WHAT CAN be said, thirty years afterwards, about the two main hypothesis launched in the beginning of the 1970s on rural regions destiny? Scientific evidences show that the dynamics of some of these areas as local responses to globalization do not confirm extreme conjectures on "complete urbanization" or "rural renaissance". Natural amenities that are driving the rural population change, with an urban-rural shift of enterprise behavior, may be showing a new pattern of territorial employment distribution. What also means a new pattern of rural development. In short, this article argues that Lefebvre (1970) e Kayser (1972) were both mistaken.
