Structure and Diversity In Ombrophilous Forest in the Zona da Mata of Pernambuco

Lima, Rosival Barros de Andrade; Marangon, Luiz Carlos; Freire, Fernando José; Feliciano, Ana Licia; Silva, Roseane Karla Soares de

doi:10.1590/2179-8087.060217

Original Article, Conservation of Nature • Floresta Ambient. 26 (2) • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.060217 linkcopy

Structure and Diversity In Ombrophilous Forest in the Zona da Mata of Pernambuco

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

The objective of this work was to evaluate the arboreal component of a Dense Ombrophilous Lowland Forest fragment through evaluations of richness, structure and diversity. For the sampling of this component, we implanted 40 sample units of 10 × 25 m. We measured all arboreal individuals who presented circumference at breast height ≥ 15 cm, 1.30 m from the ground level. The tree stratum presented 1324 individuals, 100 species, 64 genera and 38 families. The Fabaceae family had the highest wealth and Anacardiaceae was the most abundant. The Shannon index and Pielou equability were 3.60 nats.ind.^–1 and 0.78, respectively, suggesting the existence of relevant ecological dominance in the community. The results of this work emphasize the ecological importance of this remnant for maintaining the local flora and fauna, also emphasizing the importance of preserving Atlantic Ombrophilous Forests, particularly in the Zona da Mata of Pernambuco.

Keywords:
phytosociology; atlantic forest; floristic

Family	Specie		N_i			EG
Anacardiaceae	Tapirira guianensis Aubl.		68			IS
Anacardiaceae	Thyrsodium spruceanum Benth.		246			IS
Annonaceae	Guatteria pogonopus Mart.		17			Nc
Annonaceae	Xylopia frutescens Aubl.		3			IS
Apocynaceae	Himatanthus phagedaenicus (Mart.) Woodson		26			IS
Araliaceae	Schefflera morototoni (Aubl.) Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin		33			IS
Boraginaceae	Cordia sellowiana Cham.		7			IS
Burseraceae	Protium giganteum Engl. Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) Marchand		7 134			LS IS
Celastraceae	Maytenus distichophylla Mart. ex Reissek		3			LS
Clusiaceae	Rheedia gardneriana Planch. & Triana		1			LS
	Symphonia globulifera L. f.		12			P
	Tovomita mangle G. Mariz		3			IS
Combretaceae	Buchenavia tetraphylla (Aubl.) R.A. Howard		1			LS
Elaeocarpaceae	Sloanea garckeana K. Schum.		1			LS
Elaeocarpaceae	Sloanea guianensis (Aubl.) Benth.		1			LS
Erythroxylaceae	Erythroxylum citrifolium A. St.-Hil.		2			LS
	Erythroxylum mucronatum Benth.		14			LS
	Erythroxylum squamatum Sw.		1			LS
Euphorbiaceae	Maprounea guianensis Aubl.		29			IS
Fabaceae	Abarema sp.		3			Nc
	Albizia pedicellaris (DC.) L. Rico		6			P
	Andira ormosioides Benth.		2			IS
	Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth		12			LS
	Chamaecrista sp.		14			Sc
	Dialium guianense (Aubl.) Sandwith		3			LS
	Fabaceae 1		2			Nc
	Fabaceae 2		4			Nc
	Fabaceae 3		1			Nc
	Fabaceae 4		5			Nc
	Inga cayennensis Sagot ex Benth.		3			IS
	Inga sp.1		2			Nc
Fabaceae	Inga sp.2		1			Nc
	Inga thibaudiana DC.		6			IS
	Machaerium hirtum (Vell.) Stellfeld		1			IS
	Parkia pendula (Willd.) Benth. ex Walp.		8			LS
	Plathymenia foliolosa Benth.		3			IS
	Sclerolobium densiflorum Benth.		3			P
	Swartzia pickelii Killip ex Ducke		3			IS
Hypericaceae	Vismia guianensis (Aubl.) Choisy		1			P
Lacistemataceae	Lacistema robustum Schnizl.		5			IS
Lauraceae	Nectandra cuspidata Nees & Mart.		10			LS
	Ocotea gardneri (Meisn.) Mez		1			IS
	Ocotea glomerata (Nees) Mez		10			IS
	Ocotea sp.1		13			Nc
	Ocotea sp.2		3			Nc
	Ocotea sp.3		2			Nc
Lecythidaceae	Eschweilera ovata (Cambess.) Miers	52		IS
	Gustavia augusta L.	3		IS
	Lecythis pisonis Cambess.	1		IS
	Lecythis lurida (Miers) S.A. Mori	15		Nc
Malvaceae	Eriotheca macrophylla (K. Schum.) A. Robyns	6		IS
Melastomataceae	Henriettea succosa (Aubl.) DC.	16		Nc
	Miconia affinis DC.	31		Nc
	Miconia hypoleuca (Benth.) Triana	20		IS
	Miconia minutiflora (Bonpl.) DC.	3		IS
	Miconia prasina (Sw.) DC.	6		P
	Miconia pyrifolia Naudin	9		IS
	Miconia sp.	4		Nc
	Miconia tomentosa (Rich.) D. Don ex DC.	11		IS
Moraceae	Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.	1		Nc
	Brosimum guianense (Aubl.) Huber	55		IS
	Brosimum rubescens Taub.	39		IS
	Helicostylis tomentosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Rusby	36		IS
	Sorocea hilarii Gaudich.	2		IS
Myristicaceae	Virola gardneri (A. DC.) Warb.	12		LS
Myrtaceae	Eugenia umbelliflora O. Berg	1		IS
	Eugenia umbrosa O. Berg	2		IS
	Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC.	2		IS
	Myrcia silvatica Barb. Rodr.	43		IS
	Myrcia spectabilis DC.	11		IS
	Myrcia splendens (Sw.) DC	6		IS
	Myrtaceae 1	3		Nc
Nyctaginaceae	Guapira opposita (Vell.) Reitz	2			IS
Ochnaceae	Ouratea polygyna Engl.	15			IS
Peraceae	Chaetocarpus myrsinites Baill.	4			Nc
	Pera ferruginea (Schott) Müll. Arg.	16			IS
	Pogonophora schomburgkiana Miers ex Benth.	13			LS
Phyllanthaceae	Hyeronima alchorneoides Allemão	29			IS
Picramniaceae	Picramnia sp.	4			Nc
Primulaceae	Rapanea guianensis Aubl.	1			P
Rubiaceae	Amaioua sp.	1			Nc
Rubiaceae	Coussarea andrei M.S. Pereira & M.R. Barbosa	1			Nc
Salicaceae	Casearia arborea (Rich.) Urb.	3			IS
Salicaceae	Casearia javitensis Kunth	35			LS
Sapindaceae	Cupania emarginata Cambess.	2			IS
	Cupania racemosa (Vell.) Radlk.	11			IS
	Cupania revoluta Rolfe	5			IS
	Cupania sp.	1			Nc
	Talisia retusa R.S. Cowan	1			IS
Sapotaceae	Pouteria bangii (Rusby) T.D. Penn.	11			LS
	Pouteria sp.	1			Nc
	Pouteria torta (Mart.) Radlk.	2			LS
	Pradosia sp.	1			Nc
Schoepfiaceae	Schoepfia brasiliensis A. DC.	5			IS
Simaroubaceae	Simarouba amara Aubl.	12			IS
Siparunaceae	Siparuna guianensis Aubl.	5			IS
Urticaceae	Pourouma acutiflora Trécul	6			IS
Violaceae	Paypayrola blanchetiana Tul.	2			Nc
Undetermined 1	Undetermined 1	9			Nc
Total		1,324

Species	AD	RD		AF		RF		ADo		RDo	CV		IV
Thyrsodium spruceanum	246	18.58		97.50		5.72		2.8496		11.3285	29.91		35.63
Protium heptaphyllum	134	10.12		85.00		4.99		2.8481		11.3225	21.44		26.43
Tapirira guianensis	68	5.14		72.50		4.25		3.1792		12.6391	17.78		22.03
Maprounea guianensis	29	2.19		47.50		2.79		1.6629		6.6110	8.80		11.59
Eschweilera ovata	52	3.93		75.00		4.40		0.4767		1.8951	5.82		10.22
Brosimum guianense	55	4.15		72.50		4.25		0.4557		1.8116	5.97		10.22
Schefflera morototoni	33	2.49		57.50		3.37		0.9510		3.7805	6.27		9.65
Hyeronima alchorneoides	29	2.19		47.50		2.79		0.5798		2.3051	4.50		7.28
Myrcia silvatica	43	3.25		55.00		3.23		0.1820		0.7236	3.97		7.20
Fabaceae 1	2	0.15		5.00		0.29		1.6373		6.5091	6.66		6.95
Helicostylis tomentosa	36	2.72		45.00		2.64		0.3424		1.3611	4.08		6.72
Miconia affinis	31	2.34		47.50		2.79		0.3878		1.5418	3.88		6.67
Pera ferruginea	16	1.21		30.00		1.76		0.9105		3.6195	4.83		6.59
Casearia javitensis	35	2.64		52.50		3.08		0.1678		0.6671	3.31		6.39
Brosimum rubescens	39	2.95		42.50		2.49		0.2161		0.8591	3.80		6.30
Simarouba amara	12	0.91		25.00		1.47		0.8704		3.4604	4.37		5.83
Himatanthus phagedaenicus	26	1.96		37.50		2.20		0.1385		0.5504	2.51		4.71
Bowdichia virgilioides	12	0.91		25.00		1.47		0.5022		1.9965	2.90		4.37
Ouratea polygyna	15	1.13		27.50		1.61		0.2819		1.1209	2.25		3.87
Miconia hypoleuca	20	1.51		32.50		1.91		0.1044		0.4151	1.93		3.83
Ocotea glomerata	10	0.76		22.50		1.32		0.4078		1.6211	2.38		3.70
Albizia pedicellaris	6	0.45		10.00		0.59		0.6521		2.5924	3.05		3.63
Lecythis lurida	15	1.13		32.50		1.91		0.1065		0.4233	1.56		3.46
Ocotea sp.1	13	0.98		32.50		1.91		0.1400		0.5565	1.54		3.44
Henriettea succosa	16	1.21		32.50		1.91		0.0785		0.3121	1.52		3.43
Guatteria pogonopus	17	1.28		30.00		1.76		0.0492		0.1956	1.48		3.24
Pouteria bangii	11	0.83		20.00		1.17		0.2712		1.0781	1.91		3.08
Virola gardneri	12	0.91		20.00		1.17		0.2401		0.9545	1.86		3.03
Nectandra cuspidata	10	0.76		22.50		1.32		0.2176		0.8649	1.62		2.94
Eriotheca macrophylla	6	0.45		7.50		0.44		0.4605		1.8307	2.28		2.72
Symphonia globulifera	12	0.91		17.50		1.03		0.1960		0.7794	1.69		2.71
Pourouma acutiflora	6	0.45		12.50		0.73		0.3622		1.4398	1.89		2.63
Pogonophora schomburgkiana	13	0.98		17.50		1.03		0.1468		0.5837	1.57		2.59
Erythroxylum mucronatum	14	1.06		22.50		1.32		0.0438		0.1743	1.23		2.55
Parkia pendula	8	0.60		15.00		0.88		0.2183		0.8680	1.47		2.35
Undetermined 1	9	0.68		20.00		1.17		0.0917		0.3647	1.04		2.22
Chamaecrista sp.1	14	1.06		10.00		0.59		0.1244		0.4946	1.55		2.14
Myrcia spectabilis	11	0.83		15.00		0.88		0.0860		0.3419	1.17		2.05
Miconia tomentosa	11	0.83		17.50		1.03		0.0443		0.1759	1.01		2.03
Cupania racemosa	11	0.83		17.50		1.03		0.0336		0.1334	0.96		1.99
Miconia pyrifolia	9	0.68		15.00		0.88		0.0860		0.3418	1.02		1.90
Buchenavia tetraphylla	1	0.08		2.50		0.15		0.4111		1.6345	1.71		1.86
Cordia sellowiana	7	0.53		17.50		1.03		0.0642		0.2552	0.78		1.81
Plathymenia foliolosa	3	0.23		7.50		0.44		0.2197		0.8735	1.10		1.54
Protium giganteum	7	0.53		12.50		0.73		0.0477		0.1895	0.72		1.45
Inga thibaudiana	6	0.45		10.00		0.59		0.0906		0.3603	0.81		1.40
Ocotea sp.2	3	0.23		7.50		0.44		0.1710		0.6799	0.91		1.35
Siparuna guianensis	5	0.38		12.50		0.73		0.0377		0.1497	0.53		1.26
Myrcia splendens	6	0.45		12.50		0.73		0.0160		0.0636	0.52		1.25
Fabaceae 4	5	0.38		7.50		0.44		0.0968		0.3850	0.76		1.20
Cupania revoluta	5	0.38		7.50		0.44		0.0774		0.3076	0.69		1.13
Cupania emarginata	2	0.15		5.00		0.29		0.1590		0.6321	0.78		1.08
Lacistema robustum	5	0.38		10.00		0.59		0.0095		0.0379	0.42		1.00
Chaetocarpus myrsinites	4	0.30		7.50		0.44		0.0630		0.2505	0.55		0.99
Miconia prasina	6	0.45		7.50		0.44		0.0189		0.0751	0.53		0.97
Miconia sp.1	4	0.30		10.00		0.59		0.0190		0.0756	0.38		0.96
Schoepfia brasiliensis	5	0.38		7.50		0.44		0.0233		0.0928	0.47		0.91
Fabaceae 2	4	0.30		7.50		0.44		0.0386		0.1536	0.46		0.90
Inga cayennensis	3	0.23		7.50		0.44		0.0540		0.2148	0.44		0.88
Dialium guianense	3	0.23		2.50		0.15		0.1226		0.4872	0.71		0.86
Abarema sp.1	3	0.23		7.50		0.44		0.0343		0.1362	0.36		0.80
Tovomita mangle	3	0.23		7.50		0.44		0.0308		0.1225	0.35		0.79
Maytenus distichophylla	3	0.23		7.50		0.44		0.0286		0.1137	0.34		0.78
Sclerolobium densiflorum	3	0.23		2.50		0.15		0.0966		0.3841	0.61		0.76
Casearia arborea	3	0.23		7.50		0.44		0.0185		0.0734	0.30		0.74
Xylopia frutescens	3	0.23		2.50		0.15		0.0901		0.3581	0.58		0.73
Myrtaceae 1	3	0.23		7.50		0.44		0.0084		0.0333	0.26		0.70
Picramnia sp.1	4	0.30		5.00		0.29		0.0088		0.0348	0.34		0.63
Andira ormosioides	2	0.15		5.00		0.29		0.0385		0.1531	0.30		0.60
Gustavia augusta	3	0.23		5.00		0.29		0.0089		0.0356	0.26		0.56
Guapira opposita	2	0.15		5.00		0.29		0.0258		0.1024	0.25		0.55
Pouteria torta	2	0.15		5.00		0.29		0.0104		0.0413	0.19		0.49
Ocotea sp.3	2	0.15		5.00		0.29		0.0104		0.0413	0.19		0.49
Erythroxylum citrifolium	2		0.15		5.00		0.29		0.0081	0.0322		0.18		0.48
Myrcia guianensis	2		0.15		5.00		0.29		0.0057	0.0226		0.17		0.47
Sorocea hilarii	2		0.15		5.00		0.29		0.0051	0.0205		0.17		0.46
Eugenia umbrosa	2		0.15		5.00		0.29		0.0046	0.0184		0.17		0.46
Paypayrola blanchetiana	2		0.15		5.00		0.29		0.0046	0.0183		0.17		0.46
Miconia minutiflora	3		0.23		2.50		0.15		0.0209	0.0830		0.31		0.46
Swartzia pickelii	3		0.23		2.50		0.15		0.0088	0.0350		0.26		0.41
Machaerium hirtum	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0239	0.0950		0.17		0.32
Inga sp.1	2		0.15		2.50		0.15		0.0047	0.0189		0.17		0.32
Rapanea guianensis	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0231	0.0919		0.17		0.31
Rheedia gardneriana	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0215	0.0855		0.16		0.31
Amaioua sp. 1	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0137	0.0545		0.13		0.28
Pradosia sp.1	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0097	0.0388		0.11		0.26
Sloanea guianensis	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0060	0.0239		0.10		0.25
Artocarpus heterophyllus	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0058	0.0231		0.10		0.25
Ocotea gardneri	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0054	0.0214		0.10		0.24
Inga sp.2	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0039	0.0153		0.09		0.24
Coussarea andrei	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0033	0.0130		0.09		0.24
Erythroxylum squamatum	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0032	0.0127		0.09		0.23
Talisia retusa	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0030	0.0118		0.09		0.23
Vismia guianensis	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0029	0.0115		0.09		0.23
Sloanea garckeana	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0029	0.0114		0.09		0.23
Lecythis pisonis	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0029	0.0114		0.09		0.23
Eugenia umbelliflora	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0026	0.0104		0.09		0.23
Pouteria sp.1	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0024	0.0095		0.08		0.23
Fabaceae 3	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0022	0.0086		0.08		0.23
Cupania sp.1	1		0.08		2.50		0.15		0.0021	0.0084		0.08		0.23
Total	1,324		100		1,705		100		25.1541	100		200		300

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