Floristic and Structural Composition of Natural Regeneration in a Subtropical Atlantic Forest

Pastório, Fábio; Bloemer, Hanna; Gasper, André de

doi:10.1590/2179-8087.044617

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Original Article, Conservation of Nature • Floresta Ambient. 25 (4) • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.044617 copy

Floristic and Structural Composition of Natural Regeneration in a Subtropical Atlantic Forest

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Understanding the regeneration process in an old growth forest is essential for restoration projects. The present research sought to characterize the floristic and structural composition of shrub-tree species in São Francisco de Assis Municipal Park in Blumenau-SC. We sampled 50 permanent plots divided into three height classes. We estimated the total natural regeneration index for each species, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou equability, and classified the species according to life-form and ecological group. A total of 1048 individuals were found, distributed in 112 species, 69 genera and 37 families. The species with the highest values of total natural regeneration index were Rudgea recurva, R. jasminoides, Ouratea parviflora, Psychotria nuda and Virola bicuhyba. The Shannon and Pielou indices demonstrated high diversity and equability for the natural regeneration area sampled. The results indicate species possibly capable of reaching the tree strata, and also indicate high forest conservation.

Keywords:
diversity; phytosociology; shrubs

Species	Class 1			Class 2			Class 3			NRI
Species	RD1	RF1	NRI1	RD2	RF2	NRI2	RD3	RF3	NRI3	NRI
Rudgea recurva	15.81	10.80	13.30	9.71	7.44	8.58	16.25	7.67	11.96	11.28
Rudgea jasminoides	7.26	5.68	6.47	8.99	8.37	8.68	8.03	6.82	7.42	7.53
Psychotria nuda	4.27	3.98	4.13	5.04	6.05	5.54	7.46	6.25	6.85	5.51
Ouratea parviflora	2.56	3.41	2.99	5.04	5.58	5.31	6.88	5.68	6.28	4.86
Marlierea tomentosa	1.28	1.70	1.49	6.83	5.12	5.98	4.97	4.55	4.76	4.08
Virola bicuhyba	5.56	5.68	5.62	3.24	3.72	3.48	2.29	2.84	2.57	3.89
Mollinedia schottiana	2.99	3.41	3.20	3.24	3.26	3.25	3.63	4.26	3.95	3.46
Sorocea bonplandii	2.14	2.27	2.20	5.76	5.58	5.67	1.91	2.27	2.09	3.32
Dendropanax australis	2.99	3.41	3.20	3.24	2.79	3.01	3.44	3.98	3.71	3.31
Margaritopsis astrellantha	4.70	4.55	4.62	3.96	3.26	3.61	0.00	0.00	0.00	2.74
Actinostemon concolor	1.28	1.70	1.49	3.60	3.26	3.43	2.68	2.84	2.76	2.56
Garcinia gardneriana	1.28	1.14	1.21	1.80	1.86	1.83	3.44	2.84	3.14	2.06
Sloanea guianensis	2.56	3.41	2.99	0.72	0.93	0.82	1.53	1.99	1.76	1.86
Psychotria brachypoda	1.71	1.14	1.42	3.60	1.86	2.73	1.15	1.14	1.14	1.76
Guapira opposita	1.71	2.27	1.99	1.44	1.86	1.65	1.15	1.70	1.43	1.69
Justicia brasiliana	5.98	3.41	4.70	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	1.57
Pausandra morisiana	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.72	0.93	0.82	3.63	2.84	3.24	1.52
Trichilia casaretti	0.00	0.00	0.00	1.08	1.40	1.24	3.06	3.41	3.23	1.49
Ocotea teleiandra	0.43	0.57	0.50	1.08	1.40	1.24	1.72	1.99	1.85	1.20
Marlierea obscura	0.43	0.57	0.50	2.16	2.33	2.24	0.57	0.85	0.71	1.15
Guarea macrophylla	0.00	0.00	0.00	1.44	1.86	1.65	1.72	1.70	1.71	1.12
Hirtella hebeclada	1.28	1.70	1.49	1.08	0.93	1.00	0.38	0.57	0.48	0.99
Psychotria suterella	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.36	0.47	0.41	1.53	1.99	1.76	0.89
Myrcia pubipetala	0.43	0.57	0.50	1.44	1.86	1.65	0.38	0.57	0.48	0.87
Sebastiania argutidens	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.36	0.47	0.41	1.34	1.99	1.66	0.86
Protium kleinii	2.14	1.70	1.92	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.86
Euterpe edulis	1.28	1.70	1.49	0.72	0.93	0.82	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.85
Myrcia spectabilis	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.36	0.47	0.41	1.53	1.70	1.62	0.84
Eugenia cerasiflora	0.43	0.57	0.50	1.44	1.40	1.42	0.38	0.57	0.48	0.80
Leandra dubia	1.71	0.57	1.14	1.44	0.47	0.95	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.78
Neomitranthes glomerata	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.72	0.93	0.82	0.76	1.14	0.95	0.76
Calyptranthes strigipes	0.43	0.57	0.50	1.08	0.93	1.00	0.57	0.85	0.71	0.74
Heisteria silvianii	0.43	0.57	0.50	1.44	1.40	1.42	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.72
Pera glabrata	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	1.34	1.99	1.66	0.69
Eugenia cereja ^* * threatened species according to Martinelli & Moraes (2013) ;	1.28	1.70	1.49	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.64
Quiina glaziovii	0.85	1.14	1.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.38	0.57	0.48	0.63
Stylogyne pauciflora	1.28	1.70	1.49	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.58
Nectandra oppositifolia	1.28	1.70	1.49	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.58
Pourouma guianensis	0.85	1.14	1.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.55
Mollinedia triflora	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.57	0.85	0.71	0.54
Brosimum lactescens*	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.57	0.85	0.71	0.54
Bunchosia marítima*	0.85	1.14	1.00	0.72	0.47	0.59	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.53
Ocotea dispersa	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.72	0.93	0.82	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.52
Inga striata	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.72	0.93	0.82	0.57	0.85	0.71	0.51
Myrceugenia myrcioides	0.00	0.00	0.00	1.08	0.93	1.00	0.38	0.57	0.48	0.49
Piper solmsianum	0.85	1.14	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.38	0.57	0.48	0.49
Plinia cordifolia*	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.96	1.14	1.05	0.49
Eugenia burkartiana*	1.28	1.14	1.21	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.48
Miconia cabucu	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.76	1.14	0.95	0.45
Sebastiania brasiliensis	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.72	0.93	0.82	0.38	0.57	0.48	0.43
Aiouea saligna	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.57	0.85	0.71	0.38
Ocotea catharinensis*	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.57	0.85	0.71	0.38
Piper cernuum	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.57	0.57	0.57	0.36
Trichilia silvatica	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.72	0.93	0.82	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.35
Magnolia ovata*	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.72	0.93	0.82	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.35
Seguieria langsdorffii*	0.85	1.14	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.33
Piper ulei	0.85	1.14	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.33
Ocotea odorifera*	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.30
Piper caldense	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.72	0.93	0.82	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.27
Trichilia pseudostipularis	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.25
Psychotria officinalis	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.25
Aphelandra chamissoniana	0.85	0.57	0.71	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.24
Piper miquelianum	0.85	0.57	0.71	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.24
Xylopia brasiliensis	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.22
Hieronyma alchorneoides	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.22
Inga marginata	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.17
Dahlstedtia cf. pentaphylla	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.17
Eugenia melanogyna	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.17
Myrcia selloi	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.17
Eugenia beaurepairiana	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.17
Eugenia brevistyla*	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.17
Matayba intermedia	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.17
Dahlstedtia cf. pinnata	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.17
Miconia tristis	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.17
Pseuderanthemum riedelianum	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.17
Campomanesia reitziana*	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.17
Psychotria deflexa	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.17
Justicia carnea	0.43	0.57	0.50	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.17
Miconia cinerascens var. robusta	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.57	0.28	0.43	0.14
Cariniana estrellensis	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.14
Inga sp.	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.14
Inga vera subsp. affinis	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.14
Casearia sylvestris	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.14
Syzygium jambos ^ exotic species.	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.14
Myrciaria floribunda*	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.14
Campomanesia xanthocarpa	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.14
Brosimum glaziovii*	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.14
Calyptranthes lucida	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.14
Copaifera trapezifolia	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.36	0.47	0.41	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.14
Erythroxylum cuspidifolium	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.08
Marlierea eugeniopsoides	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.08
Cordiera concolor	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.08
Cryptocarya aschersoniana	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.08
Bactris setosa	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.08
Geonoma gamiova*	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.08
Psychotria carthagenensis	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.08
Ocotea nectandrifolia*	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.08
Jacaranda puberula	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.08
Aniba firmula	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.08
Tapirira guianensis	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.08
Coffea arabica**	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.08
Amaioua guianensis	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.08
Psychotria vellosiana	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.08
Endlicheria paniculata	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.08
Aparisthmium cordatum	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.08
Miconia budlejoides	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.19	0.28	0.24	0.08
Total			100.00			100.00			100.00	100.00

		Class 1		Class 2		Class 3		Total
		Species	Ind.	Species	Ind.	Species	Ind.	Species	Ind.
Ecological groups	Climax	24	112	23	141	26	294	32	547
	Secondary	31	90	33	119	38	203	54	412
	Pioneer	9	24	7	12	11	23	18	59
	Non-classified	4	8	4	7	2	2	8	17
Life-forms	Tree	28	66	34	64	32	94	51	224
	Treelet	19	89	21	145	28	299	35	533
	Shrub	16	58	10	68	14	126	19	252
	Sub-bush	4	18	0	0	0	0	4	18
	Palm	1	3	1	2	3	3	3	8

	Class 1	Class 2	Class 3
Species	68	67	77
Genera	43	49	54
Families	28	29	29
Shannon Index	3.61	3.61	3.47
Pielou Index	0.855	0.858	0.797
Ind/ha	5,200.00	6,177.78	4,184.00
Effective sample plots	46	47	50

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[1] *Fábio PastórioRua Antônio da Veiga, 140, Victor Konder, CEP 89012-900, Blumenau, SC, Brasil e-mail: fiamoncini.f@gmail.com