In this study, we aimed to assess the use of plants by residents of the Santo Antônio Community, located in the Rural Settlements Moju I and II, BR 163 highway, in the Brazilian Amazon. Fifty-five ethnospecies were found: 67.3% native and 58.2% arboreal. The species diversity indices (H') were as follows: 2.83 for exotic species, 3.44 for native species, and 3.77 for the grouping. In connection with the logged forest surrounding the community area, 18% of native species were common to both samples (SO = 0.18), concluding that the SP represents a "local pharmacy" and provides 51.4% of the native species used in the community. Ethnobotany can support future forest management activities, mainly regarding the criterion for choice of species, except those with non-timber potential. This methodology creates a participatory model of forest use whose considerations go beyond the timber market.
ethnobotany; family farming; the Amazon