Growth and macronutrient accumulation in tomato cultivated in an organic system

Almeida, Luciana G de; Cardoso, Antonio Ismael Inácio; Candian, Joara S; Grassi Filho, Helio; Sartori, Maria Márcia P

doi:10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2532

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Research • Hortic. Bras. 41 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2532 copy

Growth and macronutrient accumulation in tomato cultivated in an organic system

Crescimento e acúmulo de macronutrientes em tomateiro cultivado em sistema orgânico

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to characterize the growth and nutrient absorption of ‘Debora Victory’ tomato grown in organic system. The treatments consisted of nine sampling dates, at 2, 32, 46, 60, 77, 91, 109, 122 and 137 days after transplantation (DAT). In the last sampling, plants reached an estimated accumulation of dry and fresh weight in plant shoots of 550 and 9,528 g/plant, respectively. At the end of the cycle, the distribution of dry matter was 73% in the fruits, 16% in the leaves and 11% in the stem. The yield of total fresh fruits was estimated at 154.7 t/ha. The decreasing order of nutrient accumulation in plant shoots was K>N>Ca>P>S>Mg, with estimated values of 22.6; 10.4; 5.0; 2.3; 2.1 and 1.6 g/plant, respectively, corresponding to 431; 198; 95; 44; 40 and 30 kg/ha of K, N, Ca, P, S and Mg, respectively. The decreasing order of nutrient accumulation in the fruits was K>N>P>S>Mg>Ca, with estimated values of 16.6; 8.4; 1.7; 0.8; 0.7 and 0.2 g/plant, respectively, which corresponded to an estimated total extraction of 315; 153; 32; 16; 14 and 3 kg/ha of K, N, P, S, Mg and Ca, respectively. In the last sampling, the greatest accumulation of N, P and K occurred in the fruits and Ca, S and Mg in the vegetative organs (stem + leaves).

Keywords:
Solanum lycopersicum; dry matter; nutrient accumulation; organic agriculture

Interval (DAT*)	Stem		Leaves		Fruits		Shoots
Interval (DAT*)	Dry matter	Fresh matter	Dry matter	Fresh matter	Dry matter	Fresh matter	Dry matter	Fresh matter
2 - 32	0.4	6.0	1.4	13.1	-		1.7	15.1
33 - 46	0.5	4.8	1.1	9.5	0.8	12.0	2.7	38.3
47 - 60	0.5	3.9	0.8	7.2	2.5	47.6	3.3	53.1
61 - 77	0.5	3.1	0.7	4.6	3.2	63.6	4.0	69.5
78 - 91	0.5	2.2	0.5	2.0	4.0	79.7	4.7	85.9
92 - 109	0.5	1.2	0.2	-0.6	4.7	96.2	5.5	102.8
110 - 122	0.5	0.4	0.0	-3.2	5.4	112.3	6.2	119.2
123 - 137	0.5	-0.5	-0.2	-5.5	6.1	126.8	6.8	134.0

Interval (DAT*)	Stem			Leaves			Fruits			Shoots
Interval (DAT*)	N	P	K	N	P	K	N	P	K	N	P	K
2 - 32	0.008	0.002	0.031	0.046	0.007	0.061	-	-	-	0.057	0.010	0.085
33 - 46	0.006	0.002	0.024	0.032	0.005	0.042	0.018	0.004	0.033	0.065	0.013	0.119
47 - 60	0.006	0.002	0.020	0.023	0.004	0.030	0.055	0.012	0.111	0.071	0.015	0.142
61 - 77	0.005	0.003	0.016	0.012	0.003	0.017	0.067	0.014	0.138	0.077	0.017	0.166
78 - 91	0.004	0.002	0.012	0.002	0.001	0.004	0.080	0.017	0.164	0.083	0.019	0.190
92 - 109	0.003	0.003	0.007	-0.009	0.000	-0.009	0.092	0.019	0.191	0.089	0.021	0.216
110 - 122	0.002	0.002	0.003	-0.019	-0.003	-0.023	0.105	0.022	0.218	0.095	0.023	0.240
123 - 137	0.001	0.002	-0.001	-0.028	-0.003	-0.034	0.116	0.024	0.241	0.100	0.025	0.262

Interval (DAT*)	Stem			Leaves			Fruits			Shoots
Interval (DAT*)	Ca	Mg	S	Ca	Mg	S	Ca	Mg	S	Ca	Mg	S
2 - 32	0.009	0.002	0.001	0.049	0.010	0.014	-	-	-	0.055	0.012	0.015
33 - 46	0.008	0.002	0.001	0.040	0.008	0.011	0.001	0.002	0.001	0.048	0.012	0.015
47 - 60	0.008	0.002	0.001	0.035	0.007	0.010	0.001	0.005	0.005	0.043	0.012	0.015
61 - 77	0.007	0.001	0.001	0.029	0.005	0.008	0.001	0.006	0.006	0.037	0.012	0.015
78 - 91	0.007	0.001	0.002	0.024	0.004	0.006	0.001	0.007	0.008	0.032	0.011	0.016
92 - 109	0.006	0.001	0.002	0.018	0.002	0.005	0.002	0.008	0.010	0.026	0.011	0.016
110 - 122	0.006	0.001	0.002	0.012	0.001	0.003	0.002	0.009	0.011	0.021	0.011	0.016
123 - 137	0.006	0.000	0.002	0.007	-0.001	0.001	0.002	0.010	0.013	0.016	0.011	0.016

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[TFN1] *DAT = days after transplantation.