ABSTRACT
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDA-R) encephalitis is the second-most-common cause of autoimmune encephalitis, based on epidemiological studies. It has been predominantly described in young females, with prominent psychiatric symptoms, memory loss, decrease in level of consciousness, epilepsy, and central hypoventilation. The condition is commonly associated with mature ovarian teratomas. We describe a video report with a classic presentation of anti-NMDA-R encephalitis in a young patient with no identifiable tumor. Anti-NMDA encephalitis is a recognizable and treatable illness. The prognosis of patients depends on early diagnosis, implementation of appropriate immunomodulatory therapy and, in paraneoplastic cases, complete tumor removal. Clinicians should be wary of this condition, especially when assessing patients with recent onset of psychiatric symptoms unresponsive to antipsychotic treatment.
Key words:
Anti-NMDA-R; autoimmune encephalitis; psychiatric symptoms.
RESUMO
A encefalite anti-NMDA é a segunda causa mais comum de encefalite autoimune, com base em estudos epidemiológicos. Foi descrito predominantemente em mulheres jovens, com sintomas psiquiátricos proeminentes, perda de memória , diminuíção do nível de consciência, epilepsia e hipoventilação central. É comumente associada a teratomas ovarianos maduros. Descrevemos uma paciente jovem, com a apresentação clássica da encefalite anti-NMDA, sem tumor identificável. A encefalite anti-NMDA é uma doença tratável e reconhecível. O prognóstico dos pacientes depende do diagnóstico precoce, da implementação da terapia imunomoduladora apropriada e, no caso de paraneoplasia, a remoção completa do tumor. Esta condição deve ser lembrada, especialmente quando Tratam-se de pacientes com início recente de sintomas psiquiátricos que não respondem ao tratamento antipsicótico.
Palavras-chave:
Anti-NMDA-R; encefalite autoimune; sintomas psiquiátricos.
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REFERENCES
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Publication Dates
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Publication in this collection
Jul-Sep 2013
History
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Received
07 May 2013 -
Accepted
15 July 2013
