Abstract in Portuguese:

Neste artigo pretende-se dar uma contribuição ao debate a respeito do desenvolvimento rural, analisando a importância da luta pela terra como condição para a intensificação do número de assentamentos rurais. Foram estudados os impactos sócio-territoriais dos assentamentos rurais na territorialização da agricultura camponesa e, dessas referências, ponderou-se que a luta pela terra, por meio da ocupação é um elemento importante para se compreender essas novas realidades que se manifestam no campo brasileiro.

Abstract in English:

In this article there is a contribution to the debate regarding the rural development, analyzing the importance of the fight for the land as a condition for the intensification of the number of rural settlements. The socio-territorial impacts of the rural settlements in the agriculture peasant's territorialization was studied. From those references, it was pondered that the fight for the land, by means of the occupation is an important element to understand those new realities that present in the Brazilian field.

Abstract in Portuguese:

A Agricultura sustentável deve envolver o manejo eficiente dos recursos disponíveis para satisfazer às crescentes aspirações de uma também crescente população, mantendo ou melhorando a qualidade do ambiente e conservando os recursos naturais. Tendo surgido há dez mil anos, a agricultura passou por várias fases, atingindo no presente uma eficiência sem precedentes graças ao emprego racional dos avanços científicos. A agricultura tropical enfrenta mais problemas, que são também mais complexos do que aqueles que ocorrem nos climas temperados. Apesar das limitações, o Brasil tem a agricultura tropical mais desenvolvida. Progressos subseqüentes são esperados com o emprego de técnicas inovadoras, como a Biotecnologia.

Abstract in English:

Sustainable agriculture should involve the successful management for resources to satisfy changing human needs while maintaining or enhancing the quality of the environment and conserving natural resources. Since ten thousands years ago agriculture developed to several phases, attaining at present an extraordinary efficiency, thanks to the employment of scientific advances. Tropical agriculture presents more problems of higher complexity in comparison to those of temperate climates. In spite of the limitations, tropical Brazilian agriculture is better developed regarding the tropical world in general. Promising new advances are expected from technical innovations, such as Biotechnology.

Abstract in Portuguese:

DISCUSSIONS on water resources development generally focus on a variety of technical options, often without considering the potential political repercussions of each option. In this paper are incorporated both technical and political considerations in a tech-political decision-making framework. Water resources development alternatives are then examined to evaluate their priorities for development in rural area of Brazil. If we look at the world around us we see that Brazil enjoys abundant fresh water resources: average per capita renewable water resources of about 35.000 m³/year in rivers and a per capita of 5.000 m³/year that could be developed from ground water reservoirs. Nevertheless, the crisis has become apparent as drought; in others, as increased demand; and everywhere, as water pollution. However, fresh water should not appear as constraint in the overall planning process in more than 95 % of states in Brazil, rather realistic development and production targets should be matched to its local water availability. One must began to realize one can no longer follow the philosophy of wastefulness use and discard domestic and industrial sewage into nearby water bodies. For many cases this approach is not merely another alternative, but the only one available.

Abstract in Portuguese:

MARIA da Conceição Tavares exerceu grande influência sobre o pensamento econômico brasileiro. Tratou de assuntos variados, mas há uma preocupação que perpassa toda a sua obra: o desenvolvimento de países "periféricos" (com especial ênfase no caso brasileiro) e a sorte de grandes contingentes da sua população, excluídos economicamente. Seu ponto de partida foi o pensamento cepalino, com ênfase nas relações econômicas e de poder entre nações centrais e periféricas. Porém procurou repensar essa matriz, ampliando a importância de questões como: variáveis internas a cada país, em especial a presença do setor produtor de bens de capital; as necessidades de financiamento do desenvolvimento e como os modos historicamente específicos de atendê-las repercutem.

Abstract in English:

MARIA da Conceição Tavares has had a great influence on Brazilian economic thought. Among the various subjects she treated, there has been a major concern present in all her work, namely, the development of "peripheral" countries (especially Brazil) and the fate of large contingents of its peoples that are economically excluded. Her theoretical matrix was the ideas originated in ecla, which emphasized power and economic relations among "central" and "peripheral" nations. She tried to rebuild this matrix, augmenting the importance of questions such as: variables that were internal to each country, specially the presence of a capital goods department; the need of funds to finance development and the consequences of the historical specific institutions and ways used to provide them.