Vegetative Propagation of Amazonian Indigenous Species for Restoration Practices Over a Riverscape Floodplain Disturbed by Silting

The use of native species’ stem cuttings in riparian forests disturbed by silting could be a promising low-tech alternative for restoration practitioners in riverscape rehabilitation. In this study, we evaluated the vegetative propagation of Amazonian native plants (Buchenavia parviflora, Euterpe oleracea, Ficus insipida and Socratea exorrhiza) with the addition of a bio-fertilizer, and humic and fulvic acids in soil disturbed by human-induced silting. We found that F. insipida and B. parviflora were able to grow and showed high survival percentage with the development of leaves, buds, and roots; even in nutrient deficient and clayey soils. We also found that the frequency of application and the concentration of the organic additives did not show significant influence on plants’ development. Thus, advance in situ tests with both species could be an interesting step to contribute to riverine ecosystems restoration practices.

Keywords:
Cuttings; biofertilizer; low-tech; aggradation; riparian forest

Authorship

Rodrigo Weber Felix

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade (NUPEM), Macaé, RJ, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroBrasilMacaé, RJ, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade (NUPEM), Macaé, RJ, Brasil

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7499-0463

Kayza Freitas Pereira

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5402-0822

Maria Silvina Bevilacqua

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7420-0089

Daniel Basílio Zandonadi

Reinaldo Luiz Bozelli

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Biologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroBrasilRio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Biologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

Marcos Paulo Figueiredo-Barros

CORRESPONDENCE TO Rodrigo Weber Felix Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade (NUPEM), Av. São José Barreto, 764, 27965-045, Macaé, RJ, Brasil.e-mail: rodrigowfelix@gmail.com

Associate editor: Rodrigo Studart Corrêa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9422-2629

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures

Figures (7)

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Figure 1
Experiment design with its’ substratum treatments (clay; clay-mix; and control) in three humidity sectors with different distances from the wet wall (sector 1 = 5-6m; sector 2 = 3-4m; sector 3 = 1-2m) during the experiment inside the greenhouse at the Native Plant Nursery, in Carajás National Forest.

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Figure 2
Box-plot (median and Tukey) showing the soil moisture content (%) differences (F = 5.33; p < 0.05) among substratum treatments (clay; clay-mix; and control) in three humidity sectors based in the distance from the experiment to the wet wall (sector 1 = 5-6m; sector 2 = 3-4m; sector 3 = 1-2m) during the experiment inside the greenhouse at the Native Plant Nursery, in Carajás National Forest.

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Figure 3
Box-plot (median and Tukey) showing the concentration of Bioavailable Phosphorus (P) (mg/g) on graph A (H = 17.52; p < 0,05); Total Phosphorus (Total-P) (mg/g) on graph B (H = 13.76; p < 0,05); Total Carbon (Total-C) (mg/g) on graph C (H = 16.21; p < 0,05); among substratum treatments (clay; clay-mix; and control) submitted or not to bio-fertilizer and humic and fulvic acids addition after 45 days of substratum exposure to plants and microorganisms metabolism.

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Figure 4
Presence of leaves (A) and roots (B) among plants individuals (%) for each species tested for vegetative propagation (B. parviflora; F. insipida; E. oleracea and S. exorrhiza).

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Figure 5
Violin-plot (Interquartile and median) showing the number of leaves (units) (U = 0.5; p < 0.05) (Graph A); root length (cm) (U = 72.5; p < 0.05 ) (Graph B); plant length (cm) (U = 26.5; p < 0,05) (Graph C); and stem diameter (cm) (U = 401.5; p = 0.4) (Graph D) of B. parviflora and F. insipida stock plants. Violin plots provide summary statistics typical of boxplot accompanied with a visualization of the probability density of the data.

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Figure 6
Violin-plot (Interquartile and median) showing the number of leaves (t = 2.67; p < 0.05) (A), and root length (cm) (t = 3.22; p < 0.05) (B) for both species B. parviflora and F. insipida, which succeeded in vegetative propagation during the present experiment. Violin plots provide summary statistics typical of boxplot accompanied with a visualization of the probability density of the data.

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Figure 7
Violin-plot (Interquartile and median) showing the number of leaves of B. parviflora (F = 1.46; p = 0.25) (Graph A), and F. insipida (F = 0.77; p = 0.47) (Graph B); the root length of B. parviflora (F = 1.30; p = 0.29) (Graph C), and F. insipida (F = 1.91; p = 0.17) (Graph D); the number of buds of B. parviflora (F = 2.23; p = 0.12) (Graph E), and F. insipida (F = 0.11; p = 0.89). Violin plots provide summary statistics typical of boxplot accompanied with a visualization of the probability density of the data.

Figure 1 Experiment design with its’ substratum treatments (clay; clay-mix; and control) in three humidity sectors with different distances from the wet wall (sector 1 = 5-6m; sector 2 = 3-4m; sector 3 = 1-2m) during the experiment inside the greenhouse at the Native Plant Nursery, in Carajás National Forest.

Figure 2 Box-plot (median and Tukey) showing the soil moisture content (%) differences (F = 5.33; p < 0.05) among substratum treatments (clay; clay-mix; and control) in three humidity sectors based in the distance from the experiment to the wet wall (sector 1 = 5-6m; sector 2 = 3-4m; sector 3 = 1-2m) during the experiment inside the greenhouse at the Native Plant Nursery, in Carajás National Forest.

Figure 3 Box-plot (median and Tukey) showing the concentration of Bioavailable Phosphorus (P) (mg/g) on graph A (H = 17.52; p < 0,05); Total Phosphorus (Total-P) (mg/g) on graph B (H = 13.76; p < 0,05); Total Carbon (Total-C) (mg/g) on graph C (H = 16.21; p < 0,05); among substratum treatments (clay; clay-mix; and control) submitted or not to bio-fertilizer and humic and fulvic acids addition after 45 days of substratum exposure to plants and microorganisms metabolism.

Figure 4 Presence of leaves (A) and roots (B) among plants individuals (%) for each species tested for vegetative propagation (B. parviflora; F. insipida; E. oleracea and S. exorrhiza).

Figure 5 Violin-plot (Interquartile and median) showing the number of leaves (units) (U = 0.5; p < 0.05) (Graph A); root length (cm) (U = 72.5; p < 0.05 ) (Graph B); plant length (cm) (U = 26.5; p < 0,05) (Graph C); and stem diameter (cm) (U = 401.5; p = 0.4) (Graph D) of B. parviflora and F. insipida stock plants. Violin plots provide summary statistics typical of boxplot accompanied with a visualization of the probability density of the data.

Figure 6 Violin-plot (Interquartile and median) showing the number of leaves (t = 2.67; p < 0.05) (A), and root length (cm) (t = 3.22; p < 0.05) (B) for both species B. parviflora and F. insipida, which succeeded in vegetative propagation during the present experiment. Violin plots provide summary statistics typical of boxplot accompanied with a visualization of the probability density of the data.

Figure 7 Violin-plot (Interquartile and median) showing the number of leaves of B. parviflora (F = 1.46; p = 0.25) (Graph A), and F. insipida (F = 0.77; p = 0.47) (Graph B); the root length of B. parviflora (F = 1.30; p = 0.29) (Graph C), and F. insipida (F = 1.91; p = 0.17) (Graph D); the number of buds of B. parviflora (F = 2.23; p = 0.12) (Graph E), and F. insipida (F = 0.11; p = 0.89). Violin plots provide summary statistics typical of boxplot accompanied with a visualization of the probability density of the data.

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Vegetative Propagation of Amazonian Indigenous Species for Restoration Practices Over a Riverscape Floodplain Disturbed by Silting

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[1] CORRESPONDENCE TO Rodrigo Weber Felix Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade (NUPEM), Av. São José Barreto, 764, 27965-045, Macaé, RJ, Brasil.e-mail: rodrigowfelix@gmail.com