DRIS Norms for grafted and non-grafted red bell pepper in semi arid climate conditions in a greenhouse

Sánchez, Esteban; Soto-Parra, Juan Manuel; Preciado-Rangel, Pablo; Llanderal, Alfonso; Lao, María Teresa

doi:10.1590/S0102-053620180314

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Research • Hortic. Bras. 36 (3) • Jul-Sep 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-053620180314 copy

DRIS Norms for grafted and non-grafted red bell pepper in semi arid climate conditions in a greenhouse

Normas DRIS para pimentão vermelho com e sem enxerto em condicões semiáridas em casa de vegetação

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to compute and compare DRIS norms for grafted and non-grafted red bell pepper crops grown in semi arid climate conditions. DRIS norms were computed with 84 samples of first young mature leaves collected during developed stage. The experiment had a completely randomized block design, and the values obtained for each plant and each variable were considered as independent replicates. Thirty-two DRIS norms nutrient ratios and coefficients of variation (CV) were computed from N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn analytical results. The ratios P/N and K/N in grafted and non-grafted pepper plants, showed low CV and therefore may play a fundamental role in crop production according with the DRIS norms calculated, since as light modification in the nutrient concentration led to a significant change in the nutritional balance. In conclusion, DRIS norms are sensitive for grafted and non-grafted plants. This work may signify an improvement in the nutritional diagnosis of grafted and non-grafted red bell pepper in semi arid climate conditions under a shaded greenhouse.

Keywords:
Capsicum annuum; Diagnostic and Recommendation Integrated System; foliar diagnostic; leaf analysis; nutrient ratio; macronutrients

Nutrient	Fruit		Leaf		Peduncle
Nutrient	Grafted	Non-grafted	Grafted	Non-grafted	Grafted	Non-grafted
N	2.05 ± 0.30 a	2.15 ± 0.34 a	3.85 ± 0.33 a	3.85 ± 0.37 a	3.05 ± 0.86 a	3.11 ± 0.92 a
P	0.23 ± 0.06 a	0.24 ± 0.07 a	0.14 ± 0.04 a	0.12 ± 0.02 a	0.18 ± 0.06 a	0.17 ± 0.05 a
K	3.70 ± 0.26 a	3.73 ± 0.18 a	4.68 ± 0.15 a	4.65 ± 0.13 a	4.38 ± 0.16 a	4.30 ± 0.25 a
Ca	0.21 ± 0.11 a	0.27 ± 0.15 a	2.03 ± 0.40 a	2.17 ± 0.50 a	0.41 ± 0.29 a	0.52 ± 0.71 a
Mg	0.57 ± 0.08 a	0.57 ± 0.07 a	1.95 ± 0.14 a	1.64 ± 0.12 b	0.64 ± 0.09 a	0.59 ± 0.15 a
Fe	0.93 ± 0.30 a	0.76 ± 0.20 a	4.65 ± 1.06 a	4.49 ± 0.66 a	1.31 ± 0.44 a	1.18 ± 0.40 a
Cu	0.18 ± 0.04 a	0.19 ± 0.09 a	1.40 ± 0.74 a	1.19 ± 0.63 a	0.27 ± 0.14 a	0.28 ± 0.25 a
Zn	0.39 ± 0.08 a	0.41 ± 0.06 a	2.05 ± 0.29 a	2.02 ± 0.35 a	0.45 ± 0.06 a	0.42 ± 0.10 a
Mn	0.14 ± 0.02 a	0.13 ± 0.02 a	1.99 ± 0.35 a	1.40 ± 0.20 b	0.17 ± 0.04 a	0.15 ± 0.04 a

Grafted					Non-grafted
Norms	Means	CV (%)	r		Norms	Means	CV (%)	r
N/P	27.34	23.17	0.01	ns	N/P	31.49	18.62	-0.03	ns
N/K	0.82	8.97	-0.47	*	N/K	0.83	9.98	-0.06	ns
N/Ca	1.98	26.22	-0.53	*	N/Ca	1.86	23.91	0.02	ns
N/Mg	1.98	13.93	-0.28	**	N/Mg	2.36	14.17	0.22	ns
N/Fe	0.88	28.09	-0.57	*	N/Fe	0.88	20.65	0.03	ns
N/Cu	4.05	71.12	-0.22	**	N/Cu	4.61	67.96	0.02	ns
N/Zn	1.91	16.35	-0.79	**	N/Zn	1.95	17.11	0.01	ns
N/Mn	2.09	19.40	-0.30	*	N/Mn	2.64	23.05	0.47	**
10*P/N	0.39	24.76	0.02	ns	10*P/N	0.33	19.42	0.04	ns
10*P/K	0.32	22.90	-0.20	ns	10*P/K	0.27	17.96	0.02	ns
10*P/Ca	0.77	38.87	-0.38	*	10*P/Ca	0.61	30.33	0.06	ns
10*P/Mg	0.76	22.09	-0.16	ns	10*P/Mg	0.77	19.78	0.22	ns
10*P/Fe	0.33	30.01	-0.55	*	10*P/Fe	0.29	24.75	0.09	ns
10*P/Cu	1.59	89.57	-0.21	ns	10*P/Cu	1.55	77.02	0.05	ns
10*P/Zn	0.74	29.82	-0.43	**	10*P/Zn	0.64	26.70	0.05	ns
10*P/Mn	0.80	30.84	-0.21	ns	10*P/Mn	0.87	29.69	0.39	**
K/N	1.23	8.48	0.49	**	K/N	1.22	9.61	0.08	ns
K/P	33.22	21.27	0.21	ns	K/P	38.17	17.94	0.01	ns
K/Ca	2.42	26.30	-0.39	*	K/Ca	2.25	22.56	0.03	ns
K/Mg	2.41	7.13	0.06	ns	K/Mg	2.85	8.34	0.43	**
K/Fe	1.07	27.04	-0.45	**	K/Fe	1.06	16.90	0.09	ns
K/Cu	4.89	68.70	-0.16	ns	K/Cu	5.54	66.15	0.04	ns
K/Zn	2.32	14.11	-0.63	**	K/Zn	2.36	17.14	0.02	ns
K/Mn	2.54	16.47	0.09	ns	K/Mn	3.19	19.23	0.58	*
Ca/N	0.53	21.93	0.58	**	Ca/N	0.57	25.62	0.10	ns
Ca/P	14.50	30.29	0.42	*	Ca/P	17.97	32.60	0.08	ns
Ca/K	0.43	20.52	0.41	**	Ca/K	0.47	24.29	0.05	ns
Ca/Mg	1.04	20.44	0.42	**	Ca/Mg	1.33	24.55	0.15	ns
Ca/Fe	0.46	26.98	-0.13	ns	Ca/Fe	0.49	27.63	0.15	ns
Ca/Cu	2.20	79.35	0.01	ns	Ca/Cu	2.60	62.46	0.04	ns
Ca/Zn	1.00	21.26	0.02	ns	Ca/Zn	1.10	27.28	0.06	ns
Ca/Mn	1.12	30.13	0.21	ns	Ca/Mn	1.47	23.86	0.42	**
Mg/N	0.51	12.10	0.29	*	Mg/N	0.43	12.73	-0.23	ns
Mg/P	13.84	22.38	0.19	ns	Mg/P	13.50	20.72	-0.14	ns
Mg/K	0.42	7.04	-0.07	ns	Mg/K	0.35	8.23	-0.44	**
Mg/Ca	1.01	25.24	-0.43	**	Mg/Ca	0.79	21.91	-0.17	**
Mg/Fe	0.45	27.88	0.47	*	Mg/Fe	0.37	19.43	-0.12	ns
Mg/Cu	2.08	73.12	-0.16	ns	Mg/Cu	1.98	68.39	-0.02	ns
Mg/Zn	0.97	16.82	-0.58	**	Mg/Zn	0.83	17.32	-0.21	ns
Mg/Mn	1.06	19.65	-0.11	ns	Mg/Mn	1.12	14.95	0.49	**
Fe/N	1.22	24.95	0.62	*	Fe/N	1.18	17.23	-0.12	ns
Fe/P	32.71	30.15	0.50	*	Fe/P	36.78	22.00	-0.10	ns

Grafted					Non-grafted
Norms	Means	CV (%)	r		Norms	Means	CV (%)	r
Fe/K	0.99	22.19	0.49	**	Fe/K	0.97	15.11	-0.18	ns
Fe/Ca	2.37	31.36	0.02	ns	Fe/Ca	2.16	23.86	0.05	ns
Fe/Mg	2.39	24.24	0.44	**	Fe/Mg	2.75	16.53	0.02	ns
Fe/Cu	4.76	72.71	-0.04	ns	Fe/Cu	5.32	73.00	0.05	ns
Fe/Zn	2.26	17.74	0.13	ns	Fe/Zn	2.25	14.20	-0.15	ns
Fe/Mn	2.48	22.01	0.38	**	Fe/Mn	3.09	24.42	0.38	**
Cu/N	0.36	51.93	0.38	**	Cu/N	0.31	55.09	0.03	ns
Cu/P	9.82	54.72	0.35	*	Cu/P	9.86	56.12	0.04	ns
Cu/K	0.30	51.75	0.30	**	Cu/K	0.25	52.08	0.03	ns
Cu/Ca	0.72	52.13	0.17	ns	Cu/Ca	0.60	67.94	0.03	ns
Cu/Mg	0.73	55.71	0.29	**	Cu/Mg	0.73	52.71	0.10	ns
Cu/Fe	0.30	47.43	0.06	ns	Cu/Fe	0.26	49.94	0.10	ns
Cu/Zn	0.67	49.22	0.14	ns	Cu/Zn	0.58	52.11	0.06	ns
Cu/Mn	0.73	51.58	0.22	ns	Cu/Mn	0.82	58.94	0.24	**
Zn/N	0.54	17.80	0.76	*	Zn/N	0.53	18.48	0.02	ns
Zn/P	14.76	31.70	0.45	**	Zn/P	16.81	29.78	0.01	ns
Zn/K	0.44	15.05	0.61	**	Zn/K	0.44	18.74	-0.03	ns
Zn/Ca	1.05	22.94	-0.01	ns	Zn/Ca	0.97	26.12	-0.02	ns
Zn/Mg	1.06	17.17	0.54	**	Zn/Mg	1.24	18.11	0.14	ns
Zn/Fe	0.46	20.98	-0.11	ns	Zn/Fe	0.46	15.51	0.08	ns
Zn/Cu	2.08	65.27	-0.04	ns	Zn/Cu	2.37	70.21	0.07	ns
Zn/Mn	1.11	17.09	0.41	**	Zn/Mn	1.38	20.91	0.51	*
Mn/N	0.50	21.69	0.28	**	Mn/N	0.39	19.42	-0.49	*
Mn/P	13.47	28.22	0.22	ns	Mn/P	12.50	29.57	-0.35	**
Mn/K	0.40	17.73	0.11	ns	Mn/K	0.32	19.26	-0.56	*
Mn/Ca	1.00	39.47	-0.23	ns	Mn/Ca	0.72	25.94	-0.48	*
Mn/Mg	0.98	19.04	0.12	ns	Mn/Mg	0.92	15.48	-0.47	*
Mn/Fe	0.43	25.24	-0.43	**	Mn/Fe	0.34	25.65	-0.35	**
Mn/Cu	1.86	57.11	-0.21	ns	Mn/Cu	1.77	60.91	-0.13	ns
Mn/Zn	0.93	18.22	-0.40	**	Mn/Zn	0.76	20.78	-0.48	*

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[TFN1] *Means with different letters in the same column indicate signiﬁcant differences between treatments using LSD test at P≤0.05.