PERFORMANCE OF CORN SOWING IN FERTILIZATION SYSTEM AND INTERCROPPING

Cortez, Jorge W.; Furlani, Carlos E. A.; Silva, Rouverson P. da; Arcoverde, Sálvio N. S.

doi:10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v38n2p225-231/2018

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Sumário

Scientific Paper, Agricultural Machinery Management • Eng. agríc. (Online) 38 (2) • Mar-Apr 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v38n2p225-231/2018 copy

PERFORMANCE OF CORN SOWING IN FERTILIZATION SYSTEM AND INTERCROPPING

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The performance of the tractor-seeder can be influenced by factors related to the seeder, as loads and crop. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of tractor-seeder at sowing in the corn crop in function of the fertilizer systems (at presowing and at sowing) and those intercropping of crops (corn + bean-Stizolobium deeringianum, corn + bean-Cajanus cajan and corn + bean-Dolichos lab lab). The experiment was carried out at FCAV-UNESP with totally randomized delineation, on factorial scheme (2x3) with four repetitions. The use of fertilization during the pre-sowing resulted in greater displacement speed and effective field capacity in the corn sowing operation, without changing the distribution of corn seeds; however, it demanded more power and volumetric and weight hourly consumption of the tractor fuel.

KEYWORDS
previous fertilization; intercropping; fuel consumption; agricultural mechanization; slippage

Factors	TF (kN)	PTF (kN)	PD (kW)	PP (kW)
Fertilization (F)
Pre-sowing	13.9	17.3	25.5 A	31.8 A
At sowing	14.6	18.7	19.2 B	24.6 B
Intercropping (C)
Stizolobium deeringianum	15.2	19.0	23.8	29.8
Cajanus cajan	13.5	17.3	21.1	26.7
Dolichos lab lab	14.0	17.8	22.0	28.0
F Test
F	0.4 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	1.0 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	15.2 ^ significant (P≤0,01); CV: coefficient of variation (%).	14.7 ^ significant (P≤0,01); CV: coefficient of variation (%).
C	0.8 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.6 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.9 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.9 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);
F x C	0.1 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.4 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.3 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.9 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);
CV	18.8	18.4	17.7	16.4

Factors	V (km h^-1)	Efc (ha h^-1)	EC (kW h ha^-1)	PEC (kW h ha^-1)
Fertilization (F)
Pre-sowing	6.6 A	1.8 A	10.7	13.3
At sowing	4.7 B	1.3 B	11.3	14.4
Intercropping (C)
Stizolobium deeringianum	5.7	1.5	11.7	14.7
Cajanus cajan	5.6	1.5	10.5	13.3
Dolichos lab lab	5.7	1.5	10.8	13.7
F Test
F	3302.3 ^ significant (P≤0.01); CV: coefficient of variation (%).	1298^ significant (P≤0.01); CV: coefficient of variation (%).	0.4 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	1.0 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);
C	0.4 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	1.0 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.8 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.6 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);
F x C	2.7 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.3 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.1 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.5 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);
CV	1.4	2.9	18.8	18.4

Factors	Components of fuel consumption
Factors	Vhc (L h^-1)	Ec (L ha^-1)	Whc (kg h)	Sfc (g kW h^-1)
Fertilization (F)
Pre-sowing	11.9 A	6.6 B	9.9 A	398.9 B
At sowing	10.9 B	8.6 A	9.1 B	500.4 A
Intercropping (C)
Stizolobium deeringianum	11.5	7.7	9.5	412.0
Cajanus cajan	11.2	7.5	9.4	460.9
Dolichos lab lab	11.5	7.7	9.6	476.1
F Test
F	21.9 ^ significant (P≤0.01); CV: coefficient of variation (%).	179.5^ significant (P≤0.01); CV: coefficient of variation (%).	30.9 ^ significant (P≤0.01); CV: coefficient of variation (%).	4.5 ^ significant (P≤0.01); CV: coefficient of variation (%).
C	0.8 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.3 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.6 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.6 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);
F x C	3.4 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	2.2 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	3.4 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.1 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);
CV	4.2	4.5	3.9	26.1

Factors	Tractor slippage		Tractor-seeder efficiency
Factors	FS (%)	RS (%)	EFM (%)	EFC (%)
Fertilization (F)
Pre-sowing	5.7	6.3	104.7	63.3
At sowing	7.5	8.0	99.7	69.7
Intercropping (C)
Stizolobium deeringianum	7.2	8.1	102.1	31.4 B
Cajanus cajan	6.3	7.0	106.5	79.1 A
Dolichos lab lab	6.4	6.4	97.8	89.0 A
F Test
F	2.3 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	1.5 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.9 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	1.3 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);
C	0.3 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.6 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.9 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	42.6 ^ significant (P≤0.01); CV: coefficient of variation (%).
F x C	3.9 ^* * significant (P≤0.05);	2.3 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.5 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.3 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);
CV	45.3	46.7	12.5	20.0

Intercropping	Fertilization
Intercropping	Pre-sowing	At sowing
Stizolobium deeringianum	4.6 Ab	9.8 Aa
Cajanus cajan	4.7 Aa	7.8 Aa
Dolichos lab lab	7.8 Aa	4.9 Aa

Factors	Longitudinal distribution (%)
Factors	Normal	Crops Failure	Double	Normal	Corn Failure	Double
Fertilization (F)
Pre-sowing	39.0	42.8	18.1A	73.3	15.8	10.8
At sowing	55.5	33.3	8.6 B	82.3	8.7	8.9
Intercropping (C)
Stizolobium deeringianum	35.2	64.8 A	0.0 B	82.6	9.7	7.7
Cajanus cajan	55.9	16.7 B	27.4 A	73.3	15.0	11.6
Dolichos lab lab	50.8	32.6 B	12.7 B	77.6	12.1	10.3
F Test
F	3.4 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	1.2 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	4.6 ^* * significant (P≤0.05);	1.2 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	3.5 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.1 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);
C	1.9 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	10.1 ^ significant (P≤0.01); CV: coefficient of variation (%).	12.6 ^ significant (P≤0.01); CV: coefficient of variation (%).	0.4 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.7 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.2 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);
F x C	1.1 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	2.6 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	1.4 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.5 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	1.5 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);	0.1 ^ns ns not significant (P> 0.05);
CV	45.8	57.0	81.7	25.4	75.4	129.7

Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola SBEA - Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Exatas FCAV/UNESP, Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, km 5, 14884.900 | Jaboticabal - SP, Tel./Fax: +55 16 3209 7619 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revistasbea@sbea.org.br

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[1] * Corresponding author. Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados/Dourados - MS, Brasil. E-mail: jorgecortez@ufgd.edu.br