STABILITY OF PARTIAL NITRITATION OF POULTRY SLAUGHTERHOUSE WASTEWATER IN A SEQUENTIAL BATCH REACTOR

Assis, Tatiane M. de; Schilichting, Marcos V.; Lopes, Carla L.; Kunz, Airton; Gomes, Simone D.

doi:10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v37n2p323-332/2017

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Scientific Paper, Sanitation and Ambient Control • Eng. agríc. 37 (02) • Mar-Apr 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v37n2p323-332/2017 copy

STABILITY OF PARTIAL NITRITATION OF POULTRY SLAUGHTERHOUSE WASTEWATER IN A SEQUENTIAL BATCH REACTOR

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to monitor the stabilization of a sequential batch reactor (SBR) regarding the partial nitritation of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater, aiming at preparing it for a reactor with bacteria that promote anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox). A cylindrical reactor with a useful volume of 3.5 L, mechanical agitation (50 rpm), and suspended biomass was used in the experiment. The strategies adopted for nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) inhibition were cycle time (CT: 24, 16, 6, 5, 4 h and real-time monitoring), free ammonia accumulation, alkalinity restriction and low concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO). The ammonification process, observed at all experimental phases, negatively influenced the control of partial nitritation process. Alkalinity restriction under low cycle times (4 and 5 h) conditions, together with low dissolved oxygen concentration, was a key factor for nitrite-oxidizing bacteria inhibition. Stability of partial nitritation was only reached by real-time monitoring, being the cycles stopped when 50% N–NH₄⁺ and 50% N–NO₂⁻ were present in the reactor.

KEYWORDS:
anammox; deammonification; nitrite; nitrate; nitrafying

Parameter	Poultry wastewater^* * Means ± standard deviation.	Method
TKN (mg L⁻¹)	98 ± 11	4500–Norg C – Semi-micro Kjeldahl (APHA, 2005APHA - AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 21th ed. Washington, DC: APHA, 2005.)
N–NH₄⁺ (mg L⁻¹)	64 ± 10	4500–NH₃ F – Colorimetric (APHA, 2005APHA - AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 21th ed. Washington, DC: APHA, 2005.)
N–NO₂⁻ (mg L⁻¹)	^ Nitrite and nitrate presented values close to zero. TKN: total Kjeldahl nitrogen; COD: chemical oxygen demand; TS: total solids; VSS: volatile suspended solids.	Kit HACH – Colorimetric
N–NO₃⁻(mg L⁻¹)	^ Nitrite and nitrate presented values close to zero. TKN: total Kjeldahl nitrogen; COD: chemical oxygen demand; TS: total solids; VSS: volatile suspended solids.	Kit HACH – Colorimetric
COD (mg L⁻¹)	75 ± 25	5220 D – Colorimetric
pH	6.7 ± 2	Potentiometric (APHA, 2005APHA - AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 21th ed. Washington, DC: APHA, 2005.)
TS (mg L⁻¹)	204 ± 135	2540 B – Gravimetric (APHA, 2005APHA - AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 21th ed. Washington, DC: APHA, 2005.)
VSS (mg L⁻¹)	67 ± 31	2540 E – Gravimetric (APHA, 2005APHA - AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 21th ed. Washington, DC: APHA, 2005.)
Alkalinity (mgCaCO₃ L⁻¹)	407 ± 183	2320 B – Titrimetric (APHA, 2005APHA - AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 21th ed. Washington, DC: APHA, 2005.)

Experimental phase	Strategy
Phase I	CT reduction from 24 to 16 hours, pH control in the range between 7.4 and 7.8, and dissolved oxygen (DO) with an average concentration of 1.0 mg L⁻¹.
Phase II	CT reduction to 6 hours, pH control in the range between 7.4 and 7.8, and DO according to Phase I.
Phase III	CT reduction to 5 hours, inhibition by free ammonia by using a pH range between 8.0 and 9.0, and DO according to Phase I.
Phase IV	CT reduction to 4 hours, sufficient alkalinity supply for oxidation of only 50% N–NH₄⁺, according to [eq. (2)], and oxygen restriction with an average concentration of 0.5 mg L⁻¹.
Phase V	Variable CT, with hourly analysis of N–NH₄⁺, N–NO₃⁻ and N–NO₂⁻ and CT interruption when reaching the proportion required. DO concentration varied between 0.1 and 0.3 mg L⁻¹. Alkalinity supply was sufficient to promote the oxidation of only 50% N–NH₄⁺ to N–NO₂⁻, according to [eq. (2)].

		DO (mg L⁻¹)	pH	TA (mg L⁻¹)	Temp. (°C)	N–NH₄⁺ (mg L⁻¹)	N–NO₂⁻ (mg L⁻¹)	N–NO₃⁻ (mg L⁻¹)
Affluent	Mean	0.60	7.67	613.33	25.90	52.26	6.47	8.10
	SD	0.31	0.14	144.26	2.32	6.57	6.32	6.98
	CV (%)	52.10	1.77	23.52	8.96	12.58	97.68	86.15
Effluent	Mean	4.48	7.70	261.01	34.83	16.94	14.00	30.08
	SD	1.96	0.32	71.22	0.84	20.10	11.50	14.92
	CV (%)	43.81	4.13	27.29	2.42	118.68	82.14	49.62

		DO(mg L⁻¹)	pH	TA (mg L⁻¹)	Temp. (°C)	N–NH₄⁺ (mg L⁻¹)	N–NO₂⁻ (mg L⁻¹)	N–NO₃⁻ (mg L⁻¹)
Affluent	Mean	1.72	7.60	606.63	22.63	44.51	12.03	18.28
	SD	1.58	0.07	115.56	4.35	4.49	2.25	14.85
	CV (%)	91.87	0.96	19.05	19.23	10.08	18.67	81.24
Effluent	Mean	1.70	7.89	539.08	33.85	21.77	49.39	61.14
	SD	1.83	0.28	72.75	1.37	7.75	16.17	24.78
	CV (%)	107.98	3.57	13.49	4.03	35.60	32.73	40.54

		N–NH₄⁺ (mg L⁻¹)	N–NO₂⁻ (mg L⁻¹)	N–NO₃⁻ (mg L⁻¹)	Free ammonia (mg L⁻¹)
Affluent	Mean	46.30	1.90	26.83	–
	SD	7.90	9.90	9.90	–
	CV (%)	17.00	105.00	36.90	–
Effluent	Mean	15.10	7.20	77.00	2.84
	SD	14.52	11.60	32.70	3.32
	CV (%)	96.20	160.60	42.50	116.10

		DO (mg L⁻¹)	TA(mg L⁻¹)	SA (mg L⁻¹)	pH	N–NH₄⁺ (mg L⁻¹)	N–NO₂⁻ (mg L⁻¹)	N–NO₃⁻ (mg L⁻¹)
Affluent	Mean	0.76	213.69	254.20	7.19	46.01	4.38	0.46
	SD	0.22	32.25	121.35	0.35	5.98	4.12	2.11
	CV (%)	3.46	6.62	2.09	20.18	7.69	1.06	0.21
Effluent	Mean	–	166.81	–	7.45	31.64	17.52	2.58
	SD	–	56.40	–	0.31	10.15	15.85	8.85
	CV (%)	–	2.96	–	24.10	3.11	1.10	0.29

Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola SBEA - Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Exatas FCAV/UNESP, Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, km 5, 14884.900 | Jaboticabal - SP, Tel./Fax: +55 16 3209 7619 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revistasbea@sbea.org.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] * Corresponding author. Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná - Unioeste/ Cascavel - PR, Brasil. E-mail: tatianemassis@yahoo.com.br