Efeitos do FUNDEF/B sobre Frequência Escolar, Fluxo Escolar e Trabalho Infantil: Uma Análise com Base nos Censos de 2000 e 2010^♦

Abstract

This paper evaluates the impact of FUNDEF and FUNDEB on school enrolment, age to grade distortion and child labor of children exposed to financial resources during their school age. We estimate regressions with fixed effects for municipalities and cohorts using microdata from the 2000 and 2010 Censuses and data on local government spending from FINBRA between 1993 and 2010. For municipalities where the share of students attending local schools is equal to the median, an increase of R$100 per capita in transfers is related to an increase in 0.05 percentage points in school attendance, and to a reduction on age to grade distortion of 0.02 years. These effects are equivalent to 1% and 6.5% of standard deviation, respectively, when transfers increase by one standard deviation (R$385 per capita). We also identify stronger effects for children of low socioeconomic status. Effects on child labour are generally null.

Keywords
Education; Government expenditure; School enrollment; Child labor