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Tomato production and quality in soiless culture conducted in the field and under unheated greenhouse

The tomato (hybrid Carmen) fruit yield and quality in the FITO system were evaluated, using plastic bags containing organic compost + sand + nutrients, in the field and under unheated greenhouse conditions. Seven treatments were evaluated: 1) FITO, under unheated greenhouse, using perforated plastic bags, with 9 dm³ substratum per plant, containing 25% of organic compost and 75% of sand, all the macro and micronutrientes being added through trickle irrigation; 2) FITO A, similar to the previous treatment, except that only sand was used as substratum; 3) FITO 1, similar to FITO, except that the N and K were applied through trickle irrigation and the other nutrients were directly mixed in the substratum; 4) check plot in unheated greenhouse in which plants were directly transplanted in the soil; 5) FITO C, similar to FITO, except that the plants were cultivated under field condition; 6) check plot in unheated greenhouse in which plants were transplanted to the soil N and K being applied through trickle irrigation; 7) check plot with plants directly transplanted in the soil under field conditions. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks design with four repetitions. There was no significant effect of treatments on N, Zn and Mn contents in leaf; in big and small sized fruits; in total fruit yield and fruit quality (pH, acidity, total soluble solids and vitamin C). Significant differences were found among treatments for leaf dry weight, medium, commercial and non-commercial production of fruits per day after transplantation (PCD). Significant differences were observed for P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe and Cu contents in leaves. The highest commercial, weighted and PCD yields, 104.79 t ha-1, 94,71 t ha-1 and 0.851 t ha-1 day-1, respectively, were obtained with the FITO system. However these values did not differ from those observed in the check plot using soil in the unheated greenhouse. FITO system can substitute the cultivation in the soil, either in the field or in unheated greenhouse.

Lycopersicon esculentum; substratum; fertilizer; mineral nutrition


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