Chamorro-Vina et al.1111 Chamorro-Vina C, Ruiz JR, Santana-Sosa E, Gonzalez VM, Madero L, Perez M, et al. Exercise during hematopoietic stem cell transplant hospitalization in children. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010;42(6):1045–53.
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Exercise (EG) |
In-hospital |
5 × ∼50 min per week |
3 weeks |
• Immune cells (blood counts of leukocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, and lymphocyte subpopulations |
The immune cells measurement showed no significant responses pre- and post-transplantation in both groups. However, the post-transplant decrease was more abrupt in the CG than that in the EG. |
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n = 7 Control (CG) |
Exercise program (EP) EG: aerobic and resistance exercises |
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• Anthropometric variables (body mass, body mass index and estimated fat-free mass) |
Significant effect of the EG versus time for all anthropometric variables (weight, body mass index, body fat, and fat-free mass), indicating an increase over the hospitalization period in the EG compared to CG. |
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n = 13 |
CG: non-exercise program |
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Dubnov-Raz et al.1313 Dubnov-Raz G, Azar M, Reuveny R, Katz U, Weintraub M, Constantini NW. Changes in fitness are associated with changes in body composition and bone health in children after cancer. Acta Paediatr. 2015;104:1055–61.
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EG |
Home-based EP |
3 × 60 min per week, |
6 months |
• Physical fitness |
No differences found between the groups in changes in physical fitness indexes, body composition or mental health. Significant correlations were found in bone density and lean body mass in all participants. |
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n = 12 |
EG: endurance, strengthening and stretching training. |
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• Body composition |
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CG n = 12 |
GC: non-exercise program |
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• Bone density • Mood • Quality-of-life (QoL) |
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Kabak et al.1414 Kabak VY, Duger T, Cetinkaya DU. Investigation of the effects of an exercise program on physical functions and activities of daily life in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2016;63:1643–8.
|
EG |
Combined in-hospital and home-based EP |
7 × (20–40) min per week. |
1 month |
• Physical function |
The study determined that the exercise program had positive effects in physical function and functional performance in the EG, in contrast with the worsened performance in the CG. Regarding ADL, no difference was found between the two groups. |
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n = 11 |
EG: strengthening, endurance, stretching, and relaxation exercises. |
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• Functional performance |
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CG |
CG: non-exercise program |
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• Activities of daily life (ADL) |
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n = 11 |
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• 6MWT |
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Chamorro-Vina et al.1111 Chamorro-Vina C, Ruiz JR, Santana-Sosa E, Gonzalez VM, Madero L, Perez M, et al. Exercise during hematopoietic stem cell transplant hospitalization in children. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010;42(6):1045–53.
|
EG |
Combined in-hospital and home-based EP |
5 × (20–60) min per week |
10 weeks |
• Immunological recovery |
Significant increase in NKCC concentration eight times greater than that found initially among EG. |
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n = 3 |
EG: aerobic exercise strength training, stretching exercises |
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CG |
GC: non-exercise program |
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n = 3 |
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Wallek et al.1616 Wallek S, Senn-Malashonak A, Vogt L, Schmidt K, Bader P, Banzer W. Impact of the initial fitness level on the effects of a structured exercise therapy during pediatric stem cell transplantation. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2018;65(2).
|
EG |
In-hospital EP |
5 × (40–60) min per week |
Up to hospital discharge |
• 6-min walking distance (6MWD) |
Intergroup comparison revealed significant differences between the two groups. The EG increased their 6MWD by +8%, whereas both CGs presented a decline in the 6MWD. At discharge, the EG achieved 80% of healthy reference values. |
|
n = 27 |
EG: endurance training, muscle strengthening and flexibility training |
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CG |
GC: non-exercise program |
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n = 27 |
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Senn-Malashonak et al.1515 Senn-Malashonak A, Wallek S, Schmidt K, Rosenhagen A, Vogt L, Bader P, et al. Psychophysical effects of an exercise therapy during pediatric stem cell transplantation: a randomized controlled trial. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2019;54(11):1827–35.
|
EG |
In-hospital EP |
5 × (30–60) min |
Up to hospital discharge |
• Maximal isometric knee extension strength (KES) |
KES, 6MWD, and HGS significantly decreased in the CG, while there were no changes in the IG. Preto post-changes in 6MWD and HGS differed significantly between groups. QoL declined in both groups. |
|
n = 35 |
EG: resistance, endurance, and flexibility training |
|
|
• Hand grip strength (HGS) |
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CG |
GC: mental and relaxation training |
|
|
• 6MWD |
|
|
n = 35 |
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• QoL • Medical parameters |
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Yildiz Kabak et al.1919 Yildiz Kabak V, Cetinkaya DU, Kuskonmaz B, Cetin N, Duger T. Effects of multimodal exercise on clinical status and patient-reported outcomes in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2019;36(7):410–21.
|
EG |
Combined in-hospital and home-based EP |
5 × (30–60) min |
Up to hospital discharge |
• Depression |
Pain intensity and days with pain were lower in IG (p < 0.05). |
|
n = 15 |
EG: resistance, endurance, and flexibility training |
|
And 1 month after discharge |
• Pain |
QoL declined in both groups. |
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CG |
CG: non-exercise program |
|
|
• Fatigue |
Level of depression and Fatigue were lower in IG. |
|
n = 11 |
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• QoL • Parents QoL |
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