Public Sector Social-environmental Diagnosis Model: application in a federal autarky, Rio de Janeiro

Vieira, Igor Laguna; Silva, Elmo Rodrigues da; Mattos, Ubirajara Aluizio de Oliveira

doi:10.1590/0104-530X4957-20

Igor Laguna Vieira

Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – UERJ, Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Ambiental, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. E-mail: igor_laguna@hotmail.com; elmorodrigues@yahoo.com.br; ubirajaraaluizio@yahoo.com.br

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0368-2786

Elmo Rodrigues da Silva

Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – UERJ, Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Ambiental, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. E-mail: igor_laguna@hotmail.com; elmorodrigues@yahoo.com.br; ubirajaraaluizio@yahoo.com.br

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1214-3151

Ubirajara Aluizio de Oliveira Mattos

Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – UERJ, Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Ambiental, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. E-mail: igor_laguna@hotmail.com; elmorodrigues@yahoo.com.br; ubirajaraaluizio@yahoo.com.br

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2689-2110

Tables (6)

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Table 1
A3P Thematic Axes.

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Table 2
Evolution of Sustainability Assessment in SICOGEA.

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Table 3
Evolution of Sustainability Assessment, SICOGEA vs. DISASP.

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Table 4
Example Action Plan.

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Table 5
DISASP application results.

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DISASP Checklist Axis I - Rational Use of Natural Resources and Public Goods No. Question 0 1 2 NA - Not applicable. I.1 Does the autarky identify targets for reducing the supply of paper per capita in sectors? X I.2 Does the autarky have goals to increase consumption of recycled and non-chlorinated paper? X I.3 Does the autarky collect and track the consumption of paper used for printing and copying, as well as printers that need maintenance or replacement? X I.4 Does the autarky make notepads with paper used on one side only? X I.5 Does the autarky adopt a printing islands model? X I.6 Does the autarky adopt the guidelines proposed by the PROCEL program and implement changes suggested by the diagnosis for land certification, when relevant? X I.7 Has the autarky conducted a study of electrical installations to diagnose actual losses? X I.8 Does the autarky’s electrical installation comply with the norms and standards required by legislation and ABNT? X I.9 Has the autarky conducted a feasibility study of using solar energy in the building? X I.10 Does the autarky have a high-efficiency, low-environmental-impact lighting system, with presence sensors in the appropriate environments? X I.11 Are the autarky’s light switches individualized by work environment? X I.12 Is there an efficient air conditioning system in the autarky building, with a scheduled opening time? X I.13 Does the autarky encourage lights and monitors to remain off during lunchtime? X I.14 Does the autarky encourage use of the natural conditions of the work environment - ventilation, sunlight? X I.15 Does the autarky encourage the use of cups made from materials that are conducive to reuse? X I.16 Does the autarky have targets for reducing the availability of disposable cups? X I.17 Does the autarky diagnose water demand and use? X I.18 Does the autarky routinely perform inspections of the building’s hydro-sanitary facilities to detect leaks and improper use of available resources? X I.19 Does the autarky’s sanitary installation satisfy the norms and standards required by legislation, as well as the criteria of sustainability? X I.20 Has the autarky already replaced discharge valves with efficient systems? X I.21 Has the autarky optimized the flow rate of lavatory faucets by installing flow reducers or an alternative solution? X I.22 Does the autarky control the consumption of water and electricity in an individualized way? X I.23 Does the autarky have an implanted system for use of rainwater and reuse of gray water? X I.24 Does the autarky run rational fuel use campaigns? X I.25 Does the autarky run rational phone use campaigns? X I.26 Does the autarky use alternative fuels in the vehicle fleet? X I.27 Does the autarky have defined processes for preventive maintenance of furniture, real estate, vehicles, and equipment? X I.28 Does the autarky identify and monitor department-specific goals and indicators of efficiency in the maintenance area? X Axis II - Adequate Management of Generated Waste No. Question 0 1 2 NA II.1 Does the autarky have a Solid Waste Management Plan included as part of the selective solidary collection? X II.2 Does the autarky have a participatory diagnosis of the current solid waste management situation? X II.3 Does the autarky train cleaning staff quarterly? X II.4 Are signs and adhesives posted to facilitate segregation of materials? X II.5 Does the autarky dispose of tailings in an environmentally correct way? X II.6 Has the autarky already created a selective collection sector commission with one representative per unit (involving other institutions located in the same building or condominium, when applicable)? X II.7 Does the autarky donate recyclable materials to associations and cooperatives of recyclable waste pickers? X II.8 Does the autarky prevent and reduce waste generation? X II.9 Does the autarky have established practices and habits for sustainable consumption? X II.10 Does the autarky increase recycling and reuse of solid waste? X II.11 Does the autarky collect, handle, store, transport, and dispose of waste properly, with minimal risks to humans and the environment, including hazardous waste such as lightbulbs and electrical and electronic equipment? X Axis III - Quality of Life in the Work Environment No. Question 0 1 2 NA III.1 Does the autarky encourage employees to engage in physical activities? X III.2 Does the autarky stimulate employees’ physical and social well-being through training and community activities, such as walking and foot racing? X III.3 Does the autarky add work gymnastics to the institutional routine to reduce employees’ tension on their career path, increasing the motivation and quality of the professional environment? X III.4 Does the autarky conduct specific bicycle promotion events? X III.5 Does the autarky promote the periodic vaccination of employees? X III.6 Has the autarky developed a Retirement Preparation Plan? X III.7 Does the autarky promote events focused on women’s health? X III.8 Does the autarky verify that the air quality and noise level of the working environment meet the requirements of legislation? X III.9 Does the autarky have an environmental risk prevention program in place? X III.10 Does the autarky meet the health and safety standards for internal and external employees? X III.11 Does the autarky have an Internal Commission for the Prevention of Accidents? X III.12 Does the autarky have systematized methods to encourage creative and innovative thinking to develop its intellectual capital? X III.13 Does the autarky offer compensation to employees on or above the industry average, compared to similar institutions in the market? X III.14 Does the autarky offer health insurance for employees? X III.15 Does the autarky provide food aid for employees? X III.16 Does the autarky offer a supplementary pension plan for employees? X III.17 Does the autarky offer daycare assistance for employees’ children? X III.18 Does the autarky have a policy of encouraging staff specialization (specialization, master’s degree, doctorate)? X III.19 Does the autarky develop campaigns to prevent accidents in the workplace? X III.20 Does the autarky develop health campaigns in the workplace? X III.21 Does the autarky identify and monitor department-specific goals and indicators of efficiency in personnel management? X III.22 Does the autarky monitor levels of noise pollution, brightness, air pollution, and equipment ergonomics in the internal environment? X III.23 Is the turnover rate of the autarky considered adequate, in comparison to institutions of similar branches? X III.24 Does the autarky have an environmental quality plan? X Axis IV - Awareness and Training No. Question 0 1 2 NA IV.1 Does the autarky promote training courses related to A3P, producing materials to gain the adherence of public servants? X IV.2 Does the autarky disseminate educational and awareness programs for employees to make better use of institutional resources? X IV.3 Does the autarky provide information on socio-environmental issues, its successes, and its progress achievements? X IV.4 Does the autarky raise awareness for carpooling? X IV.5 Does the autarky conduct research to verify change in employees’ and collaborators’ knowledge and attitude concerning communication and sensitization? X IV.6 Does the autarky’s board encourage employees to attend A3P courses, seminars, and congresses? X IV.7 Does the autarky conduct awareness campaigns for public servants with intranet dissemination, posters, labels, and information? X IV.8 Does the autarky develop campaigns involving employees’ families, with the objective of sensitizing them to/guiding rational use of resources? X Axis V - Sustainable Public Procurement No. Question 0 1 2 NA V.1 Does the autarky buy goods and materials and contract services and works with sustainable criteria? X V.2 When possible, does the autarky make shared purchases with other agencies? X V.3 Does the autarky conduct annual procurement planning, identifying similar sustainable items to be purchased? X V.4 Does the autarky avoid purchasing permanent materials that do not meet sustainability criteria? X V.5 Does the autarky follow the guidelines of the Normative Instruction SLTI/MPOG no. 01, dated January 19, 2010, which provides criteria for environmental sustainability in acquisition of goods, contracting services, or works? X V.6 Does the autarky follow the guidelines of Administrative Rule no. 02 of the MPOG, dated March 16, 2010, and Normative Instruction no. 01 of the MPOG, dated January 19, 2010, regarding Information Technology - Green IT? X V.7 Does the autarky have a code of conduct for suppliers relating to environmental issues? X V.8 Does the autarky use electronic purchasing processes or similar? X V.9 Does the autarky require supplies to provide any kind of environmental certification? X V.10 Does the autarky prioritize hiring suppliers with environmental programs/projects? X V.11 Are conditions and quality terms applied when the purchase of inputs and equipment takes place in the autarky? X V.12 Does the autarky have defined processes to verify the quality of the products/services offered/contracted? X V.13 Does the autarky invest in research and development of less-polluting substitutes? X V.14 When choosing the company to maintain the vehicle fleet, does the autarky prioritize hiring suppliers with environmental programs/projects? X V.15 When choosing the company to maintains the properties, does the autarky prioritize contracting suppliers with environmental programs/projects? X Axis VI - Sustainable Construction No. Question 0 1 2 NA VI.1 Does the autarky plan works each year with guidelines for sustainable construction? X VI.2 Does the autarky seek to improve preventive building maintenance routines to reduce costs of corrective land maintenance? X VI.3 Does the autarky have covered bicycle racks and support infrastructure, such as locker rooms and others? X VI.4 In construction and renovation, does the autarky seek to identify and use durable, certified, and sustainable materials, preferably recycled and derived from renewable natural resources? X VI.5 Does the autarky seek to reduce waste of materials in building maintenance, renovations, and works? X VI.6 Does the autarky allocate reusable and recyclable waste from works to associations and cooperatives of recyclable materials? X VI.7 Does the autarky correctly dispose of hazardous waste? X VI.8 Has the autarky already verified the feasibility of works for retention and infiltration of rainwater in soil to avoid runoff and flooding in areas near the building? X VI.9 Does the autarky have adequate spaces to accommodate accessibility issues? X VI.10 Are inadequate products/materials found during building maintenance collected in suitable containers? X VI.11 Does the autarky have defined processes to guide recycling or storage of discarded equipment (computer, furniture, chairs, etc.) on the premises? X Axis VII - Social and Environmental Responsibility No. Question 0 1 2 NA VII.1 Does the autarky identify issues and address the social and environmental impacts of its products and processes and the facilities on which it has influence? X VII.2 Does the autarky promote actions involving preservation of the ecosystem, conservation of non-renewable resources, and minimization renewable resource use? X VII.3 Are autarky workers aware of and involved in issues related to environmental preservation and social development? X VII.4 Does the autarky have systematic processes to include socio-environmental preservation actions in its community projects? X VII.5 Does the autarky invest in environment-related media campaigns? X VII.6 Does the autarky invest in/provide sponsorships associated with environmental preservation issues? X VII.7 Does the autarky have a communication policy regarding its social and environmental responsibility? X VII.8 In advertising, does the autarky use a slogan with an appeal to preserve the environment? X VII.9 Does the autarky support and encourage internal initiatives offering solutions to minimize its environmental effects? X VII.10 In the last two years, has the autarky won any award/recognition for voluntary services, preservation of the environment, citizen institution, etc.? X VII.11 Does the autarky have defined processes and indicators to measure the adverse social and environmental impacts of its products, processes, and facilities? X Axis VIII - Institutional Management No. Question 0 1 2 NA VIII.1 Does the autarky have assets in use in the processes of protection, control, preservation, and environmental recovery? X VIII.2 Does the autarky have environmental liabilities related to loans and financing in environmental management? (inverse) X VIII.3 In the last two years, has the autarky been assessed or fined for environmental reasons? (inverse) X VIII.4 Does the autarky participate in environmental preservation campaigns? X VIII.5 Does the autarky have an environmental management system? X VIII.6 Does the autarky have defined processes that enable systematic financial investments in environmental protection? X VIII.7 Does the autarky identify and monitor goals and indicators of environmental efficiency? X VIII.8 Does the autarky’s planning prioritize investments/projects in the area of environmental management? X VIII.9 Does the autarky have best-practice processes in the area of environmental management? X VIII.10 Does the autarky invest in research and development of environmental technologies? X VIII.11 Does the autarky have salaries and charges from environmental experts? X VIII.12 Is leadership in the autarky exercised such that decisions can be made, communicated, and implemented to meet stakeholder needs in a harmonious and balanced way? X VIII.13 Does the autarky’s senior management interact with all stakeholders, demonstrating commitment and seeking opportunities for the organization? X VIII.14 Does the autarky have production processes certified by any agency? X VIII.15 Does the autarky monitor indicators of carbon emissions as a result of its production processes? X VIII.16 Does the autarky have carbon offset programs? X

Thematic Axes	Fundamentals
Rational Use of Natural Resources and Public Goods	Rational use of natural resources and public goods means avoiding wasteful use. This axis involves the rational use of energy, water, and wood, as well as consumption of raw materials, such as paper, plastic cups, and others.
Adequate Management of Generated Waste	Proper waste management is pursued through adoption of the 5R’s policy: Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repurpose, and Recycle. Priority should be given to reducing consumption and combatting waste, not only to properly handling the waste generated.
Quality of Life in the Work Environment	This axis seeks to facilitate and satisfy the needs of workers through actions aimed at personal and professional development.
Awareness and Training	Awareness-raising aims to establish the socio-environmental responsibility of public workers. Training seeks to facilitate development of institutional and individual competencies, so that employees develop attitudes aimed at improving their activities.
Sustainable Public Procurement	Public administration must pursue social and environmental responsibility in its purchases. Sustainable purchases are important for environmental preservation and have a better cost-benefit ratio in the medium- or long-term compared to purchases based only on the lowest price.
Sustainable Construction	Sustainable construction refers to a set of measures adopted during all stages of a project for the sustainability of the building. Adopting these measures can minimize negative environmental impacts, promote the economy of natural resources, and improve the quality of life of the building’s occupants.

Attributes	SICOGEA	SICOGEA (Generation 2)
Scale for measuring checklist responses	3 levels: Adequate - A; Deficit - D; Not applicable - NA	6 levels: 0 to 5 and NA - Not applicable
General index of sustainability	(Total issues rated A × 100) / (Total questions – total issues rated NA)	(Possible points) / (Points achieved)
Environmental sustainability assessment		≤ 20% - Poor
	≤ 50% - Deficit	21% – 40% - Weak
	51% – 70% - Normal	41% – 60% - Normal
	≥ 71% - Appropriate	61% – 80% - Good
		> 80% - Excellent
Option to assign weight to questions	No	Yes

Items	SICOGEA (Generation 2)	DISASP
Scale for measuring checklist responses	6 levels: 0 to 5 and NA - Not applicable	3 levels: 0 to 2 and NA - not applicable
General index of sustainability	(Possible points) / (Points achieved)	(Possible points) / (Points achieved)
Areas/axes evaluated		• Rational Use of Natural
		Resources and Public Goods
		• Adequate Management of Generated Waste
	• Production	• Quality of Life in the Work Environment
	• Human Resources	• Awareness and Training
	• Marketing	• Sustainable Public Procurement
	• Finance	• Sustainable Construction
		• Social and Environmental Responsibility
		• Institutional Management
Environmental sustainability assessment	≤ 20% - Poor	≤ 20% - Poor
	21% – 40% - Weak	21% – 40% - Weak
	41% – 60% - Regular	41% – 60% - Regular
	61% – 80% - Good	61% – 80% - Good
	> 80% - Excellent	> 80% - Excellent
Option to assign weight to questions	Yes	No

Action Plan
Theme	Goals	Responsibility	Start	Conclusion
Water	Conduct automated monitoring of water consumption.	Engineering	2018	-
Water	Promote awareness campaigns to reduce water consumption.	Institutional management	2018	-

Axes	Possible Points	Points Achieved	Sustainability Level
Axes	Possible Points	Points Achieved	Result	Evaluation
Rational Use of Natural Resources and Public Goods	54	13	24%	Weak
Adequate Management of Generated Waste	22	04	18%	Poor
Quality of Life in the Work Environment	48	17	35%	Weak
Awareness and Training	16	04	25%	Weak
Sustainable Public Procurement	30	11	37%	Weak
Sustainable Construction	22	07	32%	Weak
Social and Environmental Responsibility	20	02	10%	Poor
Institutional Management	32	10	31%	Weak
Total	244	68	28%	Weak

[1] Source: Adapted from Brasil (2009Brasil. (2009). Agenda Ambiental na Administração Pública (5. ed.). Brasilia: Ministério do Meio Ambiente., 2019aBrasil. (2019a). Construções sustentáveis. Brasilia: Ministério do Meio Ambiente. Retrieved in 2019, February 24, from http://www.mma.gov.br/component/k2/item/10317-thematic-rights-sustainablebuildings
http://www.mma.gov.br/component/k2/item/... ).

Brasil

Brasil

Public Sector Social-environmental Diagnosis Model: application in a federal autarky, Rio de Janeiro

Modelo de Diagnóstico Socioambiental para o Setor Público: aplicação em uma autarquia federal – Rio de Janeiro/RJ

Abstract: