This paper analyses the effects of both the FTAA and the reduction of CO2 emissions, established by the Kyoto Protocol, in order to compare the gains (or losses) on economic and environmental grounds. The instrument employed to perform the simulations are based on GTAP-E (energy), a modified version of GTAP (Global Trade Analysis Project) developed by the Purdue University, which aims to assess the issues related to the use of energy and the impacts of policies that generate climate changes. The results show that environment policies that reduce CO2 emissions despite contributing to cut CO2 on the atmosphere, in general affect negatively the economic welfare on countries that contract such emissions. This result suggests that if a country adopts a free rider behavior towards the FTAA, not reducing its emissions, it would be benefited in relation to other countries that do not adopt this position.
trade and environment; Kyoto Protocol; Free Trade Area of the Americas GTAP-E; CO2 emissions
