Organic Residues and Bokashi Influence in the Growth of <i>Alibertia edulis</i>

Santos, Cleberton Correia; Vieira, Maria do Carmo; Zárate, Néstor Antonio Heredia; Carnevali, Thiago de Oliveira; Gonçalves, Willian Vieira

doi:10.1590/2179-8087.103417

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE, Silviculture • Floresta Ambient. 27 (1) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.103417 copy

Organic Residues and Bokashi Influence in the Growth of Alibertia edulis

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of different organic residues and bokashi in the substrate formulation in the initial growth of marmelo-do-cerrado. The experiment was carried out in pots under shading (50%). The following organic residues were tested: poultry manure (PM) with rice husk base, PM with wood shavings base, Organosuper^®, and castor bean meal, in a control with only soil. All treatments were assessed with and without bokashi. The experimental arrangement was a 5 × 2 factorial scheme in a randomized block design with four replicates and four plants. The greatest plant height was observed when the plants were cultivated in PM with rice husk base with bokashi. The pigment contents, photochemical efficiency, biomasses and quality of seedlings were highest in Organosuper^® with bokashi. We recommend the use of Organosuper^® and PM with rice husk base, both with bokashi, in the growth of marmelo-do-cerrado.

Keywords:
marmelo-do-cerrado; poultry manure; Organosuper^®

Organic residues	pH	C³	N	P	K	Ca	Mg	C/N⁴
Organic residues	CaCl₂	g kg^-1
Poultry manure¹	6.4	267.0	26.6	21.4	11.0	38.1	11.6	10/1
Poultry manure²	6.2	291.0	15.8	15.3	16.8	19.3	8.5	18/1
Organosuper ^®	8.0	1210.0	67.0	43.0	4.0	27.0	4.0	18/0
Castor bean meal	6.1	840.0	14.0	3.0	45.0	7.0	4.0	60/1
Garden Bokashi ^®	6.1	400.0	34.0	8.0	7.0	22.0	5.0	11/1

Treatments	pH	P	K	Ca	Mg	H+Al	SB	T	V
Treatments	CaCl₂	mg dm^-3	mmolc dm^-3						%
Without bokashi
PMH	6.26	45.55	9.68	5.04	6.55	3.27	11.97	15.11	70.54
PMW	6.35	36.60	7.87	5.47	6.72	3.09	12.73	15.80	72.44
ORG	6.55	36.30	7.90	5.62	5.31	3.34	10.97	14.24	68.01
CBM	6.21	26.48	5.71	4.70	5.56	2.98	10.72	13.45	69.32
Soil	6.75	5.8	1.33	3.37	4.52	2.30	8.56	10.45	69.17
With bokashi
PMH	6.25	52.60	11.08	5.76	7.50	3.34	13.46	16.76	71.88
PMW	6.43	48.07	10.36	3.84	4.62	2.53	9.24	11.47	61.08
ORG	6.38	48.00	10.38	4.87	5.35	2.77	10.45	13.03	71.89
CBM	6.20	24.89	5.42	5.26	7.19	3.29	12.85	16.05	71.89
Soil	6.77	19.92	3.25	3.63	5.50	2.54	9.73	11.88	70.71

Residues	Chlorophyll a (µg cm ² )		Chlorophyll b (µg cm ² )		Total chlorophyll (µg cm²)
Residues	− B	+ B	− B	+ B	− B	+ B
PMH	27.56 aB	28.65 aA	18.52aA	16.15 bB	46.09 aA	44.80 abA
PMW	23.13 bB	25.74 aA	11.89 bB	15.35 bA	35.03 bB	41.09 bA
ORG	16.61 cB	25.84 aA	11.87 bB	21.08 aA	28.49 cB	46.92 aA
CBM	16.73 cA	13.74 bB	10.14 bA	5.35 cB	26.88 cA	19.09 cB
Soil	21.40 bA	15.02 bB	11.70 bA	7.29 cB	33.11 bA	22.31 cB
C.V. (%)	7.26		11.37		6.12

	a / b (µg cm ² )		Carotenoids (µg cm²)
Organic residue	− B	+ B	− B	+ B
Poultry manure with rice husk base	1.49 aA	1.77 bcA	12.27 aB	13.14 aA
Poultry manure with wood shavings base	1.96 aA	1.69 bcA	9.43 bB	11.56 bA
Organosuper ^®	1.43 aA	1.23 cA	8.80 bB	12.98 aA
Castor bean meal	1.65 aB	2.62 aA	8.28 bA	5.62 dB
Soil	1.82 aA	2.19 abA	9.44 bA	7.50 cB
C.V. (%)	16.91		5.96

	F₀	F_m	F_v	F_v/F_m	F_v/F₀
Organic residue	(electrons quantum^-1)
PMH	0.258 a	0.977 a	0.745 a	0.731 a	2.905 a
PMW	0.315 a	0.835 a	0.570 b	0.612 b	2.008 b
ORG	0.312 a	0.881 a	0.620 ab	0.675 ab	2.018 b
CBM	0.260 a	0.833 a	0.573 b	0.677 ab	2.405 ab
Soil	0.297 a	0.902 a	0.547 b	0.669 ab	1.957 b
C.V. (%)	22.57	18.69	19.11	11.16	23.74

	Leaf area (cm² plant^-1)		Root area (cm² plant^-1)
Organic residue	− B	+ B	− B	+ B
Poultry manure with rice husk base	132.87 abB	250.45 aA	16.33 aB	22.13 aA
Poultry manure with wood shavings base	145.35 aB	192.53 bA	14.95 aA	10.96 bA
Organosuper ^®	73.12 cdB	224.31 aA	9.82 abB	22.52 aA
Castor bean meal	103.34 bcA	76.24 bB	11.96 abA	11.87 bA
Soil	59.81dA	66.29 bA	7.05 bB	12.83 bA
C.V. (%)	12.41		24.84

Residues	Dry mass (g plant^-1)
	Leaves		Stems		Roots
	−B	+B	−B	+B	−B	+B
PMH	1.42 aB	2.31 aA	0.46 aA	0.53 bA	0.74 aB	1.26 aA
PMW	1.31 aA	1.03 bA	0.31 abA	0.26 cA	0.59 abA	0.48 bA
ORG	0.86 abB	2.83 aA	0.18 bB	0.80 aA	0.36 abB	1.38 aA
CBM	1.13 abA	0.85 bA	0.24 abA	0.25 cA	0.60 abA	0.48 bA
Soil	0.53 bA	0.66 bA	0.13 bA	0.16 cA	0.32 bA	0.43 bA
C.V. (%)	26.08		31.71		29.74

	LAR	SLA	SFM
Organic residues	(cm² g^-1)		(g cm^-2)
Poultry manure with rice husk base	58.56 a	106.45 a	0.0100 ab
Poultry manure with wood shavings base	59.69 a	101.43 a	0.0102 ab
Organosuper ^®	48.52 a	82.09 a	0.0122 a
Castor bean meal	50.82 a	90.87 a	0.0110 ab
Soil	58.60 a	110.52 a	0.0094 b
C.V. (%)	20.67	20.73	15.89

Organic residue	− B	+ B
Poultry manure with rice husk base	1.23 aB	1.64 aA
Poultry manure with wood shavings base	1.25 aA	0.46 bB
Organosuper ^®	0.68 abB	1.74 aA
Castor bean meal	0.82 abA	0.78 bA
Soil	0.44 bA	0.33 bA
C.V. (%)	29.45

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[1] CORRESPONDENCE TOCleberton Correia Santos Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, km 12, CEP 79825-070, Dourados, MS, Brasil e-mail: cleber_frs@yahoo.com.br