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Grundtvig and the Folk High Schools in Denmark: dialogues with Paulo Freire and contributions to Youth and Adult Education in Braz

ABSTRACT

A result of the research whose objective was to contribute to the expansion of theoretical references in the field of Youth and Adult Popular Education in Brazil, this article summarizes the biography and main pedagogical ideas of the Danish pastor, historian and philosopher Nicolaj Frederik Severin Grundtvig (1783-1872), whose innovative educational thinking gave rise to the popular adult school movement in Scandinavian countries in the second half of the 19th century. In order to locate the author's works and educational thinking, and understand his influence on the emergence of the popular school movement in Denmark, the essay describes the context of international relations (war conflicts and redefinition of borders) and the socio-economic and political changes that the country went through between the 18th and 19th centuries, with emphasis on agrarian reform, the social emergence of the peasantry, and the transition from the absolutist monarchy to parliamentary system. The study registers the main characteristics of popular schools and briefly addresses the phases through which this educational movement has passed until the present day, narrating its institutionalization in Danish laws and in the country's adult education policies. Acknowledging the singularity of the historical contexts and intellectual background (which explains the diverse conceptions of people and popular culture), the article identifies convergences connecting the thought of the Danish author and the pedagogical ideas of Paulo Freire, supported in the respective versions of Christian humanism. The study highlights the similarity of the authors' criticism towards the traditional school and their emphasis on dialogue as the mediation of education for enlightenment and social participation.

Keywords:
Youth and Adult Education; N; F; S; Grundtvig; Paulo Freire; Danish Folk High School

Setor de Educação da Universidade Federal do Paraná Educar em Revista, Setor de Educação - Campus Rebouças - UFPR, Rua Rockefeller, nº 57, 2.º andar - Sala 202 , Rebouças - Curitiba - Paraná - Brasil, CEP 80230-130 - Curitiba - PR - Brazil
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