Soil Macrofauna and Edaphic Properties in Coffee Production Systems in Southern Colombia

Suárez, Leonardo Rodríguez; Pinto, Sandra Patricia Cuarán; Salazar, Juan Carlos Suárez

doi:10.1590/2179-8087.033418

Figures (4)
Tables (2)

Figure 1 Projection in the F1/F2 factorial plane from a principal component analysis of the soil macrofauna and from sampling points grouped according to the coffee production system. Ara: Araneae; Bla: Blattodea; Chi: Chilopoda; Coll: Collembola; Col: Coleoptera; Der: Dermaptera; Diplo: Diplopoda; Oli: Oligochaeta; Hem: Hemiptera; Hym: Hymenoptera; Iso: Isopoda; Isop: Isoptera; LDip: Diptera larvae; LLep: Lepidoptera larvae; Sym: Symphyla.

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Figure 2 Projection in the F1/F2 factorial plane from a principal component analysis of the edaphic properties and from sampling points grouped according to the coffee production system. pH: potential of hydrogen; OC: organic carbon; N: nitrogen; P: phosphorus; K: potassium; Ca: calcium; Mg: magnesium; Na: sodium; EA: exchangeable acidity; CEC: cation exchange capacity; BD: bulk density.

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Figure 3 Projection in the F1/F2 factorial plane from a co-inertia analysis of edaphic properties (left) and soil macrofauna (right) in coffee production systems in southern Colombia. pH: potential of hydrogen; OC: organic carbon; N: nitrogen; P: phosphorus; K: potassium; Ca: calcium; Mg: magnesium; Na: sodium; EA: exchangeable acidity; CEC: cation exchange capacity; BD: bulk density. Ara: Araneae; Bla: Blattodea: Chi: Chilopoda; Coll: Collembola; Col: Coleoptera; Der: Dermaptera; Diplo: Diplopoda; Oli: Oligochaeta; Hem: Hemiptera; Hym: Hymenoptera; Iso: Isopoda; Isop: Isoptera; LDip: Diptera larvae; LLep: Lepidoptera larvae; Sym: Symphyla.

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Figure 4 Heatmap of Pearson correlation coefficients between soil macrofauna and edaphic properties. Colors represent the direction and strength of the correlation, * and ** significant correlations at 5 and 1% probability, respectively. pH: potential of hydrogen; OC: organic carbon; N: nitrogen; P: phosphorus; K: potassium; Ca: calcium; Mg: magnesium; Na: sodium; EA: exchangeable acidity; CEC: cation exchange capacity; BD: bulk density.

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Table 1 Density (individuals.m^–2 ± Standard error) of soil macrofauna groups of the coffee production systems in southern Colombia.

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Table 2 Edaphic properties evaluated in coffee production systems in southern Colombia.

	Intensive				Traditional
	coffee plantations				coffee plantations
Araneae	6.40	±	1.64	a	3.00	±	1.23	a
Blattodea	0.36	±	0.36	b	2.67	±	1.10	a
Chilopoda	12.44	±	2.92	a	10.00	±	2.11	a
Collembola	1.78	±	1.16	a	4.67	±	1.34	a
Coleoptera	41.24	±	8.32	a	43.33	±	6.70	a
Dermaptera	8.53	±	3.51	a	5.67	±	1.61	a
Diplopoda	6.04	±	2.11	b	17.67	±	4.13	a
Diptera larvae	2.13	±	0.82	a	4.00	±	1.21	a
Hemiptera	2.84	±	1.37	a	5.33	±	2.25	a
Hymenoptera	28.44	±	5.31	a	27.00	±	5.11	a
Isopoda	5.33	±	1.69	a	6.33	±	2.77	a
Isoptera	18.84	±	7.41	a	14.33	±	7.77	a
Lepidoptera larvae	0.71	±	0.50	a	2.33	±	1.17	a
Oligochaeta	341.70	±	37.1	b	468.70	±	46.60	a
Symphyla	4.98	±	1.59	a	2.67	±	1.10	a
Density total	481.80	±	36.7	b	617.7	±	48.30	a
Richness	4.84	±	0.26	a	5.00	±	0.27	a

	Intensive				Traditional
	coffee plantations				coffee plantations
pH	4.89	±	0.14	b	5.71	±	0.15	a
OC (%)	2.28	±	0.20	b	2.82	±	0.19	a
N (%)	1.06	±	0.02	b	1.15	±	0.03	a
P (ppm)	1.53	±	0.02	a	1.56	±	0.02	a
K (meq 100g^-1)	0.56	±	0.05	b	0.89	±	0.15	a
Ca (meq 100g^-1)	6.74	±	1.83	b	13.04	±	2.13	a
Mg (meq 100g^-1)	1.49	±	0.19	b	2.41	±	0.29	a
Na (meq 100g^-1)	0.88	±	0.06	a	0.83	±	0.04	a
EA (meq 100g^-1)	2.10	±	0.50	a	0.32	±	0.06	b
CEC (meq 100g^-1)	14.91	±	1.27	a	17.60	±	1.53	a
Sand (%)	38.96	±	2.80	a	46.91	±	3.58	a
Clay (%)	35.19	±	1.98	a	24.97	±	1.92	b
Silt (%)	25.84	±	1.94	a	28.12	±	2.63	a
BD (g cm^-3)	1.05	±	0.06	a	1.02	±	0.03	a

[1] Mean: 15 replicate ± Standard error. Averages followed by equal letters in the row do not differ from each other at 5% probability.