Perceptions of the social support for colostomized men in northern
               Portugal

Reis, Francisco Firmino dos; Carvalho, Amâncio António de Sousa; Santos, Célia Samarina de Brito; Rodrigues, Vítor Manuel Costa Pereira

doi:10.5935/1414-8145.20140081

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RESEARCH • Esc Anna Nery 18 (4) • Oct-Dec 2014 • https://doi.org/10.5935/1414-8145.20140081 copy

Perceptions of the social support for colostomized men in northern Portugal

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objective:

To evaluate the perceptions of colostomized men concerning the social support received and to verify the relationship between perceived social support and socio-demographic variables, the information provided, the support they actually received, and educational sessions at the hospital.

Methods:

This is a descriptive-correlational, cross-sectional study, a quantitative approach with a sample of 112 men who had a colostomy for over a year, in three health units of northern Portugal.

Results:

The average age of participants was 59.9 years, 67.9% were inactive in terms of work, 49.5% perceive support as sufficient, insufficient support 36.2% and 14.3% neutral support. The perception of support is lower in older subjects (r = -0.166; p = 0.018).

Conclusion:

This study showed that the spouse is very important in the life of a colostomised man, particularly in times of difficulties inherent to the disease, representing his main support network.

Men's health; Colostomy; Social support

Variables	Items	Nº	%
Age group	Adult 32-64	98	87.5
	Elderly ≥ 65	14	12.5
Marital status	Single	2	1.8
	Married/Common law	94	83.9
	Widower	12	10.7
	Divorced	4	3.6
Level of education	1^st Cycle	49	43.7
	2^nd Cycle	33	29.5
	3^rd Cycle	17	15.2
	Secondary school	9	8.0
	University education	4	3.6
Residence	Village	44	39.3
	Small town	21	18.7
	Town	47	42.0
Work status	Active	36	32.1
	Inactive	73	67.9
Current or previous Profession	Bank directors	3	2.7
	Technicians	4	3.6
	Administrative staff	15	13.4
	Sales staff	37	33.0
	Drivers	40	35.7
	Farmers and farm hands	13	11.6
Socioeconomic level	Class I - Upper class	4	3.6
	Class II - Upper middle class	27	24.1
	Class III - Middle class	65	58.0
	Class IV - Lower middle Class	16	14.3
	Class V - Lower class	0	0.00

Levels of Social Support	N	%
Insufficient	38	36.2
Neutral	15	14.3
Sufficient	52	49.5

Variables	N	Average	Standard deviation	Test	Test value (F)	Degree of freedom (df)	p
Social Support x Age group
Adults 32-64	91	72.37	11.705	t Student	-0.016	103	0.987
Elderly ≥ 65	14	72.43	11.413	t Student	-0.016	103	0.987
Social support x Marital status
Married/Common law	90	74.18	11.060	KW	16.283	2	0.000
Widower	11	60.64	9.922
Divorced	4	64.25	5.188
Social support x Level of education
1^st cycle	45	72.82	11.947	KW	0.357	3	0.949
2^nd and 3^rd cycles	48	74.33	12.423
Secondary school	9	71.56	11.642
University education	3	74.33	12.423
Social support x Socioeconomic Level
Class I Upper class	3	74.33	12.423	KW	3.938	3	0.268
Class II Upper middle class	25	75.40	11.383
Class III Middle class	62	74.00	10.928
Class IV Lower middle class	15	71.47	14.628
Class V Lower class	0	0.00	0.00
Social support x Previous explanation about the possibility of having an ostomy
Yes	83	72.51	11.123	MW	855.500		0.897
No	21	70.81	12.875	MW	855.500		0.897
Social support x Educational session?
Yes	94	71.94	11.524	t Student	-1.131	101	0.261
No	9	76.56	13.584	t Student	-1.131	101	0.261
Social support x Who did support come from?
Nurses	44	71.34	12.361	ANOVA	0.620	2	0.540
Doctors	3	64.67	15.044
Family and friends	48	72.35	11.203
Social support x job status
Active	36	74.44	7.861	MW	969.00		0.166
Inactive	76	71.48	12.864	MW	969.00		0.166

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[1] Corresponding Author: Francisco Firmino dos Reis. E-mail: firminoreis@hotmail.com