Extraction optimization of polyphenols, antioxidant and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities from <i>Prunus salicina</i> Lindl.

LI, Yibin; LAI, Pufu; CHEN, Junchen; SHEN, Hengsheng; TANG, Baosha; WU, Li; WENG, Minjie

doi:10.1590/1678-457X.0022

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Research Paper • Food Sci. Technol. 36 (3) • Jul-Sep 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-457X.0022 copy

Extraction optimization of polyphenols, antioxidant and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities from Prunus salicina Lindl.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Optimization of polyphenols extraction from plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) was evaluated using response surface methodology. The Box-Behnken experimental results showed the optimal conditions involved an extraction temperature of 59 °C, a sonication time of 47 min, and an ethanol concentration of 61% respectively. The maximum extraction yield of total polyphenols was 44.74 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of dried plum at optimal conditions. Polyphenol extracts exhibited stronger antioxidant activities than V_c by evaluating of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. Furthermore, polyphenol extracts (IC₅₀ = 179 g/mL) showed obvious inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase. These findings suggest that polyphenol extracts from P. salicina can be potentially used as natural antioxidant and xanthine oxidase inhibitory agents.

Keywords:
Prunus salicina Lindl.; polyphenols; response surface methodology; antioxidant activities; xanthine oxidase inhibitory

Symbols	Independent variables	Factor levels
Symbols	Independent variables	–1	0	1
X₁	Extraction temperature (°C)	40	50	60
X₂	Sonication time (min)	30	45	60
X₃	Ethanol concentration (%, v/v)	40	60	80

Run	X₁(°C)	X₂(min)	X₃(%)	Y (mg GAE/g DP)^* * Mean values (n = 3) ± S.D.
1	50	45	60	39.01 ± 0.56
2	60	45	40	40.55 ± 0.49
3	60	30	60	40.41 ± 0.71
4	40	45	80	24.27 ± 0.38
5	60	60	60	40.11 ± 0.36
6	50	45	60	42.69 ± 0.69
7	50	45	60	41.62 ± 1.03
8	50	30	40	31.73 ± 0.82
9	40	30	60	21.84 ± 0.28
10	40	45	40	21.25 ± 0.57
11	50	30	80	29.59 ± 0.54
12	50	60	40	35.36 ± 0.84
13	50	45	60	39.31 ± 1.13
14	40	60	60	24.85 ± 0.47
15	50	45	60	40.16 ± 1.22
16	50	60	80	36.09 ± 0.75
17	60	45	80	42.84 ± 1.17

Source	Sum of Squares	DF	Mean Square	F-Value	p-Value
Model	908.57	9	100.95	29.02	<0.0001
X₁	642.61	1	642.61	184.72	<0.0001
X₂	20.61	1	20.61	5.92	0.0452
X₃	1.90	1	1.90	0.55	0.4838
X₁ X₂	2.74	1	2.74	0.79	0.4044
X₁ X₃	0.13	1	0.13	0.038	0.8504
X₂ X₃	2.06	1	2.06	0.59	0.4668
X₁²	99.46	1	99.46	28.59	0.0011
X2²	63.89	1	63.89	18.36	0.0036
X₃²	50.71	1	50.71	14.58	0.0066
Residual	24.35	7	3.48
Lack of Fit	14.57	3	4.86	1.98	0.2585
Pure Error	9.79	4	2.45
Corrected Total	932.92	16

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[1] *Corresponding author: junchencc@sina.com, 149829368@qq.com