Edaphic Drivers of Community Structure and Composition in a Mixed Ombrophilous Forest

Cordeiro, Juliano; Zwiener, Victor Pereira; Curcio, Gustavo Ribas; Roderjan, Carlos Vellozo

doi:10.1590/2179-8087.113217

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE, Conservation of Nature • Floresta Ambient. 27 (2) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.113217 copy

Edaphic Drivers of Community Structure and Composition in a Mixed Ombrophilous Forest

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This study sought to assess the variation in species composition and community structure considering soil characteristics. Based on physical and chemical analyses of soil, we selected four sites for vegetation sampling: Haplic Cambisol (P1), Regolithic Neosol (P2), Latosol Bruno (P3) and Humic Cambisol (P4). In each site, we sampled all arboreal individuals with DBH ≥ 4.8 cm. Sites were distinguished by species with different values of importance and indicator index (indVal). Sites were clearly separated in biplots generated by canonical ordination (RDA), which indicated that the distribution of species correlates with acidity, Al+, C and P concentrations, CEC, pH, base saturation, drainage, and pedological unit. Our results show that local scale variation in soil attributes influences tree species composition and community structure, and, thus, should be considered for understanding the distribution, occupation, and response of tree species in remnants of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest.

Keywords:
Atlantic Forest; environmental gradients; forest inventory; multivariate analysis; soil-vegetation relationship

Site	Species	NI	AD ind/ha	ADo m²/ha	AF %	RD %	RDo %	RF %	IV %
P1	Gymnanthes klotzschiana Müll.Arg.	156	709.09	10.51	77.27	29.16	21.71	8.90	19.92
	Lithraea molleoides (Vell.) Engl.	42	190.91	9.98	68.18	7.85	20.61	7.85	12.10
	Eugenia uniflora L.	41	186.36	1.86	72.73	7.66	3.85	8.38	6.63
	Muellera campestris (Mart. ex Benth.) M.J. Silva e A.M.G. Azevedo	22	100.00	5.39	22.73	4.11	11.13	2.62	5.95
	Cinnamodendron dinisii Schwacke	29	131.82	2.28	59.09	5.42	4.72	6.81	5.65
	Guettarda uruguensis Cham. e Schltdl.	42	190.91	1.37	40.91	7.85	2.82	4.71	5.13
	Styrax leprosus Hook. et Arn.	31	140.91	2.28	36.36	5.79	4.70	4.19	4.89
	Allophylus edulis (A.St.-Hil. et al.) Hieron. ex Niederl	23	104.55	0.76	54.55	4.30	1.57	6.28	4.05
	Machaerium paraguariense Hassl.	9	40.91	3.23	22.73	1.68	6.67	2.62	3.66
	Eugenia pyriformis Cambess.	11	50.00	1.82	27.27	2.06	3.76	3.14	2.99
	Erythroxylum deciduum A.St.-Hil.	8	36.36	1.89	27.27	1.50	3.91	3.14	2.85
	Dalbergia frutescens (Vell.) Britton	16	72.73	0.52	27.27	2.99	1.07	3.14	2.40
	Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam.	10	45.45	0.32	27.27	1.87	0.67	3.14	1.89
	Zanthoxylum petiolare A.St.-Hil. & Tul.	7	31.82	0.16	27.27	1.31	0.33	3.14	1.59
	Campomanesia xanthocarpa (Mart.) O.Berg	7	31.82	0.28	18.18	1.31	0.58	2.09	1.33
P2	Muellera campestris (Mart. ex Benth.) M.J. Silva e A.M.G. Azevedo	42	210.00	8.52	75.00	12.39	13.26	8.62	11.40
	Eugenia uniflora L.	55	275.00	3.45	70.00	16.22	5.36	8.05	9.90
	Nectandra megapotamica (Spreng.) Mez	8	40.00	13.38	25.00	2.36	20.83	2.87	8.70
	Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze	6	30.00	11.16	30.00	1.77	17.38	3.45	7.50
	Myrcianthes pungens (O. Berg) D. Legrand	27	135.00	2.84	50.00	7.96	4.42	5.75	6.00
	Campomanesia xanthocarpa (Mart.) O.Berg	22	110	2.75	50.00	6.49	4.28	5.75	5.50
	Castela tweedii Planch.	27	135	0.45	65.00	7.96	0.70	7.47	5.40
	Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sarg.	20	100	0.80	50.00	5.90	1.25	5.75	4.30
	Gymnanthes klotzschiana Müll.Arg.	15	75	2.71	35.00	4.42	4.21	4.02	4.20
	Styrax leprosus Hook. et Arn.	12	60	1.34	30.00	3.54	2.09	3.45	3.00
	Casearia decandra Jacq.	14	70	0.81	30.00	4.13	1.26	3.45	2.90
	Eugenia pyriformis Cambess.	8	40	1.55	30.00	2.36	2.42	3.45	2.70
	Machaerium paraguariense Hassl.	10	50	1.29	20.00	2.95	2.01	2.30	2.40
	Matayba elaeagnoides Radlk.	2	10	2.98	10.00	0.59	4.64	1.15	2.10
	Strychnos pseudoquina A.St.-Hil.	6	30	0.31	30.00	1.77	0.49	3.45	1.90
P3	Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze	25	113.64	26.25	77.27	5.91	40.84	8.13	18.29
	Eugenia uniflora L.	94	427.27	4.27	95.45	22.22	6.64	10.05	12.97
	Campomanesia xanthocarpa (Mart.) O. Berg	50	227.27	4.00	86.36	11.82	6.23	9.09	9.05
	Nectandra megapotamica (Spreng.) Mez	21	95.45	8.43	59.09	4.96	13.11	6.22	8.10
	Banara tomentosa Clos.	41	186.36	1.36	63.64	9.69	2.12	6.70	6.17
	Brunfelsia pilosa Plowman	35	159.09	0.42	72.73	8.27	0.65	7.66	5.53
	Muellera campestris (Mart. ex Benth.) M.J. Silva e A.M.G. Azevedo	15	68.18	5.38	31.82	3.55	8.36	3.35	5.09
	Styrax leprosus Hook. et Arn.	17	77.27	1.62	50.00	4.02	2.52	5.26	3.93
	Casearia decandra Jacq.	15	68.18	1.61	31.82	3.55	2.51	3.35	3.13
	Eugenia pyriformis Cambess.	8	36.36	0.60	31.82	1.89	0.93	3.35	2.06
	Campomanesia guazumifolia (Cambess.) O.Berg	7	31.82	0.63	31.82	1.65	0.98	3.35	1.99
	Vitex megapotamica (Spreng.) Moldenke	5	22.73	2.14	13.64	1.18	3.33	1.44	1.98
	Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sarg.	9	40.91	0.36	27.27	2.13	0.56	2.87	1.85
	Gymnanthes klotzschiana Müll.Arg.	9	40.91	0.32	22.73	2.13	0.50	2.39	1.67
	Cupania vernalis Cambess.	2	9.09	2.02	9.09	0.47	3.15	0.96	1.53
P4	Gymnanthes klotzschiana Müll.Arg.	62	387.50	18.68	87.50	19.40	31.30	9.00	19.90
	Nectandra megapotamica (Spreng.) Mez	47	293.80	8.46	68.80	14.70	14.20	7.10	12.00
	Campomanesia xanthocarpa (Mart.) O. Berg	25	156.30	7.75	81.30	7.80	13.00	8.40	9.70
	Eugenia uniflora L.	31	193.80	1.48	75.00	9.70	2.50	7.70	6.60
	Styrax leprosus Hook. et Arn.	20	125.00	2.16	75.00	6.30	3.60	7.70	5.90
	Machaerium paraguariense Hassl.	13	81.30	3.53	43.80	4.10	5.90	4.50	4.80
	Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze	6	37.50	2.98	37.50	1.90	5.00	3.90	3.60
	Brunfelsia pilosa Plowman	17	106.30	0.27	43.80	5.30	0.50	4.50	3.40
	Banara tomentosa Clos	13	81.30	0.50	50.00	4.10	0.80	5.20	3.40
	Strychnos brasiliensis (Spreng.) Mart.	15	93.80	0.86	37.50	4.70	1.40	3.90	3.30
	Muellera campestris (Mart. ex Benth.) M.J. Silva & A.M.G. Azevedo	7	43.80	2.30	37.50	2.20	3.90	3.90	3.30
	Casearia decandra Jacq.	9	56.30	0.57	43.80	2.80	0.90	4.50	2.80
	Allophylus edulis (A.St.-Hil. et al.) Hieron. ex Niederl	9	56.30	0.33	43.80	2.80	0.60	4.50	2.60
	Campomanesia guazumifolia (Cambess.) O. Berg	10	62.50	0.66	31.30	3.10	1.10	3.20	2.50
	Prunus myrtifolia (L.) Urb.	3	18.80	2.23	18.80	0.90	3.70	1.90	2.20

Species	IndVal	p	Ranking IV %
P1
Lithraea molleoides	0.66	0.001	2
Cinnamodendron dinisii	0.45	0.001	5
Gymnanthes klotzschiana	0.45	0.001	1
Guettarda uruguensis	0.40	0.001	6
Allophylus edulis	0.29	0.010	8
P2
Castela tweedii	0.44	0.001	7
Celtis iguanaea	0.44	0.001	8
Muellera campestris	0.39	0.002	1
Myrcianthes pungens	0.32	0.003	5
Cestrum intermedium	0.14	0.048	25
P3
Araucaria angustifolia	0.46	0.001	1
Banara tomentosa	0.42	0.001	5
Campomanesia xanthocarpa	0.38	0.002	3
Eugenia uniflora	0.37	0.002	2
Brunfelsia pilosa	0.35	0.002	6
P4
Nectandra megapotamica	0.47	0.001	2
Machaerium paraguariense	0.29	0.004	6
Strychnos brasiliensis	0.25	0.011	10

	RDA1	RDA2	RDA3
Eigenvalue	1.20	0.48	0.36
Proportion explained	0.18	0.07	0.05
Cumulative proportion	0.18	0.26	0.31
Constrained proportion	0.44	0.62	0.75
Loadings of soil variables	RDA1	RDA2	RDA3
pH	−0.06	0.69	−0.16
Al	0.23	−0.39	0.22
T	0.46	0.43	0.03
P	0.08	−0.16	0.16
HAl³	0.54	−0.56	0.29
C	0.62	0.24	0.12
V	−0.28	0.71	−0.17
Clay	−0.10	−0.74	0.40
Drain	−0.36	−0.79	−0.31
Class	−0.60	−0.60	−0.38

Model	Df	Variance	F	p
RDA global	10	2.7245	4.88	0.001
RDA1	1	1.2028	21.5676	0.001
RDA2	1	0.4847	8.6903	0.001
RDA3	1	0.3622	6.4942	0.001
RDA4	1	0.2582	4.6288	0.001
RDA5	1	0.1676	3.0043	0.001
RDA6	1	0.0945	1.6940	0.038
pH	1	0.3128	5.6083	0.001
Al	1	0.2223	3.9864	0.002
T	1	0.4477	8.0275	0.001
P	1	0.1457	2.6129	0.012
HAl³	1	0.5880	10.5434	0.001
C	1	0.1275	2.2861	0.015
V	1	0.2859	5.1261	0.001
Clay	1	0.2890	5.1816	0.001
Drain	1	0.1999	3.5839	0.002
Class	1	0.1058	1.8964	0.045

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[1] CORRESPONDENCE TOJuliano Cordeiro Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Rua Pioneiro, 2.153, CEP 85950-000, Palotina, PR, Brasil e-mail: julianocordeiro@ufpr.br