, 860-868. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.05.122. PMid:27283706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.201...
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Red Grapes
(Vitis vinifera)
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Cyanidin-3-glucoside, Delphinidin-3-glucoside, Malvidin-3-glucoside, Peonidin-3-glucoside, Petunidin-3-glucoside |
Controlling weight gain, Inflammatory response ↓ |
Increased glucose tolerance |
Chuang et al. (2012)Chuang, C. C., Shen, W., Chen, H., Xie, G., Jia, W., Chung, S., & McIntosh, M. K. (2012). Differential effects of grape powder and its extract on glucose tolerance and chronic inflammation in high-fat-fed obese mice. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 60(51), 12458-12468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf3028107. PMid:23210691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf3028107...
, Budić-Leto et al. (2018)Budić-Leto, I., Mucalo, A., Ljubenkov, I., & Zdunić, G. (2018). Anthocyanin profile of wild grape Vitis vinifera in the eastern Adriatic region. Scientia Horticulturae, 238, 32-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2018.04.036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2018...
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Black Carrots (Daucus carota L.) |
Cyanidin-3-rutinoside, Malvidin-3,5-diglycoside, Delphinidin-3-glucoside |
Hepatic triglyceride accumulation ↓ |
Energy expenditure ↑, Regulation lipid metabolism |
Park et al. (2015)Park, S., Kang, S., Jeong, D. Y., Jeong, S. Y., Park, J. J., & Yun, H. S. (2015). Cyanidin and malvidin in aqueous extracts of black carrots fermented with Aspergillus oryzae prevent the impairment of energy, lipid and glucose metabolism in estrogen-deficient rats by AMPK activation. Genes & Nutrition, 10(2), 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12263-015-0455-5. PMid:25701199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12263-015-045...
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Purple Sweet Potato
(Ipomoea Batatas)
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Cyanidin-3-glucoside, Peonidin-3-glucoside |
Lipid metabolism regulation, Hepatic triglyceride accumulation ↓ |
Leptin secretion ↓, Adipogenic factors ↓ |
Andre et al. (2007)Andre, C. M., Oufir, M., Guignard, C., Hoffmann, L., Hausman, J. F., Evers, D., & Larondelle, Y. (2007). Antioxidant profiling of native Andean potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.) reveals cultivars with high levels of β-carotene, α-tocopherol, chlorogenic acid, and petanin. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 55(26), 10839-10849. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf0726583. PMid:18044831. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf0726583...
, Poudyal et al. (2010)Poudyal, H., Panchal, S., & Brown, L. (2010). Comparison of purple carrot juice and β-carotene in a high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet-fed rat model of the metabolic syndrome. British Journal of Nutrition, 104(9), 1322-1332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114510002308. PMid:20619064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114510002...
, Ju et al. (2011)Ju, J.-H., Yoon, H.-S., Park, H.-J., Kim, M.-Y., Shin, H.-K., Park, K.-Y., Yang, J.-O., Sohn, M.-S., & Do, M.-S. (2011). Anti-obesity and antioxidative effects of purple sweet potato extract in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in vitro. Journal of Medicinal Food, 14(10), 1097-1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2010.1450. PMid:21861722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2010.1450...
, Zhang et al. (2015)Zhang, Y., Niu, F., Sun, J., Xu, F., & Yue, R. (2015). Purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) color alleviates high-fat-diet-induced obesity in SD rat by mediating leptin’s effect and attenuating oxidative stress. Food Science and Biotechnology, 24(4), 1523-1532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10068-015-0196-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10068-015-019...
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Red Radish (Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. Sativus) |
Cyanidin-3-glucoside, Pelarginidin-3-glucoside |
Lipid metabolism regulation |
Triglyceride (TG) accumulation ↓ |
Lee et al. (2018)Lee, N. K., Cheon, C. J., & Rhee, J. K. (2018). Anti-obesity effect of red radish coral sprout extract by inhibited triglyceride accumulation in a microbial evaluation system and in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 28(3), 397-400. http://dx.doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1802.02005. PMid:29539876. http://dx.doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1802.02005...
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