Assessment of juvenile delinquency: convergent and criterion validity of the Jesness Inventory - revised - Brazilian - short form

The aim of this study was to analyze evidence of convergent and concurrent criterion validity of the scales of the short form of the Jesness Inventory - Revised - Brazilian version. A sample of 597 male adolescents, aged between 12 and 20 years, participated in the study. The evidence of convergent validity obtained indicates that most scales would have maintained their interpretive meaning in the short form. They also indicated the need for further investigations on the Immaturity scale. The concurrent criterion validity suggests that high scores on the scales can differentiate adolescents based on both criteria, Judicialization and Frequency of self-reported delinquency in the last 12 months. Investment in standardized and brief instruments can drive the development of evidence-based practices in the juvenile justice system and, for this, a research agenda is presented.

Keywords:
Personality tests; Psychometrics; Validity of tests

Authorship

Rafaelle Carolynne Santos COSTA

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras, Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento e Intervenção Psicossocial. Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Subsetor Oeste, 11 (N-11), 14040-901. Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.Universidade de São PauloBrasilRibeirão Preto, SP, Brasil Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras, Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento e Intervenção Psicossocial. Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Subsetor Oeste, 11 (N-11), 14040-901. Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7366-3126

Lais Sette GALINARI

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9959-2314

André Vilela KOMATSU

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, Núcleo de Estudos da Violência. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.Universidade de São PauloBrasilSão Paulo, SP, Brasil Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, Núcleo de Estudos da Violência. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8508-6787

Marina Rezende BAZON

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8037-8710

Correspondence to: M. R. BAZON. E-mail: <mbazon@ffclrp.usp.br>.

R. C. S. COSTA was responsible for study conceptualization, data collection, formal analysis, data management, and for writing this paper; L. S. GALINARI and A. V. KOMATSU collaborated for the analysis plan and for reviewing method, results, and discussion; M. R. BAZON collaborated for the study conceptualization and was responsible for the funding, project management and for the review of the final version of this article.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Tables

Tables (2)

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Table 1.
Spearman’s Rho Correlation Coefficients between scales of the short form of the IJ-R-Br and the SCS, the SSI (n = 129), and the SFS (n = 468)

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Table 2.
Chi-square comparison between occurrences of high or normative scores in the scales of the short form of the Inventory with the Frequency and Judicialization criteria

Table 1. Spearman’s Rho Correlation Coefficients between scales of the short form of the IJ-R-Br and the SCS, the SSI (n = 129), and the SFS (n = 468)

Convergent measures		SM	VO	Im	Au	Al	MA	Wd	SA	Rep	Den	CD	ODD	AI
Self-Control Scale
	Impulsivity	0.41	0.40	0.36	0.35	0.36	0.37	0.09	0.28	-0.11	-0.37	0.38	0.33	0.33
	Physical activities	0.36	0.37	0.24	0.30	0.35	0.26	0.25	0.36	-0.03	-0.34	0.21	0.17	0.23
	Risk seeking	0.52	0.54	0.44	0.47	0.38	0.56	0.20	0.27	-0.13	-0.45	0.51	0.43	0.41
	Self-centered	0.30	0.29	0.13	0.18	0.25	0.18	0.06	-0.02	0.22	-0.17	0.16	0.09	0.27
	Simple tasks	0.38	0.41	0.20	0.42	0.30	0.32	0.07	0.14	-0.03	-0.23	0.51	0.34	0.31
	Volatile temperament	0.48	0.45	0.52	0.43	0.34	0.55	0.21	0.38	-0.28	-0.41	0.50	0.44	0.39
Social Skills Inventory
	Empathy	0.20	0.26	0.21	0.16	0.19	0.26	0.14	0.24	-0.29	-0.27	0.21	0.28	0.19
	Self-control	-0.21	-0.27	-0.32	-0.21	-0.10	-0.45	-0.03	-0.14	0.47	0.24	-0.41	-0.39	-0.17
	Civility	-0.11	-0.17	-0.14	-0.19	-0.08	-0.20	0.07	-0.07	0.42	0.08	-0.31	-0.25	-0.08
	Assertiveness	0.17	0.17	0.30	0.17	0.07	0.29	0.06	0.24	-0.25	-0.19	0.15	0.24	0.12
	Affective approach	0.11	0.14	0.14	0.06	0.07	0.15	0.17	0.22	-0.18	-0.14	0.03	0.16	0.10
	Social resourcefulness	0.27	0.34	0.27	0.27	0.25	0.34	0.19	0.29	-0.26	-0.30	0.27	0.38	0.22
Socialization Factorial Scale
	Agreeableness (S1)	-0.05	-0.10	-0.12	-0.02	-0.09	-0.09	-0.01	0.10	0.19	0.09	-0.09	-0.02	-0.03
	Pro-Sociability (S2)	-0.50	-0.43	-0.34	-0.48	-0.42	-0.45	-0.15	0.06	0.16	0.28	-0.52	-0.48	-0.46
	Trust in people (S3)	-0.52	-0.45	-0.43	-0.46	-0.43	-0.49	-0.30	-0.14	0.31	0.34	-0.44	-0.41	-0.45

Note: The scores on the Social Skills Inventory scales measure the difficulty adolescents report having in emitting behaviors related to these Social Skills classes. Al: Alienation; AI: Asocial Index; Au: Autism; CD: Conduct Disorder; Den: Denial; Im: Immaturity; MA: Manifest Aggression; ODD: Oppositional Defiant Disorder; Rep: Repression; SA: Social Anxiety; SM: Social Maladjustment; VO: Value Orientation; Wd: Withdrawal. The coefficients in bold are significant or have a moderate strength.

Table 2. Chi-square comparison between occurrences of high or normative scores in the scales of the short form of the Inventory with the Frequency and Judicialization criteria

IJ-R-Br(R) scales		Normative frequency (n = 521)		High frequency (n = 76)		Non-judicialized (n = 468)		Judicialized (n = 129)
IJ-R-Br(R) scales		n (%)	Adjusted Res.	n (%)	Adjusted Res.	n (%)	Adjusted Res.	n (%)	Adjusted Res.
SM	0	402 (77.2)	1.3	25 (32.9)	-3.4	384 (82.1)	2.7	43 (33.3)	-4.7
SM	1	119 (22.8)	-2.4	51 (67.1)	6.2	84 (17.9)	-4.5	86 (66.7)	8.5
VO	0	408 (78.3)	0.3	29 (38.2)	-3.5	385 (82.3)	2.3	52 (40.3)	-4.4
VO	1	113 (21.7)	-2.2	47 (61.8)	5.9	83 (17.7)	-3.7	77 (59.7)	7.2
Im	0	409 (78.5)	0.4	51 (67.1)	-0.9	370 (79.1)	0.5	90 (69.8)	-0.9
Im	1	112 (21.5)	-0.7	25 (32.9)	1.8	98 (20.9)	-0.9	39 (30.2)	1.7
Au	0	429 (82.3)	1	39 (51.3)	-2.7	405 (86.5)	1.9	63 (48.8)	-3.7
Au	1	92 (17.7)	-1.9	37 (48.7)	5.1	63 (13.5)	-3.7	66 (51.2)	7.2
Al	0	417 (80.0)	1.5	27 (35.5)	-3.9	402 (85.9)	2.9	42 (32.6)	-5.5
Al	1	104 (20.0)	-2.5	49 (64.5)	6.7	66 (14.1)	-4.9	87 (67.4)	9.3
MA	0	416 (79.8)	1.0	37 (48.7)	-2.7	376 (80.3)	1.1	77 (59.7)	-2.1
MA	1	105 (20.2)	-1.8	39 (51.3)	4.8	92 (19.7)	-1.9	52 (40.3)	3.7
Wd	0	404 (77.5)	0.3	51 (67.1)	-0.9	374 (79.9)	0.9	81 (62.8)	-1.7
Wd	1	117 (22.5)	-0.6	25 (32.9)	1.6	94 (20.1)	-1.6	48 (37.2)	3.1
SA	0	521 (100)		76 (100)		468 (100)		129 (100)
SA	1	-		-		-		-
Rep	0	432 (82.9)	0.0	63 (82.9)	0.0	394 (84.2)	0.3	101 (78.3)	-0.5
Rep	1	89 (17.1)	0.0	13 (17.1)	0.0	74 (15.8)	-0.6	28 (21.7)	1.2
Den	0	445 (85.4)	-0.2	71 (93.4)	0.6	395 (84.4)	-0.5	121 (93.8)	0.9
Den	1	76 (14.6)	0.6	5 (6.6)	-1.6	73 (15.6)	1.2	8 (6.2)	-2.3
CD	0	423 (81.2)	1	38 (50.0)	-2.7	396 (84.6)	1.8	65 (50.4)	-3.5
CD	1	98 (18.8)	-1.9	38 (50.0)	4.9	72 (15.4)	-3.3	64 (49.6)	6.4
ODD	0	389 (74.7)	0.3	49 (64.5)	-0.9	351 (75.0)	0.4	87 (67.4)	-0.8
ODD	1	132 (25.3)	-0.6	27 (35.5)	1.5	117 (25.0)	-0.7	42 (32.6)	1.3
AI	0	399 (76.6)	1.4	26 (34.2)	-3.8	386 (82.5)	2.9	39 (30.2)	-5.5
AI	1	122 (23.4)	-2.3	50 (65.8)	6.0	82 (17.5)	-4.5	90 (69.8)	8.6

Note: The higher the residual value, from +2 or -2 (derived from the critical value of the z distribution), the greater the contribution of this occurrence to the significant result of the chi-square test. This value is abbreviated as Adjusted Res. Al: Alienation; AI: Asocial Index; Au: Autism; CD: Conduct Disorder; Den: Denial; Im: Immaturity; MA: Manifest Aggression; ODD: Oppositional Defiant Disorder; Rep: Repression; SA: Social Anxiety; SM: Social Maladjustment; VO: Value Orientation; Wd: Withdrawal.

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E-mail: psychologicalstudies@puc-campinas.edu.br

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Assessment of juvenile delinquency: convergent and criterion validity of the Jesness Inventory - revised - Brazilian - short form

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[1] Correspondence to: M. R. BAZON. E-mail: <mbazon@ffclrp.usp.br>.