Prospective memory in Alzheimer's disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Spíndola, Lívia; Brucki, Sonia Maria Dozzi

doi:10.1590/S1980-57642011DN05020002

Abstract

Prospective memory (PM) is defined as remembering to carry out intended actions at an appropriate point in the future, and can be categorized into three types of situation: time-, event-, and activity-based tasks. PM involves brain structures such as frontal and medial temporal cortices. The aim of this study was to review the currently available literature on PM in Alzheimer's disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment patients. We performed a search on Pubmed, Medline, ScieLO, LILACS and the Cochrane Library electronic databases from January 1990 to December 2010. The key terms used were: prospective memory, memory for intentions, delayed memory and memory for future actions, separately and also combined with the search terms dementia, Alzheimer's disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment. Both patient groups showed significant impairment in PM. Further studies are needed to verify the accuracy of PM tasks as an early marker of mild cognitive impairment, and initial dementia.

Key words:
prospective memory; memory for intentions; dementia; Alzheimer's disease; mild cognitive impairment.

Resumo

Memória prospectiva (MP) é lembrar-se de completar ações intencionadas num ponto do futuro, pode ser categorizada em três tipos de situação: tarefas baseadas em tempo, evento e atividade. MP envolve estruturas cerebrais como córtices frontais e temporais mediais. Este artigo teve como objetivo revisar a literatura disponível de MP na doença de Alzheimer e Comprometimento Cognitivo Leve. Nós realizamos uma pesquisa nas bases de dados: Pubmed, Medline, ScieLO, LILACS e Cochrane Library electronic de janeiro de 1990 a dezembro de 2010. Os termos chave usados foram: prospective memory, memory for intentions, delayed memory e memory for future actions, combinados com os termos dementia, Alzheimer's disease e Mild Cognitive Impairment. Os grupos de pacientes demonstraram comprometimento importante em tarefas de MP. Mais estudos são necessários para verificar a acurácia de tarefas de MP como um marcador precoce de comprometimento cognitivo leve e demência inicial.

Palavras-chave:
memória prospectiva; memória para intenções; demência; doença de Alzheimer; comprometimento cognitivo leve.

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References

McDaniel MA, Einstein GO. Prospective memory: a new research enterprise. In: McDaniel MA, Einstein GO (Eds.), Prospective memory: an overview and synthesis of an emerging. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 2007:1-11.
Chasteen AL, Park DC, Schwarz N. Implementation intentions and facilitation of prospective memory. Psychol Sci 2001;12:457-461.
Smith G, Della Sala S, Logie RH, Maylor EA. Prospective and retrospective memory in normal ageing and dementia: a questionnaire study. Memory 2000;8:311-321.
Einstein GO, McDaniel MA. Normal aging and prospective memory. J Exp Psychol 1990;16:717-726.
Kvavilashvili L, Ellis J. Varieties of intention: Some distinctions and classification. In: Brandimonte M, Einstein GO, McDaniel MA (Eds.), Prospective memory: theory and applications. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum; 1996:23-52
Einstein GO, McDaniel MA, Richardson SL, et al. Aging and prospective memory: examining the influences of self-initiated retrieval processes. J Exp Psychol 1995;21:996-1007.
Craik FIM. A functional account of age differences in memory. In: Klix F, Hagendorf H(Eds.), Human memory and cognitive capabilities. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1986.
West RL. An application of prefrontal cortex function theory to cognitive aging. Psychol Bull 1996;120:272-292.
McDaniel MA, Einstein GO. Aging and prospective memory: Basic findings and practical applications. Adv Learn Behav Dis 1992;7:87-105.
Kliegel M, McDaniel MA, Einstein GO. Plan formation, retention, and execution in prospective memory: a new approach and age-related effects. Mem Cognit 2000;28:1041-1049.
Ellis J. Prospective memory or the realization of delayed intentions: a conceptual framework for research. In: Brandimonte M, Einstein GO, McDaniel MA (Eds.). Prospective memory: theory and applications . Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum ; 1996:1-22.
Shallice PW, Burgess PW. Deficits in strategy application following frontal lobe damage in man. Brain 1991;114:727-741.
Palmer, HM, McDonald, S. The role of frontal and temporal lobe processes in prospective remembering. Brain Cogn 2000; 44:103-107.
Okuda J, Fujii T, Yamadori A, et al. Participation of the prefrontal cortices in prospective memory: evidence from a PET study in humans. Neurosci Lett 1998;253:127-130.
Burgess, PW, Quayle A, Frith CD. Brain regions involved in prospective memory as determined by positron emission tomography. Neuropsychologia 2001;39:545-555.
Burgess PW, Scott SK, Frith CD. The role of the rostral frontal cortex (area 10) in prospective memory: a lateral versus medial dissociation. Neuropsychologia 2003;41:439-453.
Khachaturian ZS. Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Arch Neurol 1985;42:1097-1105.
McKee AC, Au R, Cabral HJ, et al. Visual association pathology in preclinical Alzheimer disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2006;65:621-630
Backman L, Jones S, Berger AK, Laukka EJ, Small BJ. Cognitive impairment in preclinical Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis. Neuropsychology 2005;19: 520-531.
Amieva H, Lafont S, Auriacombe S, et al. Analysis of error types in the trail making test evidences an inhibitory deficit in dementia of Alzheimer type. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 1998; 20:280-285
Huppert FA, Beardsall L. Prospective memory impairment as an early indicator of dementia. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 1993;15:805-821.
Huppert FA, Johnson T, Nickson J. High prevalence of prospective memory impairment in the elderly and in early-stage dementia: findings from a population-based study. Appl Cogn Psychol 2000;14:S63-S81.
Maylor EA, Smith G, Della Sala S, Logie RH. Prospective and retrospective memory in normal aging and dementia: an experimental study. Mem Cognit 2002;30:871-884.
Driscoll I, McDaniel MA, Guynn MJ. Apolipoprotein E and prospective memory in normally aging adults. Neuropsychology 2005;19:28-34.
Duchek JM , Balota DA, Cortese M. Prospective memory and Apolipoprotein E in healthy aging and early stage Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychology 2006; 20:633-644 .
Jones S, Livner Å, Bäckman L. Patterns of prospective and retrospective memory impairment in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychology 2006;20:144-152.
Kinsella GJ , Ong B , Storey E , Wallace J, Hester R. Elaborated spaced-retrieval and prospective memory in mild Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychol Rehab 2007;17:688-706.
Martins SP, Damasceno BP. Prospective and retrospective memory in mild Alzheimer's disease. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2008;66:318-322.
Kazui H , Matsuda A, Hirono N, et al. Everyday memory impairment of patients with mild cognitive impairment. Dem Geriatr Cogn Dis 2005;19:331-337.
Troyer AK, Murphy KJ. Memory for intentions in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: time- and event-based prospective memory. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2007;13:365-369 .
Blanco-Campal A, Coen RF, Lawlor BA, Walsh JB, Burke TE. Detection of prospective memory deficits in mild cognitive impairment of suspected Alzheimer's disease etiology using a novel event-based prospective memory task. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2009;15:154-159 .
Karantzoulis S, Troyer AK, Rich JB. Prospective memory in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2009;15:407-415.
Raskin S. (2005). Memory for intentions screening test. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2005;11(Suppl 1):118-119.
Schmitter-Edgecombe M, Woo E, Greeley DR. Characterizing multiple memory deficits and their relation to everyday functioning in individuals with mild cognitive impairment. Neuropsychology 2009;23:168-177 .
Thompson C, Henry JD, Rendell PG, Withall A, Brodaty H. Prospective memory function in mild cognitive impairment and early dementia. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2010;16:318-325.
Costa A, Perri R, Serra L, et al. Prospective memory functioning in Mild Cognitive Impairment. Neuropsychology 2010;24: 327-335.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
Apr-Jun 2011

History

Received
02 Jan 2011
Accepted
10 Mar 2011

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License

[1] McDaniel MA, Einstein GO. Prospective memory: a new research enterprise. In: McDaniel MA, Einstein GO (Eds.), Prospective memory: an overview and synthesis of an emerging. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 2007:1-11.

[2] Chasteen AL, Park DC, Schwarz N. Implementation intentions and facilitation of prospective memory. Psychol Sci 2001;12:457-461.

[3] Smith G, Della Sala S, Logie RH, Maylor EA. Prospective and retrospective memory in normal ageing and dementia: a questionnaire study. Memory 2000;8:311-321.

[4] Einstein GO, McDaniel MA. Normal aging and prospective memory. J Exp Psychol 1990;16:717-726.

[5] Kvavilashvili L, Ellis J. Varieties of intention: Some distinctions and classification. In: Brandimonte M, Einstein GO, McDaniel MA (Eds.), Prospective memory: theory and applications. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum; 1996:23-52

[6] Einstein GO, McDaniel MA, Richardson SL, et al. Aging and prospective memory: examining the influences of self-initiated retrieval processes. J Exp Psychol 1995;21:996-1007.

[7] Craik FIM. A functional account of age differences in memory. In: Klix F, Hagendorf H(Eds.), Human memory and cognitive capabilities. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1986.

[8] West RL. An application of prefrontal cortex function theory to cognitive aging. Psychol Bull 1996;120:272-292.

[9] McDaniel MA, Einstein GO. Aging and prospective memory: Basic findings and practical applications. Adv Learn Behav Dis 1992;7:87-105.

[10] Kliegel M, McDaniel MA, Einstein GO. Plan formation, retention, and execution in prospective memory: a new approach and age-related effects. Mem Cognit 2000;28:1041-1049.

[11] Ellis J. Prospective memory or the realization of delayed intentions: a conceptual framework for research. In: Brandimonte M, Einstein GO, McDaniel MA (Eds.). Prospective memory: theory and applications . Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum ; 1996:1-22.

[12] Shallice PW, Burgess PW. Deficits in strategy application following frontal lobe damage in man. Brain 1991;114:727-741.

[13] Palmer, HM, McDonald, S. The role of frontal and temporal lobe processes in prospective remembering. Brain Cogn 2000; 44:103-107.

[14] Okuda J, Fujii T, Yamadori A, et al. Participation of the prefrontal cortices in prospective memory: evidence from a PET study in humans. Neurosci Lett 1998;253:127-130.

[15] Burgess, PW, Quayle A, Frith CD. Brain regions involved in prospective memory as determined by positron emission tomography. Neuropsychologia 2001;39:545-555.

[16] Burgess PW, Scott SK, Frith CD. The role of the rostral frontal cortex (area 10) in prospective memory: a lateral versus medial dissociation. Neuropsychologia 2003;41:439-453.

[17] Khachaturian ZS. Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Arch Neurol 1985;42:1097-1105.

[18] McKee AC, Au R, Cabral HJ, et al. Visual association pathology in preclinical Alzheimer disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2006;65:621-630

[19] Backman L, Jones S, Berger AK, Laukka EJ, Small BJ. Cognitive impairment in preclinical Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis. Neuropsychology 2005;19: 520-531.

[20] Amieva H, Lafont S, Auriacombe S, et al. Analysis of error types in the trail making test evidences an inhibitory deficit in dementia of Alzheimer type. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 1998; 20:280-285

[21] Huppert FA, Beardsall L. Prospective memory impairment as an early indicator of dementia. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 1993;15:805-821.

[22] Huppert FA, Johnson T, Nickson J. High prevalence of prospective memory impairment in the elderly and in early-stage dementia: findings from a population-based study. Appl Cogn Psychol 2000;14:S63-S81.

[23] Maylor EA, Smith G, Della Sala S, Logie RH. Prospective and retrospective memory in normal aging and dementia: an experimental study. Mem Cognit 2002;30:871-884.

[24] Driscoll I, McDaniel MA, Guynn MJ. Apolipoprotein E and prospective memory in normally aging adults. Neuropsychology 2005;19:28-34.

[25] Duchek JM , Balota DA, Cortese M. Prospective memory and Apolipoprotein E in healthy aging and early stage Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychology 2006; 20:633-644 .

[26] Jones S, Livner Å, Bäckman L. Patterns of prospective and retrospective memory impairment in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychology 2006;20:144-152.

[27] Kinsella GJ , Ong B , Storey E , Wallace J, Hester R. Elaborated spaced-retrieval and prospective memory in mild Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychol Rehab 2007;17:688-706.

[28] Martins SP, Damasceno BP. Prospective and retrospective memory in mild Alzheimer's disease. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2008;66:318-322.

[29] Kazui H , Matsuda A, Hirono N, et al. Everyday memory impairment of patients with mild cognitive impairment. Dem Geriatr Cogn Dis 2005;19:331-337.

[30] Troyer AK, Murphy KJ. Memory for intentions in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: time- and event-based prospective memory. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2007;13:365-369 .

[31] Blanco-Campal A, Coen RF, Lawlor BA, Walsh JB, Burke TE. Detection of prospective memory deficits in mild cognitive impairment of suspected Alzheimer's disease etiology using a novel event-based prospective memory task. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2009;15:154-159 .

[32] Karantzoulis S, Troyer AK, Rich JB. Prospective memory in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2009;15:407-415.

[33] Raskin S. (2005). Memory for intentions screening test. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2005;11(Suppl 1):118-119.

[34] Schmitter-Edgecombe M, Woo E, Greeley DR. Characterizing multiple memory deficits and their relation to everyday functioning in individuals with mild cognitive impairment. Neuropsychology 2009;23:168-177 .

[35] Thompson C, Henry JD, Rendell PG, Withall A, Brodaty H. Prospective memory function in mild cognitive impairment and early dementia. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2010;16:318-325.

[36] Costa A, Perri R, Serra L, et al. Prospective memory functioning in Mild Cognitive Impairment. Neuropsychology 2010;24: 327-335.

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